Wicked (2024 film)

2024 American film by Jon M. Chu

Wicked

Theatrical release poster

Directed by| Jon M. Chu
Screenplay by|

* Winnie Holzman[a]
* Dana Fox

Based on|

* Wicked

* Stephen Schwartz
* Winnie Holzman

* Wicked
by Gregory Maguire

Produced by|

* Marc Platt
* David Stone

Starring|

* Cynthia Erivo
* Ariana Grande-Butera[b]
* Jonathan Bailey
* Ethan Slater
* Bowen Yang
* Marissa Bode
* Peter Dinklage
* Michelle Yeoh
* Jeff Goldblum

Cinematography| Alice Brooks
Edited by| Myron Kerstein
Music by|

* John Powell (score)
* Stephen Schwartz (score and songs)

Production
companies

* Universal Pictures[2]
* Marc Platt Productions[2]

Distributed by| Universal Pictures[c]

Release dates

* November 3, 2024 (2024-11-03) (State Theatre)
* November 22, 2024 (2024-11-22) (United States)

Running time

| 160 minutes[4]
Country| United States
Language| English
Budget| $150 million[5]
Box office| $178.7 million[2][6]

Wicked (titled onscreen Wicked: Part I) is a 2024 American musical fantasy film directed by Jon M. Chu and written by Winnie Holzman and Dana Fox. It is the first of a two-part film adaptation of the stage musical Wicked by Stephen Schwartz and Holzman, based on the 1995 novel by Gregory Maguire, which in turn is based on L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, its sequels, and its 1939 film adaptation.[1]

The film covers the musical's first act. It stars Cynthia Erivo as Elphaba Thropp and Ariana Grande-Butera[b] as Galinda Upland. Jonathan Bailey, Ethan Slater, Bowen Yang, Marissa Bode, Peter Dinklage, Michelle Yeoh, and Jeff Goldblum are featured in supporting roles.[8] Set in the Land of Oz, mostly before Dorothy Gale's arrival from Kansas, it follows the story of Elphaba as she embarks on her path to becoming the Wicked Witch of the West, and chronicles her unlikely friendship with her classmate Galinda, who later becomes Glinda the Good.

Universal Pictures and Marc Platt, who both produced the stage musical, announced their intention to make a film adaptation in 2012. After a long period of development and multiple delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Chu was hired to direct, with Erivo and Grande being cast in 2021. The film was split into two parts to avoid having to cut plot points and to expand the story of the characters’ journeys and the relationships between them. Principal photography on both films began in England in December 2022, was interrupted in July 2023 by the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike, resumed in January 2024, and was completed the same month.

Wicked premiered at the State Theatre in Sydney, Australia, on November 3, 2024, and was theatrically released in the United States on November 22. While the performances, the transition from stage to screen and the visuals were praised, the film's runtime drew some criticism. It has grossed $178.7 million worldwide on a $150 million budget. The sequel, Wicked Part Two, is scheduled to be released on November 21, 2025.

## Plot

[edit]

In the Land of Oz, the citizens of Munchkinland celebrate the recent death of the Wicked Witch of the West. Glinda the Good appears to confirm her death, and tells the Witch's story; she was born from an affair between Mrs. Thropp, the wife of the governor of Munchkinland, and a traveling salesman, and rejected from birth due to her green skin, resulting in a troubled childhood ("No One Mourns the Wicked"). When asked if she and the Wicked Witch were friends, Glinda replies that they knew each other and reflects on their past.

Years earlier, Elphaba Thropp arrives at the prestigious Shiz University to see off her paraplegic younger sister Nessarose ("Dear Old Shiz"), where the students mock her green skin. She meets a younger Glinda, then named Galinda Upland. Despite not initially being enrolled as a student, Madame Morrible, Dean of Sorcery, takes Elphaba under her tutelage after Elphaba unintentionally reveals her magical powers ("The Wizard and I"), and makes Elphaba and Galinda share a bedroom to the discontent of both ("What Is This Feeling?"). During the semester, Nessa befriends Boq Woodsman, a happy-go-lucky munchkin who has a crush on Galinda, while Elphaba encounters the rebellious winkie Prince Fiyero Tigelaar, with whom Galinda is in love.

Dr. Dillamond, a talking Goat and one of Shiz's professors, informs Elphaba that other talking Animals around the land are losing their civil rights and abilities to speak, fearing he may be next ("Something Bad"). Elphaba assures Dillamond that Oz's ruler, a wizard she idolizes and hopes may change her skin color, will handle the matter.

Fiyero soon arranges a night of clubbing at the Ozdust Ballroom. Galinda convinces Boq to take Nessarose so that she can go with Fiyero ("Dancing Through Life"). At the Ozdust, Galinda learns she will be allowed in Morrible's sorcery seminar at Elphaba's request as thanks for convincing Boq to ask out Nessa. Elphaba is ridiculed when she wears a hat Galinda gave to her as a slight; feeling guilty for mistreating Elphaba, Galinda dances with her ("Ozdust Duet") and later gives her a makeover ("Popular").

The next day, Dr. Dillamond announces his retirement due to the school board now disallowing Animals to teach. His replacement, the unscrupulous Professor Nikidik, attempts to do live experimentation on a frightened lion cub, but Elphaba, alongside Fiyero, intervenes, escapes from their school's campus and releases the cub back into the forest. After sharing a moment, Elphaba laments that Fiyero prefers Galinda over her ("I'm Not That Girl").

Elphaba receives a personalized summons from the Wizard, who has heard about her magical prowess. She and Galinda – who shortens her name to "Glinda" in honor of Dr. Dillamond's mispronunciation of it – journey to Oz's capital, the Emerald City, to meet him ("One Short Day"). After they greet each other ("A Sentimental Man"), he asks Elphaba if her heart's desire is to change her skin color, but she instead wishes to help the Animals of Oz. Morrible reveals she has traveled to witness Elphaba and the Wizard's first meeting. The Wizard and Morrible encourage Elphaba to read from the sacred Grimmerie spellbook. Her incantation makes the Wizard's monkey guards painfully sprout wings, much to the glee of the Wizard and Morrible, who are excited at the prospect of using them as spies. Elphaba realizes that they are the ones behind the Animals losing their humanity and that the Wizard does not have any real magic; Morrible used Elphaba's magic to unlock the Grimmerie's power and further subjugate the Animals to consolidate the Wizard's rule. Horrified, Elphaba flees as Morrible informs the Oz citizens that Elphaba is a "wicked witch".

Glinda follows Elphaba and implores her to reconcile with Morrible and the Wizard, but Elphaba decides to stop their plans. She bids an emotional farewell to Glinda, who supports her decision and confirms their deep friendship but stays behind, apprehended by the guards who interrogate her about her whereabouts so they can retrieve her. Elphaba uses the Grimmerie's flight spell to gain her ability to defy gravity using a broom and escapes from the city, evading the Wizard's guards and flying monkey guards after sparking a power outage throughout Oz ("Defying Gravity").

## Cast

[edit]

The film's principal cast (left to right from top left) includes Ariana Grande and Cynthia Erivo, Jonathan Bailey, Jeff Goldblum, Michelle Yeoh, Ethan Slater, and Marissa Bode.

