Wallace (New Zealand electorate)

Former electorate in Southland, New Zealand

Wallace was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was established in 1858, the first election held in 1859, and existed until 1996. From 1861 to 66, it was represented by two members. In total, there were 18 Members of Parliament from the Wallace electorate.

## Population centres

[edit]

The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853, based on the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 that had been passed by the British government. The Constitution Act also allowed the House of Representatives to establish new electorates, and this was first done in 1858, when four new electorates were formed by splitting existing electorates.[1] Wallace was one of those four electorates, and it was established by splitting the Dunedin Country electorate.[2] Settlements in the initial area were Invercargill, Gore, Mataura, and Riverton.[3]

This electorate was in the rural part of Southland.

## History

[edit]

The first election was held on 30 November 1859 during the term of the 2nd New Zealand Parliament, and was won by Dillon Bell.[4] The electorate was named after Scottish military hero William Wallace.[5]

For the term of the 3rd New Zealand Parliament (1861–66), it was a two-member electorate. From 1866 to its dissolution in 1996, it was a single-member electorate.[6]

In 1938 additional areas added from Central Otago and the West Coast made Wallace the biggest (non-Māori) electorate in New Zealand.[7]

In the 1996 election, the first MMP election, the electorate was combined with the adjacent Clutha electorate into the Clutha-Southland electorate.

### Members of Parliament

[edit]

Key

Independent Liberal Reform National

Single-member electorate
Election  | Winner

|

1859 election |  | Dillon Bell

Multi-member electorate
Election  | Winners

|

1861 election |  | Dillon Bell |  | Walter Mantell

Single-member electorate
Election  | Winner

|

1866 election |  | Alexander McNeill
1st 1869 by-election |  | Cuthbert Cowan
2nd 1869 by-election |  | George Webster
1871 election
1875 by-election |  | Christopher Basstian
1875 election |  | James Joyce
1879 election |  | Henry Hirst
1881 election |  | Theophilus Daniel
1884 election |  | Henry Hirst
1887 election |  | Samuel Hodgkinson
1890 election |  | James Mackintosh
1893 election
1896 election |  | Michael Gilfedder
1899 election
1902 election |  | John Thomson
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election |  | Adam Hamilton
1922 election |  | John Thomson
1925 election |  | Adam Hamilton
1928 election
1931 election
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election |  | Tom Macdonald
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election |  | Brian Talboys
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1978 election
1981 election |  | Derek Angus
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election |  | Bill English
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Clutha-Southland)

## Election results

[edit]

### 1993 election

[edit]

1993 general election: Wallace[8] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Bill English | 9,832  | 55.93  | −14.59
| Labour | Lesley Soper | 4,254  | 24.20  |
| Alliance | P J Horton  | 2,359  | 13.42  |
| Christian Heritage | J P Stevens  | 628  | 3.57  | −0.40
| Independent | M La Roche  | 217  | 1.23  |
| McGillicuddy Serious | Robyn West  | 201  | 1.14  |
| Natural Law | B Bull  | 87  | 0.49  |
Majority | 5,578  | 31.73  |
Turnout | 17,578  | 79.98  |
Registered electors | 21,977  |  |

### 1990 election

[edit]

1990 general election: Wallace[9] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Bill English | 12,243  | 70.52  |
| Labour | David Soper  | 3,357  | 19.33  |
| Christian Heritage | J P Stevens  | 690  | 3.97  |
| NewLabour | Marinus La Rooij  | 556  | 3.20  |
| Social Credit | J P Sawyers  | 366  | 2.10  |
| Democrats | P Miller  | 148  | 0.85  |
Majority | 8,886  | 51.18  |
Turnout | 17,360  | 82.56  | −3.91
Registered electors | 21,026  |  |

### 1987 election

[edit]

1987 general election: Wallace[10] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Derek Angus | 12,323  | 66.91  | +13.85
| Labour | Barry Julian  | 4,729  | 25.67  |
| Democrats | M J Radich  | 1,038  | 5.63  |
| Independent | Charmaine Smith  | 327  | 1.77  |
Majority | 7,594  | 41.23  | +11.29
Turnout | 18,417  | 86.47  | −4.71
Registered electors | 21,298  |  |

### 1984 election

[edit]

