Welsh exonyms

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2008)

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The modern Welsh language contains names for many towns and other geographical features in Great Britain and elsewhere. Names for places outside of Welsh-speaking regions are exonyms, not including spelling or pronunciation adaptations and translations of common nouns.

Names not in italics[clarification needed] are dated or obsolete.

## Argentina

[edit]

Argentina Yr Ariannin

English name  | Welsh name  | Spanish name  | Notes
Arroyo Pescado  | Nant y Pysgod | Arroyo Pescado |
Cajón de Ginebra  | Bocs Gin | Cajón de Ginebra |
Cerro Cóndor | Craig yr Eryr | Cerro Cóndor |
Cerro Trono de las Nubes  | Gorsedd y Cwmwl | Cerro Trono de las Nubes |
Chico River | Afon Fach | Rio Chico |
Chubut River | Afon Camwy | Rio Chubut |
Colonia 16 de Octubre | Cwm Hyfryd, Bro Hydref | Colonia 16 de Octubre |
Desvío km 22  | Tŵr Joseph | Desvío km 22 |
Dolavon | Dol Afon | Dolavon |
Estación Laguna Grande  | Llyn Mawr | Estación Laguna Grande |
Florentino Ameghino Dam | Yr Argae | Dique Florentino Ameghino |
Fuerte Aventura  | Caer Antur | Fuerte Aventura |
Laguna de Aaron  | Llyn Aaron | Laguna de Aaron |
Laguna de Agnia  | Llyn Ania | Laguna de Agnia |
La Angostura | Lle Cul | La Angostura |
Las Plumas | Dôl y Plu | Las Plumas |
Loma Blanca | Bryn Gwyn | Loma Blanca |
Paso de Indios | Rhyd yr Indiaid | Paso de Indios |
Pampa de Agnia  | Pant y Ffwdan | Pampa de Agnia |
Puerto Madryn | Porth Madryn | Puerto Madryn |
Rawson | Trerawson | Rawson |
Río Corrintos  | Aber Gyrants | Río Corrintos |
Tecka | Hafn Lâs | Tecka |
Trelew | Tre Lew(is) | Trelew |
Trevelin | Tre Felin | Trevelin |
Valle de los Mártires | Dyffryn y Merthyron | Valle de los Mártires |
Valle Frío  | Dyffryn Oer | Valle Frío |
Valle 16 de octubre  | Cwm Hyfryd/Bro Hydref | Valle 16 de octubre |
Veintiocho de Julio | Tir Halen | Veintiocho de Julio |

## Australia

[edit]

Australia Awstralia

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Australian Capital Territory | Tiriogaeth Prifddinas Awstralia | Australian Capital Territory  |
Kangaroo Island | Ynys Cangarŵ | Kangaroo Island
Karta Pintingga  |
New South Wales | De Cymru Newydd | New South Wales  |
Northern Territory | Tiriogaeth y Gogledd | Northern Territory  |
South Australia | De Awstralia | South Australia  |
Western Australia | Gorllewin Awstralia | Western Australia  |

## Belgium

[edit]

Belgium Gwlad Belg

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonyms  | Notes
Name  | Language
Brussels | Brwsel | Bruxelles
Brussel | French
Dutch  |
Flanders | Fflandrys | Vlaanderen
Flandres | Dutch
French  |

## Canada

[edit]

Canada

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonyms  | Notes
British Columbia | Columbia Brydeinig | British Columbia
Columbie Britannique  |
Newfoundland | Tir Newydd | Newfoundland
Terre-Neuve
Ktaqmkuk  | [1]
Newfoundland and Labrador | Tir Newydd a Labrador | Newfoundland and Labrador
Terre-Neuve et Labrador |
Nova Scotia | Yr Alban Newydd | Nova Scotia
Nouvelle-Écosse
Alba Nuadh
Nopa Sko'sia |

## Czech Republic

[edit]

Czech Republic Y Weriniaeth Tsiec

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Moravia | Morafia | Morava |
Prague | Prag | Praha |

## Egypt

[edit]

Egypt Yr Aifft

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Alexandria | Alecsandria | al-Iskandariyya (الإسكندرية) |

## France

[edit]

France Ffrainc

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonyms  | Notes
Name  | Language
Alps | Alpau, Mynydd Mynnau | Alpes | French  | [1]
Alsace | Alsás | Alsace | French  | [1]
Anjou | Angyw, Aensio | Anjou | French  | [1]
Aquitaine | Acwitania | Aquitaine | French  | [1]
Auvergne | Afarn | Auvergne | French  | [1]
Brittany | Llydaw | Breizh | Breton  | [1]
Bretagne | French
Bertaèyn | Gallo
Burgundy | Bwrgwyn | Bourgogne | French  | [1]
Champagne | Siampaen | Champagne | French  | [1]
Gascony | Gasgwyn | Gascogne | French  | [1]
Gasconha | Gascon
Gaskoinia | Basque
Hainaut | Hanawt | Hainaut | French  | [1]
Maine | Maen | Maine | French  | [1]
Normandy | Normandi, Norddmandi | Normandie | French  | [1]
Normaundie | Norman
Picardy | Picardi | Picardie | French, Picard  | [1]
Provence | Profens | Provence | French  | [1]
Savoy | Safwy | Savoie | French  | [1]
Strasbourg | Strasbwrg | Strasbourg | French  |
Straßburg | German

