World Figure Skating Championships

Annual figure skating competition

For the 2025 edition, see 2025 World Figure Skating Championships.

World Figure Skating Championships

Status| Active
Genre| International championship event
Frequency| Annual
Inaugurated| 1896
Previous event| 2025 World Championships
Next event| 2026 World Championships
Organized by| International Skating Union
The gold, silver, and bronze medalists in the men's event at the 2013 World Championships: Patrick Chan of Canada (center), Denis Ten of Kazakhstan (left), and Javier Fernández of Spain (right) The gold, silver, and bronze medalists in the women's event at the 2014 World Championships: Mao Asada of Japan (center), Yulia Lipnitskaya of Russia (left), and Carolina Kostner of Italy (right) The gold, silver, and bronze medalists in the pairs event at the 2015 World Championships: Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford of Canada (center), Sui Wenjing and Han Cong of China (left), and Pang Qing and Tong Jian of China (right) The gold, silver, and bronze medalists in the ice dance event at the 2017 World Championships: Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir of Canada (center), Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron of France (left), and Maia Shibutani and Alex Shibutani of the United States (right)

The World Figure Skating Championships are an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU). The first World Championships were held in 1896 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and they have been held ever since with only four interruptions. A separate competition for women was established in 1905, with the men's and women's events held as separate competitions for several years. Pair skating was added in 1908 and ice dance in 1952.

Skaters are eligible to compete at the World Championships, provided they represent a member nation of the International Skating Union and are selected by their respective federation. Skating federations have the liberty to make their own selections, but skaters competing at the World Championships must have earned the minimum required element scores. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The World Championships are considered the most prestigious event in figure skating,[1] second only to the Olympics.

The corresponding competition for junior-level skaters is the World Junior Figure Skating Championships. The corresponding competitions for synchronized skating are the World Synchronized Skating Championships and the World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships.

Ulrich Salchow of Sweden holds the record for winning the most World Championship titles in men's singles (with ten), while Sonja Henie of Norway holds the record in women's singles (also with ten). Irina Rodnina and Alexander Zaitsev of the Soviet Union hold the record in pair skating (with six), although Rodnina won an additional four titles with a previous partner. Lyudmila Pakhomova and Aleksandr Gorshkov of the Soviet Union hold the record in ice dance (with six).

The 2026 World Championships are scheduled to be held March 23–29 in Prague, Czech Republic,[2] while the 2027 World Championships are scheduled to be held March 15–21 in Tampere, Finland.[3]

## History

[edit]

The International Skating Union (ISU) was formed in 1892 to govern international competition in speed and figure skating.[4] The first world championships in figure skating, known as the Championship of the Internationale Eislauf-Vereingung, were held in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in 1896. There were four competitors and the winner of the event was Gilbert Fuchs of Germany.[5]

Since competitive skating was generally viewed as a male sport, the championships were presumed to be an exclusive male event. However, there were no specific rules barring women from competing. In 1902, Madge Syers of Great Britain entered the championships and won the silver medal.[5] The ISU Congress – the highest-ranking decision-making body of the ISU – considered gender issues at their meeting in 1903, but passed no new rules. The 1905 ISU Congress established a second-class women's competition called the ISU Championships, rather than the World Championships; its winners were known as ISU champions and not world champions.[5] Men's and women's events were generally held separately. The first competition for women was held in Davos, Switzerland, in 1906;[4] the event was won by Syers.[5]

The first competition for pair skating was held in Saint Petersburg in 1908.[5] Early championships for both women and pairs – previously called ISU Championships – were retroactively given World Championship status in 1924.[4]

In the early years, judges were invited by the host country and were often natives to that country. At the 1927 women's event in Oslo, Norway, three of the five judges were Norwegian; those three judges awarded first place to Norwegian competitor Sonja Henie, while the Austrian and German judges placed defending champion Herma Szabo of Austria first. The controversial result stood, awarding Henie her first world title, but the controversy led to the ISU introducing a new rule that allowed no more than one judge per country on a panel.[6]

The 1930 World Championships in New York City were the first to be held outside Europe and combined all three competitions (men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating) into one event for the first time.[4] Ice dance made its debut at the 1952 World Championships.[4] Compulsory figures were retired from the World Championships after 1990.[7]

Every four years, the Winter Olympics take place roughly a month before the World Championships, causing a number of Olympic medalists tend to miss the World Championships. Many skaters need time to rest due to physical and mental exhaustion, and some Olympic medalists chose to capitalize on their success by becoming professional skaters with companies such as the Ice Capades or Champions on Ice.[8] Prior to 1993, professional skaters were barred from competing at the Olympics by the ISU, so choosing to pursue skating professionally had once meant the end of one's competitive career.[9]

The World Championships have been interrupted four times in the competition's history: from 1915 through 1921 due to World War I;[5] from 1940 through 1946 due to World War II;[5] in 1961 after the crash of Sabena Flight 548;[10] and in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[11]

## Qualifying

[edit]