1984 general election: Wallace[10] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Derek Angus | 10,034  | 53.06  | +0.91
| Labour | Calvin Fisher  | 4,371  | 23.11  |
| NZ Party | Kevin Phillips  | 3,270  | 17.29  |
| Social Credit | J T Hicks  | 1,234  | 6.52  |
Majority | 5,663  | 29.94  | −4.03
Turnout | 18,909  | 91.18  | +1.90
Registered electors | 20,737  |  |

### 1981 election

[edit]

1981 general election: Wallace[10] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Derek Angus | 10,065  | 52.15  |
| Social Credit | Owen Horton  | 3,507  | 18.17  | +1.35
| Labour | Ernest Dix  | 3,143  | 16.28  |
| Independent | Aubrey Begg | 2,585  | 13.39  |
Majority | 6,558  | 33.97  |
Turnout | 19,300  | 89.28  | +13.55
Registered electors | 21,615  |  |

### 1978 election

[edit]

1978 general election: Wallace[10] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 9,253  | 49.47  | −15.07
| Labour | Jim Thomson  | 3,929  | 21.00  |
| Social Credit | Owen Horton  | 3,147  | 16.82  | +5.74
| Independent National | June Slee  | 2,199  | 11.75  |
| Values | C E Henderson  | 176  | 0.94  |
Majority | 5,324  | 28.46  | −14.71
Turnout | 18,704  | 75.73  | −9.45
Registered electors | 24,698  |  |

### 1975 election

[edit]

1975 general election: Wallace[10] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 10,433  | 64.54  | +12.34
| Labour | Ian Lamont  | 3,455  | 21.37  | +10.99
| Social Credit | Owen Horton  | 1,792  | 11.08  |
| Values | John Veitch  | 484  | 2.99  |
Majority | 6,978  | 43.17  | +23.33
Turnout | 16,164  | 85.18  | −2.22
Registered electors | 18,976  |  |

### 1972 election

[edit]

1972 general election: Wallace[10] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 7,640  | 52.20  | −4.37
| Labour | Ian Lamont  | 4,736  | 32.36  |
| Social Credit | F J Williams  | 1,382  | 9.44  | −5.65
| Liberal Reform | A G J McDonald  | 796  | 5.43  |
| New Democratic | I C Lumsden  | 80  | 0.54  |
Majority | 2,904  | 19.84  | −13.68
Turnout | 14,634  | 87.40  | +2.75
Registered electors | 16,743  |  |

### 1969 election

[edit]

1969 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 7,646  | 56.57  | +2.82
| Labour | J Robson  | 3,115  | 23.04  |
| Social Credit | F J Williams  | 2,040  | 15.09  | −4.58
| Country Party | R J Egerton  | 714  | 5.28  |
Majority | 4,531  | 33.52  | +6.34
Turnout | 13,515  | 84.65  | +0.03
Registered electors | 15,965  |  |

### 1966 election

[edit]

1966 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 7,841  | 53.75  | −9.71
| Labour | Aubrey Begg | 3,876  | 26.57  |
| Social Credit | F J Williams  | 2,870  | 19.67  | +12.01
Majority | 3,965  | 27.18  | −13.23
Turnout | 14,587  | 84.62  | −1.74
Registered electors | 17,238  |  |

### 1963 election

[edit]

1963 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 9,013  | 63.46  | −5.04
| Labour | John Reid  | 3,272  | 23.04  |
| Social Credit | F J Williams  | 1,088  | 7.66  |
| Liberal | V D Stevens  | 828  | 5.83  |
Majority | 5,740  | 40.41  | −4.31
Turnout | 14,201  | 86.36  | −2.20
Registered electors | 16,443  |  |

### 1960 election

[edit]

1960 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 8,786  | 68.50  | +5.56
| Labour | E Harris  | 3,050  | 23.77  |
| Social Credit | J P Stack  | 990  | 7.71  | +0.72
Majority | 5,736  | 44.72  | +11.84
Turnout | 12,826  | 88.56  | −1.90
Registered electors | 14,482  |  |

### 1957 election

[edit]

1957 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Brian Talboys | 8,266  | 62.94  |
| Labour | John Reid  | 3,947  | 30.05  |
| Social Credit | J P Stack  | 919  | 6.99  |
Majority | 4,319  | 32.88  |
Turnout | 13,132  | 90.46  | +2.15
Registered electors | 14,516  |  |

### 1954 election

[edit]