* Cynthia Erivo as Elphaba Thropp, a misunderstood young woman born with green skin who later becomes the Wicked Witch of the West[9][10]
* Karis Musongole as young Elphaba[11]
* Ariana Grande-Butera[b] as Galinda Upland, a popular young woman who later becomes Glinda the Good[7][9][10]
* Jonathan Bailey as Fiyero Tigelaar, a Winkie prince who meets Elphaba and Glinda at school[12]
* Michelle Yeoh as Madame Morrible, the Dean of Sorcery at Shiz University[13]
* Jeff Goldblum as The Wonderful Wizard of Oz[14]
* Ethan Slater as Boq Woodsman,[15] a Munchkin in love with Galinda[10]
* Marissa Bode as Nessarose Thropp, Elphaba's paraplegic younger sister who later becomes the Wicked Witch of the East[16]
* Cesily Collette Taylor as young Nessarose
* Peter Dinklage as the voice of Dr. Dillamond, a Goat and history professor at Shiz University[17]
* Luisa Guerrerio was the movement artist for Dr. Dillamond[18]
* Bowen Yang as Pfannee, one of Galinda's college friends[16]
* Bronwyn James as ShenShen, another of Galinda's college friends[16]
* Keala Settle as Miss Coddle, the headmistress of Shiz University
* Andy Nyman as Governor Thropp, Elphaba and Nessarose's father and the Governor of Munchkinland
* Courtney-Mae Briggs as Mrs. Thropp, Elphaba and Nessarose's mother who dies after giving birth to Nessarose
* Colin Michael Carmichael as Professor Nikidik, a professor at Shiz University
* Aaron Teoh as Avaric, Fiyero's friend
* Sharon D. Clarke as the voice of Dulcibear, a Bear who helps deliver Elphaba during her birth and acts as a nanny to the Thropp family
* Madeline Wilson was the movement artist for Dulcibear[18]
* Jenna Boyd as the voice of Wolf Doctor, a doctor who helps deliver Elphaba during her birth[19]
* Sarah Mardel was the movement artist for Wolf Doctor[18]

Additionally, the Cowardly Lion makes an appearance as a cub. Dorothy Gale, a Kansas farm girl who is transported to the Land of Oz by a tornado with her dog Toto, is featured alongside the Scarecrow, Tin Man and an adult version of the Cowardly Lion in a brief cameo early in the film.[20] Robin Guiver performs the role of Chistery, the leader of the Wizard's monkey army and Elphaba's favourite winged monkey.[18] Stephen Stanton voices Fiyero's horse.

Multiple cameos take place during the "One Short Day" sequence. The original Elphaba and Glinda actresses, Idina Menzel and Kristin Chenoweth, appear as Wiz-O-Mania Super Stars. Former Fiyero understudy, Michael McCorry Rose, appears as the Wiz-O-Mania Narrator.[21] Book writer and screenwriter Winnie Holzman exclaims, "He can read it [the Grimmerie]! He must be a Wizard!" in a cameo during Wiz-O-Mania, and composer Stephen Schwartz cameos as the Emerald City Guard, who announces to Elphaba and Glinda that "the wizard will see you now".[22] Adam James and Alice Fearn appear briefly as Galinda's parents, nicknamed "Popsicle" and "Momsie" by Galinda.[23] Shaun Prendergast appears as Shiz President and Cherida Strallen as the Shiz Librarian.[24] Various notable West End actors also make cameo appearances in the film, including Kerry Ellis,[25] Luke Bayer, Georgina Onuorah, and Dianne Pilkington.[26]

## Production

[edit]

### Development

[edit]

Director Jon M. Chu (left) and composer Stephen Schwartz

In 2003, the Gregory Maguire novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, a revisionist exploration of the characters and setting of L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, was adapted as the Broadway musical Wicked. The musical was produced by Universal Pictures' stage division and directed by Joe Mantello, with musical staging by Wayne Cilento. The Broadway production has inspired long-run productions in Chicago, London, San Francisco, and Los Angeles, as well as Germany, Australia and Japan. It was nominated for ten Tony Awards, winning three, and is the 4th longest-running Broadway show in history, with over 7,500 performances, running for over 20 years. The original Broadway production starred Idina Menzel as Elphaba and Kristin Chenoweth as Glinda.

In a 2009 interview, Maguire stated that he had sold the rights to ABC to make an independent non-musical TV adaptation of Wicked. It would not be based on Holzman's script.[27] On January 9, 2011, it was reported by Entertainment Weekly that ABC would be teaming up with Salma Hayek and her production company to create a TV miniseries of Wicked based solely on Maguire's novel. No further information, such as casting, had been revealed yet.[28]

Chenoweth and Menzel were mentioned as possible film leads. Lea Michele and Amy Adams were also rumored to be potential leads. Potential writers included Winnie Holzman and Stephen Schwartz, while J. J. Abrams, Rob Marshall, James Mangold, and Ryan Murphy were mentioned as possible candidates for director.[29] In December 2012, following the success of Les Misérables,[30][31] Marc Platt, also a producer of the stage version, announced the film was going ahead,[32] later confirming the film was aiming for a 2016 release.[33] After a long development, Universal announced in 2016 that the film would be released in theatres on December 20, 2019, with Stephen Daldry directing.[34] By 2024, Holzman was credited as the sole writer.[35] In August 2024, it was determined by the Writers Guild of America that Dana Fox collaborated with Holzman on the screenplay and that Craig Mazin contributed additional literary material.[1]

### Pre-production

[edit]

In May 2017, Schwartz stated that the film would feature "at least two" new songs.[36] On August 31, 2018, Universal put the film on hold, due to production scheduling, and gave the film adaptation of Cats the release date formerly held by the film.[37] On February 8, 2019, Universal announced a new release date of December 22, 2021, for the Wicked film.[38] On April 1, 2020, Universal put the film on hold once again due to Universal shifting release dates amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, and gave Sing 2 the 2021 release date.[39] On October 20, 2020, it was announced that Daldry had left the production due to scheduling conflicts.[40] On February 2, 2021, it was announced that Jon M. Chu would take over as director. Serving as executive producers would be Schwartz, Holzman, Fox, David Nicksay and Jared LeBoff.[41] In August, Alice Brooks was confirmed as the film's cinematographer, after working with Chu before on the film version of In the Heights.[42]

The film's creative team (Left to right from top left) includes choreographer Christopher Scott, cinematographer Alice Brooks, costume designer Paul Tazewell, and make-up artist Frances Hannon.