Skaters may compete at the World Championships if they represent a member nation of the International Skating Union and are selected by their federation. Member nations select their entries according to their own criteria. Some countries rely on the results of their national championships, while others have more varied criteria, which may include success at certain international events or specific technical requirements. All of the selected skaters must have earned the minimum total element scores, which are determined and published each season by the ISU, during the current or immediately previous season. Member nations may enter at least one competitor or team in each discipline; while a points system allows member nations to enter additional competitors or teams, up to a total of three per discipline, based on the nation's performance in that discipline at the previous World Championships.[12]

Age restrictions have changed throughout the history of the World Championships. Originally there were no age restrictions at all. For example, Sonja Henie of Norway – a three-time Olympic champion and ten-time World champion in women's singles – debuted at the World Championships in 1924 at the age of 11.[6] Beginning with the 1996–97 season, skaters had to be at least 15 years old before July 1 of the previous year.[13] However, the ISU allowed for two exception. Firstly, skaters younger than 15 who had already competed in senior-level international events could continue. For example, Tara Lipinski of the United States – the 1998 Olympic champion in women's singles who debuted at the World Championships in 1996 at the age of 13 – was allowed to participate at the 1997 World Championships, where she won a gold medal at the age of 14.[14] Secondly, skaters who had won medals at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships were permitted to compete as seniors at the ISU Championships.[15] For example, Sarah Hughes of the United States – the 2002 Olympic champion in women's singles – won the silver medal at the 1999 World Junior Championships, and was thus allowed to participate at the 1999 World Championships at the age of 13.[15]

At the ISU Congress held in June 2022, members of the ISU Council – the ISU's executive body responsible for determining policies – accepted a proposal to gradually increase the minimum age limit for senior competition to 17 beginning with the 2024–25 season. To avoid forcing skaters who had already competed in the senior category to return to juniors, the age limit remained unchanged during the 2022–23 season, before increasing to 16 during the 2023–24 season, and then to 17 during the 2024–25 season.[16]

## Medalists

[edit]

The reigning world figure skating champions: Ilia Malinin of the United States (men's singles); Alysa Liu of the United States (women's singles); Riku Miura and Ryuichi Kihara of Japan (pair skating); and Madison Chock and Evan Bates of the United States (ice dance)

### Men's singles

[edit]

Men's event medalists  Year  | Location  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