## Germany

[edit]

Germany Yr Almaen

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bavaria | Bafaria | Bayern | Bavarian, German  |
Cologne | Cwlen | Kölle | Colognian  |
Köln | German  |
Hamburg | Hambwrg | Hamburg  |  |

## Greece

[edit]

Greece Gwlad Groeg

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Aegean Sea | Môr Aegeaidd, Môr Egeaidd | Aigaio pelagos (Αιγαίο πέλαγος)  |
Athens | Athen | Athína (Αθήνα)  |
Cephalonia | Ceffalonia | Kefaloniá (Κεφαλονιά)  |
Crete | Creta | Kríti (Κρήτη)  |
Dodecanese | Y Deuddeng Ynys | Dodekánisa (Δωδεκάνησα)  |
Rhodes | Rhodos | Ródos (Ρόδος)  |
Thessaloniki | Thessaloníci | Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη)  |

## Israel/Palestine

[edit]

Israel Palestine

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Galilee | Galilea | HaGalil (הגליל)  | Hebrew  |
Jerusalem | Jeriwsalem, Caersalem | Yerushalayim (ירושלים) / al-Quds (القُدس)  | Hebrew/Arabic  |

## Ireland

[edit]

Ireland Iwerddon

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Cork | Corc | Corcaigh  |
Dublin | Dulyn | Baile Átha Cliath  | Welsh name derives from the older Irish name Duibhlinn.
Derry | Dinas y Deri | Doire  |
Ulster | Wlster; Wlaidd, Wledd, Wleth | Ulaidh  |
Wexford | Llwch Garmon | Loch Garman  |

## Italy

[edit]

Italy Yr Eidal

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Florence | Fflorens | Firenze | Italian  | [1]
Rome | Rhufain | Roma | Italian  | [1]
Sicily | Sisili | Sicilia | Italian, Sicilian  | [1]
Tuscany | Twsgani, Tysgani | Toscana | Italian  | [1]
Venice | Fenis | Venesia | Venetian  | [1]
Venezia | Italian
Vatican City | Dinas y Fatican | Civitatis Vaticanae | Latin  | [1]
Città del Vaticano | Italian

## Japan

[edit]

Japan Siapan

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Tokyo | Tocio  | 東京 (Tōkyō)  |

## Slovakia

[edit]

Slovakia Slofacia

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bratislava | Bratislafa  | Bratislava  | Slovak  |

## South Africa

[edit]

South Africa De Affrica

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Cape Town | Tref y Penrhyn  | Kaapstad, iKapa  | Afrikaans, Xhosa  |
Cape of Good Hope | Penrhyn Gobaith Da  | Kaap die Goeie Hoop  | Afrikaans  |

## Spain

[edit]

Spain Sbaen

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Balearic Islands | Ynysoedd Balearaidd  | Illes Balears, Islas Baleares  | Catalan, Spanish  |
Basque Country | Gwlad y Basg  | Euskal Herria, País Vasco  | Basque, Spanish  |
Canary Islands | Yr Ynysoedd Dedwydd, Ynysoedd y Cŵn  | Islas Canarias  | Spanish  |
Catalonia | Catalwnia  | Catalunya, Cataluña  | Catalan, Spanish  |
Galicia | Galisia  | Galicia
Galiza  | Galician/Portuguese
Portuguese  |
Valencian Community | Cymuned Falensia  | Valencia, València  | Spanish, Catalan  |

## Turkey

[edit]

Turkey Twrci

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Constantinople | Caergystennin  | قسطنطينيه (Ḳosṭanṭīnīye)
Κωνσταντινούπολις (Kōnstantinoupolis)
Constantinopolis  |
Istanbul | Istanbwl  | İstanbul  |

## United Kingdom (excluding Wales) and Crown dependencies

[edit]