In November, Ariana Grande and Cynthia Erivo were cast as Glinda and Elphaba.[9] Grande had previously performed "The Wizard and I", a song from the musical, in the NBC special Wicked 15th Anniversary. Erivo previously had performed "I Couldn't Be Happier", an excerpt from the song "Thank Goodness", in the PBS special Wicked in Concert.[43][44][45] It was reported that Grande auditioned five times for the role of Glinda.[46] Dove Cameron, Taylor Louderman, Renee Rapp and Amanda Seyfried also auditioned for Glinda.[47] In June 2022, Chu confirmed the hiring of Nathan Crowley as production designer.[48] On September 21, 2022, it was reported that Jonathan Bailey had joined the cast as Fiyero, beating fellow competitors Ryan McCartan (who played the role in 2018–2019 on Broadway), Nick Jonas and Joe Jonas for the part.[12][49] In October 2022, it was announced that Jeff Goldblum was in final talks to star as the Wizard.[50] Goldblum completed talks by December,[14] when Ethan Slater, Michelle Yeoh, Marissa Bode, Bowen Yang, Bronwyn James, Keala Settle, Aaron Teoh and Colin Michael Carmichael were added to the cast.[10][13][16] In April 2024, it was revealed at CinemaCon that Peter Dinklage had been cast as Dr. Dillamond.[51]

About preparing for the role of Elphaba, Erivo said to Variety, while expressing her desire to see the stage version on Broadway again before filming: "I'm relearning everything ... I want to go and see it again. ... When I get to New York at some point I'll pop in and see the show again, that'll be my fifth time." She also said at that time that discussions were underway on what the film will look like, particularly its production design and visual style, and confirmed the hiring of Paul Tazewell as costume designer. Her request to him for Elphaba's costume when she becomes the Wicked Witch of the West involved "a Jean Paul Gaultier collection with a 'new world, kind of gilded age' feeling".[52] Erivo also contributed to several other parts of Elphaba's appearance, notably her hair and nails (always important in Erivo's looks): "I knew I wanted [Elphaba] to have micro braids and I wanted her to have a full set [of nails] for two reasons: [they are] a nod to my culture and a nod to the world of Oz." She also stated: "I imagined that her nails were a part of her magic – that they just grew out of her and she hadn't yet discovered why, like her green skin."[53]

### Filming

[edit]

Principal photography was set to commence in June 2022 at the Sky Studios Elstree facilities in the United Kingdom.[54] In July 2021, Stephen Schwartz indicated there were plans to film in Atlanta that year.[55] On April 26, 2022, Chu announced the adaptation would be filmed in two parts, Wicked and Wicked Part Two, saying:[56]

> As we prepared the production over the last year, it became impossible to wrestle the story of 'Wicked' into a single film without doing some real damage to it ... As we tried to cut songs or trim characters, those decisions began to feel like fatal compromises to the source material that has entertained us all for so many years. We decided to give ourselves a bigger canvas and make not just one 'Wicked' movie but two! With more space, we can tell the story of 'Wicked' as it was meant to be told while bringing even more depth and surprise to the journeys for these beloved characters.

In June 2022, Stephen Schwartz confirmed that a new song would be written for one of the two films:[57]

> We found it very difficult to get past 'Defying Gravity' without a break ... That song is written specifically to bring a curtain down, and whatever scene to follow it without a break just seemed hugely anti-climactic ... Even as a very long single movie, it required us cutting or omitting things that we wanted to include and that we think fans of the show and the story will appreciate. What we have discussed is that changes need to be 'additive', to use (producer) Marc Platt's term. They need to add something to the story or the characters. They can't just be changes to do something different. I feel confident that by the time the movie is made, if we all continue to have the same degree of input, I could have a conversation with anyone who has a question about any of the changes made from the stage show and justify why I think it's better for the movie.

On July 18, it was revealed that with the filming process settled at the newly-built Sky Studios in Elstree, England, rehearsals would begin in August with principal photography beginning in November.[58] On December 9, Chu confirmed on Twitter that filming had begun.[59]

On September 23, Planning Statement, in support of a planning application submitted on behalf of Western Sky Limited, indicated that outdoor filming would occur at a site being developed at Ivinghoe Turf[60] in Ivinghoe, Buckinghamshire, UK. Early into filming, paparazzi from The Daily Mail were seen flying over the Munchkinland set by hang glider with GoPro cameras attached to their feet as Ariana Grande and the cast and crew filmed "No One Mourns the Wicked", the opening number of the first film. This resulted in the first pictures of Grande in full costume as Glinda being leaked online and sparking online hype and excitement for the adaptation. On this, Grande reflected during a conversation with co-star Jonathan Bailey in an interview for VMan: "I think we were very spoiled to have done this with him [Chu]. It felt like a teeny, little secret student thing — it's intimacy ... It felt so small and private until all of a sudden, we were outside, and the Daily Mail was hand gliding [sic] over our set — oh, he should play the pterodactyl in your film [Jurassic World Rebirth]."[61][62][63]

The original planned shooting dates were between April 6 and July 14, 2023, with principal photography set to wrap with the "One Short Day" sequence on July 25,[64][65] before filming was suspended from July 13 to November 8 due to the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike.[66] Filming resumed on January 24, 2024, and concluded on January 26, with Chu then revealing that the vocals of the actors during the musical numbers were recorded live on set, particularly at the insistence of Erivo and Grande.[67][68] Academy Award-winning production sound mixer Simon Hayes collaborated with Chu on the recordings of the actors' vocals, using a variation of the same recording techniques that were implemented on Les Misérables.[69][70][71][72] Chu also cited Steven Spielberg's 1991 film Hook as a source of inspiration for the film's use of large-scale sets and practical effects to bring the many elements of the Land of Oz to life, including nine million colorful tulips planted on location to surround the Munchkinland set, an actual yellow brick road paved on the ground with real mud and a life-size art deco-inspired train to transport Elphaba and Glinda to the Emerald City which he called "The Unlimited One".[73][74] Chu also cited the 1998 films Pleasantville and The Truman Show as influences on how both Wicked and Wicked Part Two thematically portray the Land of Oz, saying, "It helps create this idea of the rebelliousness that this new younger generation are discovering ... How far will that take everybody in Oz throughout the course of the whole story of both movies? It's an awakening of a generation. You start to see the truth about things that maybe you were taught differently."[75]

### Post-production and visual effects

[edit]

On February 6, 2024, it was confirmed on Twitter that Industrial Light & Magic and Framestore[76] provided the film's visual effects with Pablo Helman serving as production visual effects supervisor, and that post-production work was in progress, with Chu working remotely with editor Myron Kerstein via communication through the newly-released Apple Vision Pro.[77][78][79] Post-production on the first film was completed on September 19, 2024.[citation needed]

### Music

[edit]

Main article: Wicked: The Soundtrack

The soundtrack albums for both Wicked and Wicked Part Two will be released by Republic Records/Verve Label Group, Grande and Erivo's respective record labels, with the soundtrack of the first film being released on November 22, 2024.[80] In July 2024, it was revealed that John Powell had composed the incidental underscore for the film and will do the same for Wicked Part Two. Jeff Atmajian updated the late William David Brohn's original orchestrations for the songs and enlarged the orchestra from the stage version's original 23 musicians to 125 for the film.[81] The recording sessions for the music took place at AIR Studios in London,[82] with the musical's original music director Stephen Oremus conducting the song cues and Powell conducting the incidental score cues alongside Gavin Greenaway, all with the London Symphony Orchestra. Greg Wells, Oremus and Schwartz served as music producers.[83][84][85] The score album will be released on December 6, 2024.[86]

#### Musical numbers

[edit]

* "Overture" – The Wicked Orchestra
* "No One Mourns the Wicked" – Glinda, Frexspar Thropp, Melena Thropp, Traveling Salesman, Midwife and Ozians
* "Dear Old Shiz" – Students and Glinda
* "The Wizard and I" – Madame Morrible and Elphaba
* "What Is This Feeling?" – Glinda, Elphaba and Students
* "Something Bad" – Doctor Dillamond and Elphaba
* "Dancing Through Life" – Fiyero, Glinda, Boq, Nessarose, Elphaba and Students
* "Ozdust Duet" – The Wicked Orchestra
* "Popular" – Glinda
* "I'm Not That Girl" – Elphaba
* "One Short Day" – Elphaba, Glinda, Wiz-o-Mania Superstars and Ozians
* "A Sentimental Man" – The Wizard
* "Defying Gravity" – Elphaba, Glinda and Ozians
* "Part 1 Finale" – The Wicked Orchestra