1954 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Tom Macdonald | 7,405  | 62.22  | −8.91
| Labour | J W Cleary  | 2,939  | 24.69  | −4.17
| Social Credit | S A Shaw  | 1,557  | 13.08  |
Majority | 4,466  | 37.52  | −4.75
Turnout | 11,901  | 88.31  | +0.68
Registered electors | 13,476  |  |

### 1951 election

[edit]

1951 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Tom Macdonald | 8,515  | 71.13  | +2.72
| Labour | J W Cleary  | 3,455  | 28.86  |
Majority | 5,060  | 42.27  | +5.44
Turnout | 11,970  | 87.63  | −3.94
Registered electors | 13,659  |  |

### 1949 election

[edit]

1949 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Tom Macdonald | 8,379  | 68.41  | +3.95
| Labour | Herman Victor Freeman  | 3,868  | 31.58  |
Majority | 4,511  | 36.83  | +7.14
Turnout | 12,247  | 91.57  | −2.28
Registered electors | 13,374  |  |

### 1946 election

[edit]

1946 general election: Wallace[11] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Tom Macdonald | 8,068  | 64.46  |
| Labour | David Johnston Munro  | 4,352  | 34.77  |
| Independent | Leslie A. Murrell  | 95  | 0.75  |
Majority | 3,716  | 29.69  |
Turnout | 12,515  | 93.85  | +2.11
Registered electors | 13,334  |  |

### 1943 election

[edit]

1943 general election: Wallace[12][13] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Adam Hamilton | 4,738  | 55.03  | +1.03
| Labour | John James Lynch  | 3,131  | 36.36  | −9.13
| Independent | Patrick McMullan  | 675  | 7.84  |
Informal votes  | 65  | 0.75  | +0.25
Majority | 1,607  | 18.66  | +10.15
Turnout | 8,609  | 91.74  | −0.96
Registered electors | 9,384  |  |

### 1938 election

[edit]

1938 general election: Wallace[14] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| National | Adam Hamilton | 5,353  | 54.00  | +3.34
| Labour | John James Lynch  | 4,509  | 45.49  |
Informal votes  | 50  | 0.50  | −0.08
Majority | 844  | 8.51  | −13.53
Turnout | 9,912  | 92.70  | +1.33
Registered electors | 10,692  |  |

### 1935 election

[edit]

1935 general election: Wallace[15][16] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Reform | Adam Hamilton | 4,674  | 50.66  | −17.16
| Labour | Lawrence Edmond  | 2,640  | 28.61  |
| Democrat | William Hinchey  | 1,821  | 19.73  |
| Independent Labour | Thomas Rewcastle  | 91  | 0.98  |
Informal votes  | 54  | 0.58  | −0.31
Majority | 2,034  | 22.04  | −13.60
Turnout | 9,226  | 91.37  | +9.06
Registered electors | 10,097  |  |

### 1931 election

[edit]

1931 general election: Wallace[17][18] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Reform | Adam Hamilton | 5,408  | 67.82  | +19.03
| Independent | Peter Gilfedder  | 2,566  | 32.18  |
Informal votes  | 72  | 0.89  | −0.19
Majority | 2,842  | 35.64  | +35.42
Turnout | 8,046  | 82.31  | −9.38
Registered electors | 9,775  |  |

### 1928 election

[edit]

1928 general election: Wallace[19] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Reform | Adam Hamilton | 4,360  | 48.79  | −4.66
| United | Walter Taylor  | 4,340  | 48.56  |
| Independent Liberal | George Pulley  | 139  | 1.55  |
Informal votes  | 97  | 1.08  | −0.28
Majority | 20  | 0.22  | −17.52
Turnout | 8,936  | 91.69  | +1.43
Registered electors | 9,745  |  |

### 1925 election

[edit]

1925 general election: Wallace[20] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Reform | Adam Hamilton | 4,001  | 53.45  | +5.19
| Labour | James Morris MacKenzie  | 2,673  | 35.71  |
| Liberal | George Shepherd Edie  | 432  | 5.77  |
| Independent Liberal | Peter Gilfedder  | 277  | 3.70  |
Informal votes  | 102  | 1.36  | +0.76
Majority | 1,328  | 17.74  | +14.87
Turnout | 7,485  | 93.12  | +5.02
Registered electors | 8,038  |  |

### 1922 election

[edit]