United Kingdom Y Deyrnas Unedig

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Archenfield | Ergyng  | Archenfield  | English  |
Ballingham | Llanbugnal  | Ballingham  | English  |
Bath | Caerfaddon  | Bath  | English  |
Belfast | Belffast  | Béal Feirste  | Irish  |
Berwick-upon-Tweed | Caerferwig; Berwig  | Berwick-upon-Tweed  | Irish  |
Birkenhead | Penbedw  | Birkenhead  | English  |
Bishop's Castle | Trefesgob  | Bishop's Castle  | English  |
Bridstow | Llansanffraid  | Bridstow  | English  |
Bristol | Bryste; Caerodor | Bristol  | English  |
Cambridge | Caergrawnt  | Cambridge  | English  |
Cambridgeshire | Swydd Gaergrawnt  | Cambridgeshire  | English  |
Canterbury | Caergaint  | Canterbury  | English  |
Carlisle | Caerliwelydd  | Carlisle  | English  |
Catterick | Catraeth  | Catterick  | English  |
Channel Islands | Ynysoedd y Sianel  | Îles Normandes  | French  |
Cheltenham | Treffynnon [citation needed] | Cheltenham  | English  |
Cheshire | Swydd Gaer  | Cheshire  | English  |
Chester | Caer(llion Fawr)  | Chester  | English  |
Chichester | Caerfuddai [2] | Chichester  | English  |
Chirbury | Llanffynhonwen  | Chirbury  | English  |
Clyde | Clud  | Cluaidh  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Clyde  | English, Scots  |
Colchester | Caercolyn  | Colchester  | English  |
Cornwall | Cernyw  | Kernow  | Cornish  |
Coventry | Cofentri, Cwyntry  | Coventry  | English  |
Crewe | Cryw, Criw  | Crewe  | English  |
Devon | Dyfnaint  | Devon  | English  |
Doncaster | Dinas y Garrai; Caerdaun | Doncaster  | English  |
Dover | Dofr[3] | Dover  | English  |
Dumfries | Caerferes  | Dumfries  | English  |
Dùn Phris  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Durham | Dyrham; Caerweir | Durham  | English  |
East Midlands | Dwyrain Canolbarth Lloegr  | East Midlands  | English  |
Edinburgh | Caeredin; Dinas Eidyn | Dùn Èideann  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Edinburgh  | English, Scots  |
England | Lloegr  | England  | English  |
English Channel | Môr Udd  | English Channel  | English  |
La Manche  | French  |
Mor Bretannek  | Cornish  |
Exeter | Caerwysg  | Exeter  | English  |
Falmouth | Aberfal  | Aberfala  | Cornish  |
Firth of Forth | Moryd Gweryd, Aber Gweryd  | Linne Foirthe  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Forest of Dean | Cantref Coch  | Forest of Dean  | English  |
Foy | Llantiuoi  | Foy  | English  |
River Forth | Afon Gweryd[4] | Abhainn Dubh, Uisge For  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Glastonbury | Ynys Gwydrin, Ynys Wydrin  | Glastonbury  | English  |
Gloucester | Caerloyw  | Gloucester  | English  |
Gloucestershire | Swydd Gaerloyw  | Gloucestershire  | English  |
Guernsey | Ynys y Garn  | Guernèsi  | Guernésiais  |
Hebrides | Ynysoedd Heledd  | Innse Gall  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Hentland | Henlland  | Hentland  | English  |
Hereford | Henffordd  | Hereford  | English  |
Herefordshire | Swydd Henffordd  | Herefordshire  | English  |
Humber | Hwmbr  | Humber  | English  |
Isle of Man | Ynys Manaw  | Ellan Vannin  | Manx  |
Isle of Skye | Yr Ynys Hir  | Eilean Sgitheanach  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Isle of Wight | Ynys Wyth  | Isle of Wight  | English  |
Kenderchurch | Llancrug  | Kenderchurch  | English  |
Kent | Caint  | Kent  | English  |
Kentchurch | Llancein  | Kentchurch  | English  |
Kilpeck | Llanddewi Cil Peddeg  | Kilpeck  | English  |
Kington | Ceintun  | Kington  | English  |
Lancashire | Swydd Gaerhirfryn  | Lancashire  | English  |
Lancaster | Caerhirfryn  | Lancaster  | English  |
Leicester | Caerlŷr  | Leicester  | English  |
Leicestershire | Swydd Gaerlŷr  | Leicestershire  | English  |
Leominster | Llanllieni  | Leominster  | English  |
Lichfield | Caerlwytgoed  | Lichfield  | English  |
Lincoln | Caerllyn, Llyncwlen  | Lincoln  | English  |
Liverpool | Lerpwl, Llynlleifiad | Liverpool  | English  |
Loch Lomond | Llyn Llumonwy  | Loch Laomainn  | Scottish Gaelic  |
London | Llundain, Caerludd | London  | English  |
Long Mynd | Cefn Hirfynydd  | Long Mynd  | English  |
Ludlow | Llwydlo  | Ludlow  | English  |
Lundy | Ynys Wair  | Lundy  | English  |
Manchester | Manceinion  | Manchester  | English  |
Greater Manchester | Manceinion Fwyaf  | Manchester  | English  |
Marstow | Llanmartin  | Marstow  | English  |
Mersey | Merswy  | Mersey  | English  |
Merseyside | Glannau Merswy  | Merseyside  | English  |
Michaelchurch  | Llanmihangel  | Michaelchurch  | English  |
Much Dewchurch | Llandewi  | Much Dewchurch  | English  |
Much Wenlock | Gweunllwg  | Much Wenlock  | English  |
Nantwich | Yr Heledd Wen  | Nantwich  | English  |
Northwich | Yr Heledd Ddu  | Northwich  | English  |
Nottingham | Y Tŷ Ogofog  | Nottingham  | English  |
Orkney | Ynysoedd Erch  | Arcaibh  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Oswestry | Croesoswallt  | Oswestry  | English  |
Oxford | Rhydychen  | Oxford  | English  |
Oxfordshire | Swydd Rydychen  | Oxfordshire  | English  |
Pennines | Penwynion  | Pennines  | English  |
Penrith | Penrhudd  | Penrith  | English  |
Peterborough | Trebedr  | Peterborough  | English  |
Plymouth | Aberplym  | Plymouth  | English  |
Portsmouth | Llongborth  | Portsmouth  | English  |
Preston | Trefoffeiriaid  | Preston  | English  |
Ross-on-Wye | Rhosan-ar-Wy  | Ross-on-Wye  | English  |
St Weonards | Llansangwenardd  | St Weonards  | English  |
Salisbury | Caersallog; Caercaradog, Caergradwg | Salisbury  | English  |
Sark | Sarc  | Cerq, Sèr  | French  |
Scotland | Yr Alban  | Alba  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Scotland  | English, Scots  |
Sellack | Llansulac  | Sellack  | English  |
Somerset | Gwlad-yr-haf  | Somerset  | English  |
Shrewsbury | Amwythig  | Shrewsbury  | English  |
Shropshire | Swydd Amwythig  | Shropshire  | English  |
St Albans | Caermincip | St Albans  | English  |
The Stiperstones | Carneddau Teon  | The Stiperstones  | English  |
Stonehenge | Côr y Cewri  | Stonehenge  | English  |
Strathclyde | Ystrad Clud  | Srath Chluaidh  | Scottish Gaelic  |
Thames | Tafwys  | Thames  | English  |
Trent | Trannon  | Trent  | English  |
Ulster | Wlster; Wlaidd, Wledd, Wleth | Ulaidh  | Irish  |
Warwick | Warwig  | Warwick  | English  |
Warwickshire | Swydd Warwig  | Warwickshire  | English  |
Welsh Bicknor | Llangystennin Garth Brenni  | Welsh Bicknor  | English  |
West Midlands | Gorllewin Canolbarth Lloegr  | West Midlands  | English  |
Westminster | San Steffan  | Westminster  | English  |
Whitchurch | Yr Eglwys Wen  | Whitchurch  | English  |
Winchester | Caerwynt, Caerguint | Winchester  | English  |
Wirral | Cilgwri  | Wirral  | English  |
Worcester | Caerwrangon  | Worcester  | English  |
Worcestershire | Swydd Gaerwrangon  | Worcestershire  | English  |
The Wrekin | Din Gwrygon  | The Wrekin  | English  |
Wroxeter | Caerwrygion  | Wroxeter  | English  |
York | Efrog, Caerefrog | York  | English  |
Yorkshire | Swydd Efrog  | Yorkshire  | English  |