The only song from the musical's first act cut from the film was the reprise of "The Wizard and I", sung by Elphaba and Madame Morrible the moment the former is given the invitation to meet the Wizard at the Emerald City.[citation needed]

Some songs from Part Two appear throughout the score, most prominently "For Good" whenever Elphaba and Galinda's friendship is seen or mentioned, "Thank Goodness" when Galinda changes her name, and "Wonderful" when Elphaba receives her invitation from the Wizard.[3]

## Stage-to-screen changes

[edit]

Splitting the film adaptation into two parts gave the filmmakers the opportunity to dive deeper into the relationships between the characters, and showcases scenes that were either created for the film or pulled directly from Gregory Maguire's 1995 novel and L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz to bring the story full circle. The films will delve deeper into the two main characters of Elphaba and Glinda, allowing film audiences to understand them better.[87] Various easter eggs and references to the 1939 film of The Wizard of Oz are also present.[3]

For the first film, changes include showing Elphaba's private tutoring sessions with Madame Morrible in learning how to control her powers, new flashback scenes depicting Elphaba as a child being ridiculed by the children of Munchkinland for her green skin and more moments to show the dynamic of her and Nessarose as sisters. Contrary to the book and the traditional casting of Pfannee as a woman in the musical, the character was gender-swapped to an Asian man. The film's biggest change involves "Dancing Through Life". Instead of the first part of the song taking place outside the Shiz University campus, it starts inside the university's circular, rotating library, complete with an added extended dance break. The Ozdust Ballroom portion of the number was both altered and expanded upon, reimagining the ballroom as what Jon M. Chu called a nightclub in "the underbelly of Oz", complete with a musical band with Animals playing instruments.[88] The musical number "Popular" is also extended with additional key changes and vocal extensions.[89]

The climatic shot of Elphaba letting out her signature "battle cry" at the end of the film's "Defying Gravity" sequence pays homage to the "cherry picker effect" used during the stage musical's version of the sequence.

The character arc of Boq is expanded upon for the film, complete with giving him the surname Woodsman. "Something Bad" is changed to a private meeting of Animals at Dr. Dillamond's home off Shiz campus. There, the Animals sing to each other about the state of Oz rather than to Elphaba directly as in the stage show. The climatic shot of the "Defying Gravity" sequence where Elphaba does her signature "battle cry" while high up in the sky at sunset with her billowing cape growing larger in size, pays homage to the famous "cherry picker effect" used to lift the actress playing Elphaba off the stage during the climax of the song. The sequence itself is also extended to make it work as the finale of the first film, leaving the audience on a cliffhanger with a "To be continued..." title card, setting up Wicked Part Two.[90][3]

## Marketing

[edit]

On April 16, 2023, first-look pictures of the film were released through social media, featuring Erivo's Elphaba and Grande's Glinda.[91][92] Work in process footage from the film, featuring first listens to Grande and Erivo's respective renditions of "Popular" and "Defying Gravity", was then presented at CinemaCon on April 26, 2023, introduced on stage by Universal Pictures chairwoman Donna Langley.[93] The first trailer for the film, in the form of a 60 second "First Look", premiered during Super Bowl LVIII on February 11, 2024.[94][95][96] The film returned to CinemaCon on April 10, 2024, to present new footage and marked the first time the cast and crew appeared together in public to promote the film. Costumes and props were also on display in the lobby of the venue during this event.[97]

A featurette featuring behind-the-scenes footage, and interviews with Chu, Erivo and Grande on how much Wicked and Wicked Part Two mean to them as a cinematic passion project, debuted at the 2024 NBCUniversal Upfront event at Radio City Music Hall on May 13, 2024, and was released online shortly after. The official 3-minute theatrical trailer for the film was released on May 15, 2024, followed by a version produced and animated entirely in the Lego brickfilm style on May 29, 2024. The Lego version was later attached to the theatrical screenings of the animated Pharrell Williams film Piece by Piece.[98][99] A behind-the-scenes television special, Defying Gravity: The Curtain Rises on Wicked, aired on NBC on November 19, 2024, to promote the film.[100] The network also hosted a promotional tie-in for the film during its coverage of the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris throughout the summer, with Erivo, Grande and Yeoh attending the opening ceremony, a viral video of the Emerald City's "Unlimited One" train cruising down tracks in front of the Eiffel Tower and extensive advertising during primetime coverage of the Women's Gymnastics event, with Chu and the cast in attendance at the Qualifying round.[101][102][103] On September 4, 2024, character posters were revealed ahead of the release of a new trailer the next day, which remixed "Defying Gravity" with Herbert Stothart's iconic "Wicked Witch/Miss Gulch" motif from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's now-Warner Bros.-owned 1939 film version of The Wizard of Oz.[104][105] After debuting in the Behind-the-Scenes TV special, the film's YouTube channel released the entire "What Is This Feeling?" sequence online on November 22, 2024 to coincide with the film's release. It would end up going viral with over a million views.[106]

A wide range of merchandising for the film across toys, apparel, books, beauty products, and accessories was released by Universal Products & Experiences ahead of the film's release. On the announcement, Vince Klaseu, president of Universal Products & Experiences, remarked: "It has been so fun to develop and expand the beloved story of Wicked and bring these incredible characters and worlds to life through magical products and immersive retail experiences; our global merchandise program across retail and theme parks reflects the film's empowering themes and bold iconography, paving the way for even more excitement in 2025 with Wicked Part Two ... Wicked is very special to us, and we can't wait for fans to embrace these inspiring characters this holiday season."[107][108] Universal had 450 promotional partners for the film, with a media value of $350 million, the most ever for a Hollywood theatrical film.[109] On October 1, Grande's cosmetics brand R.E.M. Beauty released a collaboration inspired by the film.[110][111][112][113] A 96-page Wicked-focused special-edition issue of People magazine, featuring exclusive cast interviews and pictures from production, was published on November 1.[114]

On May 15, 2024, the film launched an interactive website for Shiz University, allowing fans to apply for a 2024 semester at the college before August 15. In September 2024, influencers on various social media platforms started sharing their "acceptance letters and packages" from Shiz, containing a personalized acceptance letter from Madame Morrible herself, a map of the campus, a newspaper (reporting "Prince Fiyero spotted at Shiz"), a pin and a university jumper. Other fans who applied received their acceptance letters via email, with those applying late for the college being denied admission.[115]

On October 10, 2024, it was announced that the film would launch the "Journey Through Oz" Press Tour during the weeks leading up to the film's release with each city being transformed into some of the film's various locations: Sydney (Munchkinland), Los Angeles (Shiz University), Mexico City (Enchanted Forest), New York (Ozdust Ballroom), and London (Emerald City).[116]

### Poster criticism

[edit]

The film's promotional poster (left) featuring Erivo as Elphaba and Grande as Galinda that recreated the stage musical's original poster art (right), which led to many re-edits and parodies. One in particular becoming the source of controversy surrounding Erivo and her negative reaction to it.

