Vishnya-class intelligence ship

Spy ship class

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|

SSV-535 Kareliya (foreground) and USS Texas in 1988

Class overview
Builders| Stocznia Północna, Gdańsk, Poland
Operators|

* Soviet Navy
* Russian Navy

Preceded by| Balzam class
Succeeded by| Yury Ivanov class
In commission| 1985–present
Planned| 7
Completed| 7
Active| 7
General characteristics
Type| Intelligence collection ship
Displacement| 3,470 tons full load
Length| 91.5 m (300 ft 2 in)
Beam| 14.6 m (47 ft 11 in)
Draught| 4.5 m (14 ft 9 in)
Propulsion| 2 shafts, 2x Zgoda Sulzer 12AV 25/30 diesel engines, 4,400 bhp (3,300 kW)
Speed| 16 knots
Complement| 146 (= 6 passengers)
Sensors and
processing systems| Radar:[1] MR-212/201 (Palm Frond) Sonar: MG-349, MGP-303
Electronic warfare
& decoys| Various intercept arrays and radio direction finding equipment
Armament|

* 2 AK-630 six-barreled Gatling 30 mm/L60 guns
* 2 SA-N-8 surface-to-air missiles

SSV-208 Kurily in 2005

The Vishnya class (NATO reporting name) (also known as the Meridian class),[2] Soviet designation Project 864,[2] are a group of intelligence collection ships built for the Soviet Navy in the 1980s. The ships continue in service with the Russian Navy.[3] The Russian Navy operates seven of these ships.[2]

## Design[edit]

These ships are large, purpose built ships designed for signals intelligence gathering via an extensive array of sensors.[4] The data could be transmitted to shore via satellite link antennas housed in two large radomes. The ships are armed with two AK-630 close-in weapon systems and SA-N-8 surface-to-air missile (SAM) launchers, for last resort self-defense.

## Operations[edit]

On September 23, 2012, SSV Viktor Leonov was at dock in Havana.[5][6] Other ships visited in 2013.[7]

On February 27, 2014, SSV Viktor Leonov docked in Havana’s cruise ship area, the same day Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu announced that Russia would establish permanent bases in Cuba, Vietnam, Nicaragua, Singapore, and the Seychelle islands.[8][9][6][10][11]

Vasily Tatishchev was deployed to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea on 5 October 2015 to monitor the conflict in Syria.[12]

On January 20, 2015, SSV Viktor Leonov was at dock in Havana.[13]

On February 15, 2017, CNN reported that SSV Viktor Leonov,[14][5] a Russian spy ship was sitting 30 miles (48 km) off the coast of Connecticut.[15] This is the farthest north the Russian spy vessel has ever ventured, according to US defense officials. CNN later reported that Viktor Leonov, which conducted similar patrols in 2014 and 2015,[16] was off the coast of Delaware, but typically she only travels as far north as Virginia.[17][18] The ship is based with Russia's Northern Fleet but had stopped over in Cuba before conducting her patrol along the Atlantic Coast and is expected to return there following her latest mission. She was spotted operating off the coast of South Carolina and Georgia in December 2019. The United States Coast Guard at the time published a MSIB alleging unsafe operations being performed in that area, including running without navigation lights, and failing to respond to hails. The ship is outfitted with a variety of high-tech interception equipment and is designed to intercept signals intelligence. The official said that the US Navy was "keeping a close eye on it.".[19]

## Ships[edit]

Name  | Hull No.  | Laid down  | Launched  | Commissioned  | Fleet  | Status  | Notes