1922 general election: Wallace[21] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal | John Thomson | 3,646  | 51.13  | +2.02
| Reform | Adam Hamilton | 3,441  | 48.26  | −1.60
Informal votes  | 43  | 0.60  | −0.41
Majority | 205  | 2.87  |
Turnout | 7,130  | 88.10  | +5.37
Registered electors | 8,093  |  |

### 1919 election

[edit]

1919 general election: Wallace[22] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Reform | Adam Hamilton | 2,843  | 49.86  |
| Liberal | John Thomson | 2,800  | 49.11  | −9.37
Informal votes  | 58  | 1.01  | −0.01
Majority | 43  | 0.75  |
Turnout | 5,701  | 82.73  | −0.59
Registered electors | 6,891  |  |

### 1914 election

[edit]

1914 general election: Wallace[23] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal | John Thomson | 3,036  | 58.48  |
| Reform | Alexander Rodger  | 2,155  | 41.51  |
Informal votes  | 53  | 1.02  |
Majority | 881  | 16.97  |
Turnout | 5,191  | 83.32  |
Registered electors | 6,230  |  |

### 1899 election

[edit]

1899 general election: Wallace[24][25] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal | Michael Gilfedder | 1,896  | 53.06  | +26.73
| Conservative | Allen Carmichael  | 1,677  | 46.94  |
Majority | 219  | 6.13  | 3.71
Turnout | 3,573  | 78.05  | 1.46
Registered electors | 4,578  |  |

### 1896 election

[edit]

1896 general election: Wallace[26] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal | Michael Gilfedder | 756  | 26.33  |
| Liberal | Rev. Thomas Neave[27] | 640  | 22.29  |
| Conservative | Hugh Valentine | 585  | 20.38  |
| Conservative | Henry Hirst | 487  | 16.96  |
| Liberal | James Mackintosh | 403  | 14.04  |
Majority | 116  | 4.04  |
Registered electors | 3,927  |  |

### 1890 election

[edit]

1890 general election: Wallace[28] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal | James Mackintosh | 675  | 44.47  |
| Conservative | Samuel Hodgkinson | 497  | 32.74  |
| Independent | Henry Hirst | 346  | 22.79  |
Majority | 178  | 11.72  |
Turnout | 1,518  | 54.31  |
Registered electors | 2,795  |  |

### 1875 by-election

[edit]

1875 Wallace by-election[29][30][31] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Independent | Christopher Basstian | 57  | 48.72  |
| Independent | Robert Cameron  | 38  | 32.48  |
| Independent | Dr Francis Alexander Monckton  | 22  | 18.80  |
Majority | 19  | 16.24  |
Turnout | 117  |  |

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 29.
2. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 29f.
3. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 31.
4. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 183.
5. ^ "Exit Bruce: When an electorate is eliminated". New Zealand Parliament. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
6. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 275.
7. ^ "Alterations to Wallace Electorate". No. 4347\. Lake Wakatip Mail. 11 January 1938. p. 5.
8. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. pp. 131–2.
9. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. pp. 136–7.
10. ^ a b c d e f Norton 1988, p. 383.
11. ^ a b c d e f g h i Norton 1988, p. 382.
12. ^ "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
13. ^ "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Wallace". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 4637\. 7 October 1943. p. 5. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
14. ^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
15. ^ The General Election, 1935. Government Printer. 1936. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
16. ^ "Local & General". Western Star. 12 November 1935. p. 2. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
17. ^ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 5. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
18. ^ "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Wallace". Otautau Standard and Wallace County Chronicle. Vol. XXVII, no. 1349\. 15 December 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
19. ^ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 3. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
20. ^ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
21. ^ The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. 1923. p. 2. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
22. ^ Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
23. ^ Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. pp. 1–33. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
24. ^ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 3. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
25. ^ "Orepuki". Otago Witness. No. 2385\. 23 November 1899. p. 34. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
26. ^ "Otago". Auckland Star. Vol. XXVII, no. 305\. 23 December 1896. p. 6. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
27. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1905). "The Rev. Thomas Neave". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Otago & Southland Provincial Districts. Christchurch: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
28. ^ "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
29. ^ "The Wallace Election". Evening Star. 9 August 1875.
30. ^ "Wallace Election". Otago Witness. 9 August 1875.
31. ^ "Invercargill". The Evening Post. 9 August 1875.

## References

[edit]

* McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
* Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
* Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

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Māori
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* Eastern Maori
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Goldminers'
electorates|

* Gold Fields
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