On October 9, 2024, to coincide with tickets going on sale, a poster was released with Erivo and Grande as Elphaba and Glinda, respectively, recreating the original poster art of the stage musical.[117][118] Reception towards the poster was mixed, and it resulted in the creation of "fan edits" designed to bring the poster closer to the original art, using Adobe Photoshop and generative AI tools. The poster was also mocked with a video made with Runway AI to make it look like Elphaba and Glinda in the image were catfighting. It also became the subject of viral internet memes, with legitimate parodies replacing Elphaba with Charli XCX in a promotional image for her and Grande's remix of "Sympathy Is a Knife", Audrey II from the 2019 off-Broadway revival of Little Shop of Horrors and Jay Gatsby (as portrayed by Jeremy Jordan) from the 2024 Broadway musical production of The Great Gatsby.[citation needed]

On October 15, 2024, a Twitter user created their own edit, attempting to more accurately match the movie poster to the original theatrical poster, making edits by obscuring Elphaba's eyes, raising Glinda's hand to cover her mouth, and giving Elphaba smirking red lips. Although many fans considered it an improvement,[119][120] the following day Erivo shared a repost of the edited poster on her Instagram story, writing:

> This is the wildest, most offensive thing I have seen, equal to that awful AI [sic] of us fighting, equal to people posing the question "is your [pussy] green" [a reference to a 2014 meme[121]] ... None of this is funny. None of it is cute. It degrades me. It degrades us. The original poster is an illustration. I am a real life human being, who chose to to  [sic] look right down the barrel of the camera to you, the viewer ...because without words we communicate with our eyes. Our poster is an homage not an imitation, to edit my face and hide my eyes is to erase me. And that is just deeply hurtful.[122][123][124]

The user later deleted the post out of respect for the actress, saying their intentions were not malicious and they had not anticipated the reaction. However, on October 20, the user reposted their edit, saying while they felt Erivo was valid in her feelings, they stood by that the edit was "an innocent fan edit to pay homage to the original Broadway poster".[125][126][127][128] On October 19, during the 4th Academy Museum Gala red carpet arrivals, Grande responded to the controversy, saying, "I think it's very complicated because I find AI so conflicting and troublesome sometimes, but I think it's just kind of such a massive adjustment period ... This is something that is so much bigger than us, and the fans are gonna have fun and make their edits ... And I have so much respect for my sister, Cynthia, and I love her so much."[129] Erivo herself received backlash for lashing out at the fan, with fans and critics accusing her of overreacting and having an inflated ego. On October 29, Erivo was asked by Entertainment Tonight about the nature of her comments and responded to the backlash against her, and said "it wasn't necessarily a clapback ... Because I think I'm really protective of the role ... I am passionate about it, and I know that the fans are passionate about it, and I think, for me, it was just like a human moment of wanting to protect little Elphaba. It was a human moment. I probably should've called my friends, but it's fine."[130][131]

### Mattel dolls

[edit]

Mattel has produced a series of dolls for the film portraying main characters Glinda, Elphaba, Fiyero, Madame Morrible, as well as Nessarose in a wheelchair. In August 2024, two song snippets from the film ("Popular" and "Defying Gravity") were leaked, as through a sound chip in their line of singing dolls.[132][133]

In November 2024, the doll box[134][135][136] and the manual[137] for many dolls in the Wicked line were found to contain links to the website of the adult film studio Wicked Pictures (www.wicked.com) instead of the movie's own website (www.wickedmovie.com).[138][139] Mattel apologized for the error, and asked parents who had bought products with the incorrect website to destroy the packaging.[140]

## Release

[edit]

The State Theatre in Sydney, where Wicked held its world premiere

Originally announced as one film, Wicked was split into two films in April 2022.[56] The first half premiered in Sydney, Australia at the State Theatre on November 3, 2024,[141] with premieres that followed in Los Angeles at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion on November 9, 2024,[142] in Mexico City at the Auditorio Nacional on November 11, 2024,[143] and in London at the Royal Festival Hall on November 18, 2024.[144] It was theatrically released by Universal Pictures on November 21 in Australia[145] and Mexico,[146] and on November 22 in the United States, with engagements in RealD 3D, IMAX, Dolby Cinema, 4DX, ScreenX and D-Box. This was followed by its Polish premiere as the closing night film of the 32nd International Film Festival of the Art of Cinematography Camerimage on November 23, 2024, with cinematographer Alice Brooks and production designer Nathan Crowley (who will receive the 2024 Production Designer Award at the festival) in attendance.[147][148] Advance screenings of the film took place on November 18, 2024, for Amazon Prime members, and for the general public on November 20, 2024. These two screenings marked the only times during the film's theatrical release that most theaters across the United States were simultaneously able to show the film in IMAX, due to Gladiator II taking over most of those screens on opening weekend.[149][150] A sing-along version of the film will be released theatrically on December 25, 2024.[151]

The film was previously scheduled to be released on December 20, 2019, December 22, 2021, December 25, 2024, and November 27, 2024,[56] with the latter release date to avoid competition with Avatar: Fire and Ash and Sonic the Hedgehog 3 (the former of which was later delayed to 2025 after Thunderbolts*, and later Mufasa: The Lion King took its date),[152] before moving forward by five days to its current date to avoid competition with Moana 2, with the new date putting it against Gladiator II.[149] This sparked speculation on whether the film and Gladiator II sharing a release date could result in a scenario similar to the Barbenheimer phenomenon, which was a result of Barbie and Oppenheimer both being released on July 21, 2023.[153] On July 10, 2024, Gladiator II star Paul Mescal officially dubbed the pair-up as "Glicked" and voiced his support for the two films to be shown as a double feature, saying, "It would be amazing 'cause I think the films couldn't be more polar opposites and it worked in that context previously. So fingers crossed people come out and see both films on opening weekend."[154] Jeff Goldblum believed that there would be no competition between the two films, saying that "it's an abundance mentality world with enough to go around."[155] With the film being released two weeks after the 2024 United States presidential election, Marc Platt reflected on the story's increasing relevance in the current political climate, saying, "It's a significant election for both of us, but our story aspires to be about the distance people travel to connect with each other, about seeing the other as not the other, about living in a world where sometimes the truth is not real."[156]

A private screening of the film was held at the home of Kim Kardashian on October 22, 2024, exclusively attended by her family alongside Erivo and Grande.[157] Another private screening took place at the DGA Theater in New York City on October 28, 2024, attended by Erivo, Grande, Chu, Platt, Schwartz, original Broadway cast members Kristin Chenoweth, Norbert Leo Butz and Christopher Fitzgerald, members of the current Broadway cast, and other actresses who had played Elphaba and Glinda on Broadway and national tour over the years. The screening was preceded by a video greeting from Idina Menzel, who could not attend due to rehearsals being underway for the new musical Redwood.[158] A screening hosted by Anna Wintour was held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art on November 14, 2024, attended by the cast members of the film and other celebrities.[159] Screenings for the general public took place at the State Theatre in Sydney from November 20 through November 22.[145]

### Localization

[edit]

Ceci de la Cueva and Danna Paola (left) as Glinda and Elphaba in 2014, and Myra Ruiz (right) as Elphaba in 2016.