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Fedor Golovin
(ex-Meridian)  | 520  |  |  | 14 November 1985  | Baltic Fleet | Active  |
Kareliya | 535  |  |  | 5 July 1986  | Pacific Fleet | Active  | Active in 2021–2022 off Hawaii[20][21][22][23]
Tavriya | 169  |  |  | 17 January 1987  | Northern Fleet | In reserve  | Part donor for Viktor Leonov[24]
Priazovye | 201  |  |  | 12 June 1987  | Black Sea Fleet | Active  | In 2020–2021 deployed to the Mediterranean Sea[25]
Kurily | 208  |  |  | 16 October 1987  | Pacific Fleet  | Active  |
Vasiliy Tatishchev
(ex-Pelengator)  | 231  |  | 27 November 1987  | 23 July 1988  | Baltic Fleet  | Active  | In 2021 deployed to the Red Sea,[26] in July 2022 to the Adriatic Sea[27]
Viktor Leonov
(ex-Odograf)  | 175  |  |  | 1988  | Northern Fleet  | Active  | In 2019–2020 active off U.S. and U.K., docks in Havana[28]

## See also[edit]

* List of ships of the Soviet Navy
* List of ships of Russia by project number

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Medium intelligence ship - Project 864". Russianships.info.
2. ^ a b c "Project 864". Deagel.com. 2015. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. "The Project 864, also known as the Vishnya and Meridian, is an electronic surveillance and intelligence gathering ship built by Stocznia Polnocna shipyard in Gdansk (Poland) for the Soviet Union's Navy in the 1980s."
3. ^ Toppan, Andrew (18 October 2001). "World Navies Today: Russian General Support Auxiliaries". Hazegray.org. Archived from the original on 15 January 2008.
4. ^ "864 Vishnya class". Warfare.be. 2015. Archived from the original on 22 November 2015.
5. ^ a b "RFS VIKTOR LEONOV CCB175". ShipSpotting.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2022. "Ship Photos and Ship Tracker"
6. ^ a b Winter, Michael (27 February 2014). "Russian spy ship visits Havana". USA TODAY. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
7. ^ "What's an advanced Russian warship doing in Havana harbor?". PBS NewsHour. 24 June 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
8. ^ "Why did Russia send spy ship to Cuba?: No word from Communist nation as armed vessel docks in Havana". National Post. AFP. 27 February 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
9. ^ Ellis, R. Evan. The New Russian Engagement with Latin America: Strategic Position, Commerce, and Dreams of the Past (PDF). United States Army War College.
10. ^ "Russian Navy Ships Take Part in Anti-Drug Drills in Caribbean". Honduras News. 30 April 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
11. ^ Oppenheimer, Andres (30 March 2014). "Russian military bases in Latin America?". Stabroek News. Lacytown, Georgetown, Guyana. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
12. ^ Pike, John (15 March 2017). "Vishnya Meridian Project 864 class". Globalsecurity.org.
13. ^ "CubaBrief: The Russian reset 10 years later, its expanded military role in Latin America, and the possibility of a new crisis". Center for a FREE Cuba. 6 May 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2022. "Russian spy ship Viktor Leonov at the port in Havana, January 20, 2015."
14. ^ "Russian navy ships on patrol in the Caribbean". Curaçao Chronicle. 8 May 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
15. ^ Taube, David (16 February 2017). "Congressman: Russian spy ship loitering by Connecticut". WXII. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
16. ^ Bostock, Bill. "US accuses Russian spy ship of 'unsafe' maneuvers off US east coast for sailing with no warning lights, ignoring other ships, and risking a crash". Business Insider. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
17. ^ Vergakis, Brock (24 January 2018). "U.S. Navy tracks Russian spy ship 30 miles off Virginia coast". The Virginian-Pilot. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
18. ^ Martinez, Luis (16 March 2017). "Russian spy ship returns to East Coast of US". ABC News. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
19. ^ Browne, Ryan; Starr, Barbara (16 February 2017). "Russian spy ship lurks off Connecticut coast". CNN.
20. ^ "UPDATED: Russian Navy Surveillance Ship Quietly Operating off Hawaii". USNI News. 26 May 2021.
21. ^ "ТОФ возвращает в строй СРЗК "Карелия"" [SRZK "Karelia" returns to the Pacific Fleet]. Vestiprim.ru (in Russian). 20 July 2017.
22. ^ "Vishnya-class Intelligence Ship Karelia rejoined the Russian Pacific Fleet". Navy Recognition. 24 July 2017.
23. ^ "A Russian spy ship has been sailing around Hawaii for days". American Military News. 12 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
24. ^ "Состояние Разведывательных Кораблей Вмф России. Аналитика".
25. ^ "Russian forces in the Mediterranean - Wk04/2021". Russian Fleet Analysis. 26 January 2021.
26. ^ "Russian Warships Visit Port Sudan amidst Reports of Khartoum Suspending Naval Base Deal". defenseworld.net. 8 May 2021.
27. ^ "Russian Navy in the Adriatic sea. Why?". YouTube.
28. ^ "Russian intelligence ship Viktor Leonov arrives in Havana". Navalpost. 5 March 2020.