## United States

[edit]

United States Unol Daleithiau

English name  | Welsh name  | Endonym  | Notes
California | Califfornia[5] | California  |
New Mexico | Mecsico Newydd | New Mexico
Nueva México  |
New York City | Dinas Efrog Newydd | New York City  |
Pennsylvania | Pensylfania | Pennsylvania  |
Texas | Tecsas | Texas
Tejas  |

## Sources

[edit]

* Collins-Longman, Yr Atlas Cymraeg Newydd, ISBN 1-86085-377-3 (1999)
* Book of Llandaff
* Welsh Academy English–Welsh Dictionary

## See also

[edit]

* List of European exonyms
* List of European regions with alternative names
* List of European rivers with alternative names
* Names of European cities in different languages
* Welsh placenames
* Welsh place names in other countries

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Griffiths, Bruce; Jones, Dafydd Glyn (2003). Welsh Academy English–Welsh Dictionary.
2. ^ "Irac: AS yn galw am ymchwiliad". 27 June 2003. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
3. ^ Geiriadur yr Academi, p. 419.
4. ^ Crawford, O. G. S. (2011). Topography of Roman Scotland: North of the Antonine Wall. Cambridge University Press. p. 20\. ISBN 978-1-107-68473-7. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
5. ^ "BBC Radio Cymru - Byd Iolo, Califfornia".

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