The film was released in a number of countries dubbed following the local productions of the original musical staged along the years.[160][161][162][163] In some dubbed versions of the film, the lead characters were voiced by performers who had previously portrayed them on stage in local productions. Danna Paola and Ceci de la Cueva in Latin American Spanish,[161] Myra Ruiz and Fabi Bang in Brazilian Portuguese,[162] and Park Hye-na and Jeong Sunah in Korean[164][165][166] all performed as Elphaba and Glinda respectively in the original local productions of the musical. Sabrina Weckerlin, who voiced Elphaba in German,[167] first played Elphaba in 2007 as an alternate in the original German production,[168] while Johanne Milland, who voiced Glinda in Danish,[169] is currently playing Glinda in the on-going Danish production of the musical.[170] Dutch actor Vajèn van den Bosch, who played Elphaba in the German production in 2021,[171] instead came back as Glinda in Dutch.[172]

Additionally, Willemijn Verkaik and Chantal Janzen, who had played Elphaba[173] and Glinda[174] in the original 2011 Dutch production of the musical, made cameo appearances in the Dutch dubbing of the movie.[175] In a few more dubbings, more cameo appearences were made with Menzel's character, as she was voiced not only by actors who had previously portrayed Elphaba in local productions, but especially in countries where the musical was never played, also by voice-actors who had previously voiced in different languages another major character in Menzel's career: Elsa, from Disney's Frozen. That's the case of Elke Buyle in Flemish,[176][177] Nikolett Füredi in Hungarian,[178][179] and Annika Herlitz in Swedish.[180][181]

Opposite to other localizations, which were based on previously existing theatrical versions of the show, two days ahead of the film's release, a first-time Norwegian production of the musical was announced to be in the making, and scheduled to premiere in 2025.[182]

### Home media

[edit]

The film is scheduled to be released on 4K Blu-ray on March 31, 2025 by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment.[183]

## Reception

[edit]

### Box office

[edit]

#### Pre-release sales

[edit]

Tickets for Wicked went on sale on October 9, 2024, the day after Paramount Pictures released their tickets for Gladiator II. On October 10, Fandango reported that the film became the site's number 2 first-day ticket pre-seller of 2024, behind Marvel Studios' Deadpool & Wolverine, as well as the best PG-rated first-day ticket pre-seller of the year and the number 3 best PG-rated first-day ticket pre-seller of all time, behind Frozen 2 and the 2019 remake of The Lion King (both from Disney).[184] According to Deadline Hollywood, Quorum projects Wicked to gross $67–74 million in its domestic opening weekend, while Box Office Theory projects it will gross $96–150 million and Boxoffice Pro projecting it will be $100–125 million, topping the box office ahead of Gladiator II. Initial skepticism was directed towards the notion that musical films post-pandemic would not be profitable.[185][186][187] By the week of its release, projections were raised to a $165–200 million worldwide opening (and $125–150 million domestically), with positive word-of-mouth and the film's awards season buzz cited as the reasons.[188]

#### Performance

[edit]

As of November 25, 2024[update], Wicked has grossed $128.3 million in the United States and Canada and $50.4 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $178.7 million.[2][189]

In the United States and Canada, Wicked made $46.47 million on its first day, which included $19.2 million from previews screenings in the week leading up to its release: $2.5 million on Monday, $5.7 million on Wednesday, and $11 million on Thursday. It debuted with $112.5 million in the United States and Canada and $162.9 million worldwide, topping the box office.[189] It was the largest opening ever for a film based on a Broadway musical, surpassing the $31 million domestic opening of Into the Woods (2014) and the $103 million worldwide opening of Les Misérables (2012).[190]

### Critical response

[edit]

The performances of Bailey, Erivo, and Grande (L:R) received praise from critics.

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 90% of 288 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.8/10. The website's consensus reads: "Defying gravity with its magical pairing of Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande, Wicked's sheer bravura and charm make for an irresistible invitation to Oz."[191] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 73 out of 100, based on 61 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.[192] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while those surveyed by PostTrak gave it a 92% overall positive score, with 80% saying they would "definitely recommend" it.[190]

The film was screened exclusively for influencers, awards season pundits and entertainment industry personnel on the Universal Studios Lot on October 16, 2024.[193] Early reactions were positive, with praise directed toward the performances of Erivo and Grande, the transition from stage to screen, and the visuals.[194]

Kyle Smith of The Wall Street Journal called it "the most entertaining film of the year and the most dazzling live-action Hollywood musical since Chicago."[195] Jazz Tangcay of Variety called the film "a musical masterpiece that is much more than we could have ever expected" and praised Chu's direction, the performances and the sets and costumes.[196] Antonia Blyth of Deadline Hollywood called it "a blast from start to finish" and "a delicious, hilarious romp that shows off Erivo and Grande's next-level talent and laugh-out-loud comedy chops. They serve up every number with surprises, delights and genuine depth." Journalist Scott Menzel deemed it as "one of the very best big screen adaptations of a Broadway musical ever." Erin Strecker of IndieWire was also positive, praising Grande's performance.[197][198] Gregory Ellwood of The Playlist singled out Grande as the film's highlight, saying "The pop megastar often delivers startling depth to her character before jumping into a musical number that will have you grinning from ear to ear. You sort of can't believe what you're watching."[199] Chris Murphy of Vanity Fair wrote: "The way that Glinda works in the story, it's so funny and there is so many comedic moments, but as it goes on she really becomes the unsuspecting heart and a really sympathetic character. Obviously it's only half the story, but there is a full complete movie arc in this one act."[200] James Berardinelli of ReelViews noted that "Although Wicked: Part 1 has its share of high points (some of which aim very high), the filmmakers seem to have embraced the concept of 'bloat' as a beneficial characteristic."[201] Christy Lemire of RogerEbert.com similarly said that "When it's all about the spectacle of big, splashy production numbers, this prequel to The Wizard of Oz is thrilling" but that "Far less effective is the way Chu...wedges in the movie's heavier themes of authoritarianism."[202]

Bailey was deemed a standout by Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian, writing that he "uncorks an outrageous scene-stealer as the hetero-camp Fiyero",[203] and by ABC News' Peter Travers, noting that his performance was a "display of song, dance and acting virtuosity".[204] "Dancing Through Life", his character's musical number, has been described as "the adaptation's biggest musical accomplishment" by Entertainment Weekly's Christian Holub.[205]

Gregory Maguire, author of the original novel (left), Idina Menzel (center) and Kristin Chenoweth (right), who originated the roles of Elphaba and Glinda on Broadway, praised the film.