## External links[edit]

* Vishnya class Complete Ship List

* v
* t
* e

Soviet and Russian ship classes after 1945

Aircraft carriers|

* Moskva
* Project 1160P X
* ORELP X
* Kiev
* Kuznetsov
* UlyanovskX
* Project 23000EP
* Project LMAP

Battlecruisers|

* StalingradX
* Kirov

Cruisers|

* Sverdlov
* Kynda
* Kresta I
* Kresta II
* Kara
* Slava
* Project 22350MKP
* Project 21956MKP
* Project 23560 Skval

Destroyers|

* Skory
* Neustrashimy
* Kotlin
* Kildin
* Krupny
* Kanin
* Kashin
* Sovremenny
* Udaloy
* Project 22350M
* Project 21956P

Frigates|

* Kola
* Riga
* Petya
* Mirka
* Koni
* Burevestnik
* Gepard
* Neustrashimy
* NovikP X
* Admiral Grigorovich
* Admiral Gorshkov
* Rusich-1

Corvettes|

* Poti
* Pauk
* Parchim
* Nanuchka
* Tarantul
* Bora
* Grisha
* Mukha
* Buyan
* Steregushchiy
* Gremyashchiy
* Karakurt
* Derzky
* BrizP
* Rusich-1500P

P / M / T boats|

* Kronshtadt
* P 6
* Pr 123K
* Komar
* Osa
* Shershen
* Stenka
* Turya
* Pr 1204 Shmel
* Zhuk
* Mukha
* Matka
* MuraveyBG
* Sarancha
* SvetlyakBG
* RubinBG
* Project 22160
* Project 23550
* Pr 03160 Raptor
* BrizP
* OkeanBG
* Rusich-2400P
* Pr 133RA Antares-RA
* Pr 21980 Grachonok
* Pr 12260 Yastreb
* Pr 14310 Mirazh
* Pr 12150 Mangusta
* Pr 02800 DShL

Minesweepers|

* T43
* T58
* Yurka
* Natya
* Gorya
* Sasha
* Vanya
* Zhenya
* Sonya
* Yevgenya
* Alexandrit

Amphibious ships|

* Nosorog
* Tapir
* Ropucha
* Polnocny
* Dyugon
* Ondatra
* Serna
* Merkuryy Delfin LHD HC LAC P X
* Project 10200 Khalzan P X
* Project 11780P X
* Ivan Gren ° Andreev ° Kajman
* Priboy P
* Lavina P X
* Project 23900

Spy ships|

* Moma
* Marshal Krylov
* Primor'ye
* Balzam
* Vishnya
* Yury Ivanov

Air-cushioned landing craft|

* Gus
* Lebed
* Tsaplya
* Aist
* Zubr
* CzilimBG

Icebreaking patrol vessels|

* Ivan SusaninBG
* PurgaBG
* Project 23550

Other vessels|

* SSV-33
* Don
* Ugra
* Smolnyy
* Dunay
* Lun

Cancelled

Border Guard service

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