William Thomson (bishop)

English church leader

For other people named William Thomson, see William Thomson (disambiguation).

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The Most Reverend and Right Honourable

William Thomson

FRS FRGS

Archbishop of York
Church| Church of England
Province| Province of York
Diocese| Diocese of York
Elected| 1862
Term ended| 1890 (death)
Predecessor| Charles Longley
Successor| William Connor Magee
Other post(s)| Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol
Personal details
Born| (1819-02-11)11 February 1819

Whitehaven, Cumberland

Died| 25 December 1890(1890-12-25) (aged 71)
Buried| Bishopthorpe
Denomination| Anglican
Spouse| Zoë Skene
Education| Shrewsbury School
Alma mater| The Queen's College, Oxford

"The Archbishop of Society"
As depicted by "Ape" (Carlo Pellegrini) in Vanity Fair, 24 June 1871

Memorial to Archbishop William Thomson (d. 1890) in the south transept at York Minster

William Thomson, FRS, FRGS (11 February 1819 – 25 December 1890) was an English church leader, Archbishop of York from 1862 until his death.

## Biography

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### Early life

[edit]

He was born the eldest son of John Thompson [sic] of Kelswick House, near Whitehaven, Cumberland, and educated at Shrewsbury School and at The Queen's College, Oxford, of which he became a scholar. He took his B.A. degree in 1840, and was soon afterwards made fellow of his college. He was ordained in 1842, and worked as a curate at Cuddesdon. In 1847 he was made tutor of his college, and in 1853 he delivered the Bampton lectures, his subject being The Atoning Work of Christ viewed in Relation to some Ancient Theories. These lectures established his reputation.[1]

### Career

[edit]

Thomson's activity was not confined to theology. He was made fellow of the Royal Society and the Royal Geographical Society. He also wrote a very popular Outline of the Laws of Thought (1842). He sided with the party at Oxford which favoured university reform, but this did not prevent him from being appointed provost of his college in 1855. In 1858 he was made preacher at Lincoln's Inn and a volume of his sermons was published in 1861. In the same year he edited Aids to Faith, a volume written in opposition to Essays and Reviews, the progressive sentiments of which had stirred up controversy in the Church of England.[1]

In December 1861 he became Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, and within a year he was elevated to Archbishop of York. In this position his moderate orthodoxy led him to join Archbishop Archibald Campbell Tait in supporting the Public Worship Regulation Act, and, as president of the northern convocation, he came frequently into sharp collision with the lower house of that body. But if he thus incurred the hostility of the High Church party among the clergy, he was admired by the laity for his strong sense, his clear and forcible reasoning, and his wide knowledge, and he remained to the last a power in the north of England. In his later years he published an address read before the members of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1868), one on Design in Nature, for the Christian Evidence Society, which reached a fifth edition, various charges and pastoral addresses, and he was one of the projectors of the Speaker's Commentary, for which he wrote the "Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels."[1]

See the Quarterly Review (April 1892).[1]

## Family

[edit]

His parents were John Thompson (sic, 1791–1878) and Isabella Thompson (–1847) On 24 July 1855 in Oxford, Thomson married Zoë Skene daughter of James Henry Skene (1812–), British Consul at Aleppo.[2][3]

They had the following children:

* Ethel Zoë Thomson (1856–), who later edited Thomson's Life and Letters.
* Wilfred Forbes Home Thomson (1858–1939)
* Jocelyn Home Thomson (1859–1908)
* Sir Basil Home Thomson, KCB (21 April 1861 – 26 March 1939), a British intelligence officer, police officer, prison governor, colonial administrator, and writer
* Zoë Jane Thomson (1862–)
* Beatrice Mary Thomson (1864–)
* Alexandra Thomson (1867–1907). Married Col. John Studholme (10 February 1863 – 26 May 1934)
* Madeline Ita Mary Thomson (1880–)
* Bernard Henry Home Thomson (1874–1924), his granddaughter is the author Rose Tremain, and his great grandchildren are Rachael Daniel, Tamsin Daniel, Cléon Daniel, and Sebastian Daniel.

## Notes

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1. ^ a b c d Chisholm 1911.
2. ^ Elsie, Robert. "1848 – James Henry Skene: The Albanians". www.albanianhistory.net. Archived from the original on 25 July 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
3. ^ "Kathleen Scott, Part One by Louisa Young". The History Girls. 27 May 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2015.

## References

[edit]

* Carlyle, Edward Irving (1898). "Thomson, William (1819–1890)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 56\. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
* Carlyle, E. I.; Matthew, H. C. G. "Thomson, William (1819–1890)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27330. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

### Attribution

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* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Thomson, William". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

## External links

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Media related to William Thomson (bishop) at Wikimedia Commons

Church of England titles

Preceded by

Charles Baring

|  Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol
1861–1862  | Succeeded by

Charles Ellicott

Preceded by

Charles Longley

|  Archbishop of York
1862–1890  | Succeeded by

William Connor Magee

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