In his introduction for the movie tie-in edition of the original novel, author Gregory Maguire commended the efforts of the filmmakers in bringing his story to the screen, and praised the performances of the cast, saying, "I watched Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande as the cameras rolled. Their ability to inhabit their characters – and Jonathan Bailey's ability too – were intimidatingly powerful."[206] Kristin Chenoweth, who originated the role of Glinda on Broadway, praised the film and was said to have been very emotional as the credits rolled, saying, "It is so good. It is so special. The story is so wonderful and Cynthia and Ariana are amazing. The whole cast is amazing. Jon Chu nailed it. I was so moved, emotional, happy, filled with joy."[207][208] Idina Menzel, who originated the role of Elphaba on Broadway, said on her Twitter page "The film is so loving and respectful of the original show, but then builds on it in so many beautiful ways I never thought possible. The cast is spectacular. Cynthia and Ariana will blow you away. Extremely moving and emotional for me."[209] Lorna Luft, one of the daughters of Judy Garland, who portrayed Dorothy in the 1939 film, called the film "breathtaking to look at" and "everything I wanted it to be".[210]

## Accolades

[edit]

Award  | Date of ceremony  | Category  | Nominee(s)  | Result  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

The Queerties | February 24, 2022  | Next Big Thing  | Wicked | Nominated  | [211]
March 12, 2024  | Nominated  | [212]
Astra Midseason Movie Awards | July 3, 2024 | Most Anticipated Movie  | Nominated  | [213][214][215]
Manaki Brothers Film Festival | September 27, 2024  | SUMOLIGHT Creative Synergy Award  | Alice Brooks (cinematographer) and Dave Smith (gaffer)  | Won  | [216]
Heartland Film Festival | November 18, 2024  | Truly Moving Picture Award  | Wicked | Won  | [217]
Hollywood Music In Media Awards | November 20, 2024 | Song - Onscreen Performance (Film)  | Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande for "Defying Gravity"  | Nominated  | [218]
Music Themed Film, Biopic or Musical  | Wicked | Nominated
Camerimage | November 23, 2024 | Production Designer Award  | Nathan Crowley | Won  | [219]
Astra Film Awards | December 8, 2024  | Best Picture  | Wicked | Pending  | [220]
Best Comedy or Musical  | Pending
Best Actress  | Cynthia Erivo  | Pending
Best Supporting Actor  | Jonathan Bailey | Pending
Best Supporting Actress  | Ariana Grande  | Pending
Best Adapted Screenplay  | Winnie Holzman and Dana Fox | Pending
Best Director  | Jon M. Chu | Pending
Best Cast Ensemble  | Cast of Wicked | Pending
Astra Creative Arts Awards | December 8, 2024  | Best Casting  | Tiffany Little Canfield and Bernard Telsey | Pending  | [220]
Best Cinematography  | Alice Brooks | Pending
Best Costume Design  | Paul Tazewell | Pending
Best Film Editing  | Myron Kerstein | Pending
Best Makeup and Hairstyling  | Wicked | Pending
Best Marketing Campaign  | Pending
Best Original Score  | John Powell and Stephen Schwartz | Pending
Best Sound  | Wicked | Pending
Best Stunts  | Pending
Best Stunt Coordinator  | Jo McLaren  | Pending
Best Visual Effects  | Wicked | Pending
Celebration of Black Cinema and Television | December 9, 2024  | Actress Award – Film  | Cynthia Erivo  | Won  | [221]
AARP Movies for Grownups Awards | January 11, 2025 | Best Screenwriter | Winnie Holzman | Pending  | [222]
Santa Barbara International Film Festival | February 9, 2025  | Virtuoso Award | Ariana Grande  | Won  | [223]

## Future

[edit]

### Sequel

[edit]

Main article: Wicked Part Two

The direct sequel, Wicked Part Two, is scheduled to be released on November 21, 2025, after previously being scheduled for December 25, 2025, and November 26, 2025.[224][225]

### Possible future installments

[edit]

In November 2024, Stephen Schwartz and Winnie Holzman stated they are talking about the possibility of "something" more associated with the series, but that it would not be titled Wicked Part Three or Four.[226]

## See also

[edit]

* List of films produced back-to-back
* List of films split into multiple parts

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Holzman is credited twice for writing the screenplay; first as a solo writer and as part of a writing team with Dana Fox.[1]
2. ^ a b c Ariana Grande is credited as "Ariana Grande-Butera", her birth name.[7]
3. ^ As a reference to the release year of The Wizard of Oz (1939), a recreation of the 1930s era "A Universal Picture" logo is used at the beginning of the film.[3]

## References

[edit]

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6. ^ "Wicked".
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## External links

[edit]

* Official website
* Wicked at IMDb

* v
* t
* e

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum

Books

| Novels|

| Baum|

* The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900)
* The Marvelous Land of Oz (1904)
* Ozma of Oz (1907)
* Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz (1908)
* The Road to Oz (1909)
* The Emerald City of Oz (1910)
* The Patchwork Girl of Oz (1913)
* Tik-Tok of Oz (1914)
* The Scarecrow of Oz (1915)
* Rinkitink in Oz (1916)
* The Lost Princess of Oz (1917)
* The Tin Woodman of Oz (1918)
* The Magic of Oz (1919)
* Glinda of Oz (1920)

|

Thompson|

* The Royal Book of Oz (1921)
* Kabumpo in Oz (1922)
* The Cowardly Lion of Oz (1923)
* Grampa in Oz (1924)
* The Lost King of Oz (1925)
* The Hungry Tiger of Oz (1926)
* The Gnome King of Oz (1927)
* The Giant Horse of Oz (1928)
* Jack Pumpkinhead of Oz (1929)
* The Yellow Knight of Oz (1930)
* Pirates in Oz (1931)
* The Purple Prince of Oz (1932)
* Ojo in Oz (1933)
* Speedy in Oz (1934)
* The Wishing Horse of Oz (1935)
* Captain Salt in Oz (1936)
* Handy Mandy in Oz (1937)
* The Silver Princess in Oz (1938)
* Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz (1939)
* Yankee in Oz (1972)
* The Enchanted Island of Oz (1976)

Others|

* The Wonder City of Oz (1940)
* The Scalawagons of Oz (1941)
* Lucky Bucky in Oz (1942)
* The Magical Mimics in Oz (1946)
* The Shaggy Man of Oz (1949)
* The Hidden Valley of Oz (1951)
* Merry Go Round in Oz (1963)
* The Forbidden Fountain of Oz (1980)
* The Ozmapolitan of Oz (1986)
* The Wicked Witch of Oz (1993)
* The Giant Garden of Oz (1993)
* The Runaway in Oz (1995)
* The Rundelstone of Oz (2000)
* The Emerald Wand of Oz (2005)
* Trouble Under Oz (2006)

Other books|

* The Magical Monarch of Mo (1899)
* Dot and Tot of Merryland (1901)
* The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus (1902)
* Queen Zixi of Ix (1904)
* John Dough and the Cherub (1906)
* The Sea Fairies (1911)
* Sky Island (1912)
* Little Wizard Stories of Oz (1913)

Characters|

| Baum|

* Dorothy Gale
* Toto
* Aunt Em
* Uncle Henry
* Princess Ozma
* Wizard of Oz
* Scarecrow
* Tin Woodman
* Cowardly Lion
* Glinda, the Good Witch of the South
* Good Witch of the North
* Wicked Witch of the East
* Wicked Witch of the West
* Billina
* Glass Cat
* Jack Pumpkinhead
* Jellia Jamb
* Jinjur
* John Dough
* Mombi
* Munchkins
* Nome King
* Pastoria
* Patchwork Girl
* Polychrome
* Queen Lurline
* Shaggy Man
* Soldier with the Green Whiskers
* Tik-Tok
* Winged monkeys
* Woggle-Bug

|

Post-Baum|

* Jinnicky the Red Jinn
* Kabumpo
* Peter Brown
* Elphaba

Elements|

* Land of Oz
* Emerald City
* Gillikin Country
* Munchkin Country
* Quadling Country
* Winkie Country
* Yellow brick road
* Deadly Desert
* Land of Ev
* Merryland
* Ruby slippers
* Silver shoes

Authors|

| Writers|

* L. Frank Baum
* Ruth Plumly Thompson
* John R. Neill
* Jack Snow
* Rachel Cosgrove Payes
* Eloise Jarvis McGraw
* Dick Martin
* Alexander Volkov
* Eric Shanower
* Gregory Maguire
* Sherwood Smith
* Roger S. Baum

|

Illustrators|

* William Wallace Denslow
* John R. Neill
* Frank Kramer
* Dirk Gringhuis
* Dick Martin
* Leonid Vladimirsky
* Eric Shanower
* William Stout

Related|

* Political interpretations
* Copyright status

Adaptations

| Stage|

* The Wizard of Oz (1902)
* The Woggle-Bug (1905)
* The Tik-Tok Man of Oz (1913)
* The Wizard of Oz (1942)
* The Wiz (1974)
* The Marvelous Land of Oz (1981)
* The Wizard of Oz (1987)
* The Wizard of A.I.D.S. (1987)
* Twister (1994)
* Wicked (2003)
* The Wizard of Oz (2011)
* The Woodsman (2012)

|

Films|

* The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays (1908)
* The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910)
* The Patchwork Girl of Oz (1914)
* The Magic Cloak of Oz (1914)
* His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz (1914)
* The Wizard of Oz (1925)
* The Wizard of Oz (1933)
* The Wizard of Oz (1939)
* The Wizard of Oz (1950)
* The Rainbow Road to Oz (unproduced)
* Return to Oz (1964, TV)
* The Wizard of Mars (1965)
* The Wonderful Land of Oz (1969)
* Ayşecik ve Sihirli Cüceler Rüyalar Ülkesinde (1971)
* Journey Back to Oz (1972)
* Oz (1976)
* The Wiz (1978)
* The Wizard of Oz (1982)
* Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz (1984)
* Return to Oz (1985)
* Dorothy Meets Ozma of Oz (1987)
* The Dreamer of Oz: The L. Frank Baum Story (1990)
* The Wizard of Oz in Concert: Dreams Come True (1995)
* Lion of Oz (2000)
* The Muppets' Wizard of Oz (2005)
* Apocalypse Oz (2006)
* After the Wizard (2011)
* Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz (2011)
* Dorothy and the Witches of Oz (2012)
* Oz the Great and Powerful (2013)
* Legends of Oz: Dorothy's Return (2014)
* OzLand (2014)
* Guardians of Oz (2015)
* The Wiz Live! (2015)
* Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz (2016)
* The Steam Engines of Oz (2018)
* Rainbow (2022)
* Wicked (2024)
* Wicked Part Two (2025)

TV series|

* Tales of the Wizard of Oz (1961)
* Off to See the Wizard (1967–68)
* The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1986–87)
* The Wizard of Oz (1990)
* The Wonderful Galaxy of Oz (1992–93)
* The Oz Kids (1996)
* Tin Man (2007)
* "Wizard of Odd" (2010)
* Once Upon a Time (2011–18)
* Lost in Oz (2015–18)
* Emerald City (2017)
* Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz (2017–20)

Books|

* The Wizard of the Emerald City (1939)
* A Barnstormer in Oz (1982)
* Mister Tinker in Oz (1985)
* Dorothy of Oz (1989)
* Sir Harold and the Gnome King (1991)
* Was (1992)
* Queen Ann in Oz (1993)
* The Magic Dishpan of Oz (1994)
* The Wicked Years series (1995–2011)
* Visitors from Oz (1998)
* Paradox in Oz (1999)
* Oz Before the Rainbow (2000)
* The Hidden Prince of Oz (2000)
* The Unknown Witches of Oz (2000)
* Bloodstained Oz (2006)
* The Secret Order of the Gumm Street Girls (2006)
* Dorothy Must Die (2014)
* The Wicked Will Rise (2015)

Comics|

* Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz (1904–05)
* Adventures in Oz (1986–92)
* The Enchanted Apples of Oz (1986)
* Oz Squad (1991)
* Lost Girls (1991–92)
* Dorothy (2004–07)
* The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (2005)
* Cheshire Crossing (2006–19)
* The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (2009)
* The Marvelous Land of Oz (2010)

Games|

* The Wizard of Oz (1985)
* The Wizard of Oz (1993)
* The Wizard of Oz: Beyond the Yellow Brick Road (2008)
* Emerald City Confidential (2009)
* Ripened Tingle's Balloon Trip of Love (2009)
* The Wizard of Oz (2010)
* The Wizard of Oz (2013)

Related|

* The Oz Film Manufacturing Company
* The International Wizard of Oz Club
* The Baum Bugle
* Oz Park
* Land of Oz
* Wizard of Oz festival
* Wizard of Oz Museum
* Oz-story Magazine

* Category

* v
* t
* e

The Wicked Years by Gregory Maguire

Books|

* Wicked
* Son of a Witch
* A Lion Among Men
* Out of Oz

Characters|

* Elphaba
* Glinda
* Wizard of Oz
* Boq
* Nessarose
* Cowardly Lion
* Dorothy Gale

Stage musical|

* Wicked
* album
* awards and nominations
* Wannabe Wicked
* A Very Wicked Halloween

| Film adaptation|

* Wicked
* soundtrack
* Wicked Part Two

|

Songs|

* "The Wizard and I"
* "Popular"
* "Defying Gravity"
* "As Long As You're Mine"
* "No Good Deed"
* "For Good"

* v
* t
* e

Stephen Schwartz

Awards and nominations

Music and lyrics|

* Godspell (1971)
* Pippin (1972)
* The Magic Show (1974)
* The Baker's Wife (1976)
* Working (1978)
* Personals (1985)
* The Trip (1986)
* Children of Eden (1991)
* Wicked (2003)
* Captain Louie (2005)
* Séance on a Wet Afternoon (2009)
* The Prince of Egypt (2017)
* The Queen of Versailles (2024)

Lyrics|

* MASS (1971)
* Rags (1986)
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1999)
* Thiruvasagam (2005)

Musical films|

* Godspell (1973, songs)
* Pocahontas (1995, lyrics)
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996, lyrics)
* The Prince of Egypt (1998, songs)
* Geppetto (2000, songs)
* Enchanted (2007, lyrics)
* Disenchanted (2022, lyrics)
* Wicked (2024, songs)
* Wicked Part Two (2025, songs)

Soundtracks|

* Godspell (1971)
* Pocahontas (1995)
* The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
* The Prince of Egypt (1998)
* Wicked (2003)
* Thiruvasagam (2005)
* Enchanted (2007)
* Disenchanted (2022)
* Wicked (2024)

* v
* t
* e

Films directed by Jon M. Chu

* Step Up 2: The Streets (2008)
* Step Up 3D (2010)
* Justin Bieber: Never Say Never (2011)
* G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013)
* Justin Bieber's Believe (2013)
* Jem and the Holograms (2015)
* Now You See Me 2 (2016)
* Crazy Rich Asians (2018)
* In the Heights (2021)
* Wicked (2024)
* Wicked Part Two (2025)

Portals:

* 2020s
* Film
* United States
* Speculative fiction
* Fantasy
* Music

*[Ref.]: Reference(s)
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*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template