1896 |  St. Petersburg |  Gilbert Fuchs |  Gustav Hügel |  Georg Sanders | [17]
1897 |  Stockholm |  Gustav Hügel |  Ulrich Salchow |  Johan Lefstad
1898 |  London |  Henning Grenander |  Gustav Hügel |  Gilbert Fuchs
1899 |  Davos |  Gustav Hügel |  Ulrich Salchow |  Edgar Syers
1900 |  Davos |  Gustav Hügel |  Ulrich Salchow | No other competitors
1901 |  Stockholm |  Ulrich Salchow |  Gilbert Fuchs
1902 |  London |  Ulrich Salchow |  Madge Syers |  Martin Gordan
1903 |  St. Petersburg |  Ulrich Salchow |  Nikolai Panin Kolomenkin |  Max Bohatsch
1904 |  Berlin |  Ulrich Salchow |  Heinrich Burger |  Martin Gordan
1905 |  Stockholm |  Ulrich Salchow |  Max Bohatsch |  Per Thorén
1906 |  Munich |  Gilbert Fuchs |  Heinrich Burger |  Bror Meyer
1907 |  Vienna |  Ulrich Salchow |  Max Bohatsch |  Gilbert Fuchs
1908 |  Troppau |  Ulrich Salchow |  Gilbert Fuchs |  Heinrich Burger
1909 |  Stockholm |  Ulrich Salchow |  Per Thorén |  Ernst Herz
1910 |  Davos |  Ulrich Salchow |  Werner Rittberger |  Andor Szende
1911 |  Berlin |  Ulrich Salchow |  Werner Rittberger |  Fritz Kachler
1912 |  Manchester |  Fritz Kachler |  Werner Rittberger |  Andor Szende
1913 |  Vienna |  Fritz Kachler |  Willy Böckl |  Andor Szende
1914 |  Helsinki |  Gösta Sandahl |  Fritz Kachler |  Willy Böckl
1915–21  | No competitions due to World War I
1922 |  Stockholm |  Gillis Grafström |  Fritz Kachler |  Willy Böckl
1923 |  Vienna |  Fritz Kachler |  Willy Böckl |  Gösta Sandahl
1924 |  Manchester |  Gillis Grafström |  Willy Böckl |  Ernst Oppacher
1925 |  Vienna |  Willy Böckl |  Fritz Kachler |  Otto Preißecker
1926 |  Berlin |  Willy Böckl |  Otto Preißecker |  John Page
1927 |  Davos |  Willy Böckl |  Otto Preißecker |  Karl Schäfer
1928 |  Berlin |  Willy Böckl |  Karl Schäfer |  Hugo Distler
1929 |  London |  Gillis Grafström |  Karl Schäfer |  Ludwig Wrede
1930 |  New York City |  Karl Schäfer |  Roger Turner |  Georges Gautschi
1931 |  Berlin |  Karl Schäfer |  Roger Turner |  Ernst Baier
1932 |  Montreal |  Karl Schäfer |  Montgomery Wilson |  Ernst Baier
1933 |  Zürich |  Karl Schäfer |  Ernst Baier |  Marcus Nikkanen
1934 |  Stockholm |  Karl Schäfer |  Ernst Baier |  Erich Erdös
1935 |  Budapest |  Karl Schäfer |  Jack Dunn |  Dénes Pataky
1936 |  Paris |  Karl Schäfer |  Graham Sharp |  Felix Kaspar
1937 |  Vienna |  Felix Kaspar |  Graham Sharp |  Elemér Terták
1938 |  Berlin |  Felix Kaspar |  Graham Sharp |  Herbert Alward
1939 |  Budapest |  Graham Sharp |  Freddie Tomlins |  Horst Faber
1940–46 | No competitions due to World War II
1947 |  Stockholm |  Hans Gerschwiler |  Dick Button |  Arthur Apfel
1948 |  Davos |  Dick Button |  Hans Gerschwiler |  Ede Király
1949 |  Paris |  Dick Button |  Ede Király |  Edi Rada
1950 |  London |  Dick Button |  Ede Király |  Hayes Alan Jenkins
1951 |  Milan |  Dick Button |  James Grogan |  Hellmut Seibt
1952 |  Paris |  Dick Button |  James Grogan |  Hayes Alan Jenkins
1953 |  Davos |  Hayes Alan Jenkins |  James Grogan |  Carlo Fassi
1954 |  Oslo |  Hayes Alan Jenkins |  James Grogan |  Alain Giletti
1955 |  Vienna |  Hayes Alan Jenkins |  Ronnie Robertson |  David Jenkins
1956 |  Garmisch-Partenkirchen |  Hayes Alan Jenkins |  Ronnie Robertson |  David Jenkins
1957 |  Colorado Springs |  David Jenkins |  Tim Brown |  Charles Snelling
1958 |  Paris |  David Jenkins |  Tim Brown |  Alain Giletti
1959 |  Colorado Springs |  David Jenkins |  Donald Jackson |  Tim Brown
1960 |  Vancouver |  Alain Giletti |  Donald Jackson |  Alain Calmat
1961  |  Prague | Competition cancelled due to the crash of Sabena Flight 548
1962 |  Donald Jackson |  Karol Divín |  Alain Calmat
1963 |  Cortina d'Ampezzo |  Donald McPherson |  Alain Calmat |  Manfred Schnelldorfer
1964 |  Dortmund |  Manfred Schnelldorfer |  Alain Calmat |  Karol Divín
1965 |  Colorado Springs |  Alain Calmat |  Scott Allen |  Donald Knight
1966 |  Davos |  Emmerich Danzer |  Wolfgang Schwarz |  Gary Visconti
1967 |  Vienna |  Emmerich Danzer |  Wolfgang Schwarz |  Gary Visconti
1968 |  Geneva |  Emmerich Danzer |  Tim Wood |  Patrick Péra
1969 |  Colorado Springs |  Tim Wood |  Ondrej Nepela |  Patrick Péra
1970 |  Ljubljana |  Tim Wood |  Ondrej Nepela |  Günter Zöller
1971 |  Lyon |  Ondrej Nepela |  Patrick Péra |  Sergei Chetverukhin
1972 |  Calgary |  Ondrej Nepela |  Sergei Chetverukhin |  Vladimir Kovalyov
1973 |  Bratislava |  Ondrej Nepela |  Sergei Chetverukhin |  Jan Hoffmann
1974 |  Munich |  Jan Hoffmann |  Sergei Volkov |  Toller Cranston
1975 |  Colorado Springs |  Sergei Volkov |  Vladimir Kovalyov |  John Curry
1976 |  Gothenburg |  John Curry |  Vladimir Kovalyov |  Jan Hoffmann
1977 |  Tokyo |  Vladimir Kovalyov |  Jan Hoffmann |  Minoru Sano
1978 |  Ottawa |  Charles Tickner |  Jan Hoffmann |  Robin Cousins
1979 |  Vienna |  Vladimir Kovalyov |  Robin Cousins |  Jan Hoffmann
1980 |  Dortmund |  Jan Hoffmann |  Robin Cousins |  Charles Tickner
1981 |  Hartford |  Scott Hamilton |  David Santee |  Igor Bobrin
1982 |  Copenhagen |  Scott Hamilton |  Norbert Schramm |  Brian Pockar
1983 |  Helsinki |  Scott Hamilton |  Norbert Schramm |  Brian Orser
1984 |  Ottawa |  Scott Hamilton |  Brian Orser |  Alexandre Fadeev
1985 |  Tokyo |  Alexandre Fadeev |  Brian Orser |  Brian Boitano
1986 |  Geneva |  Brian Boitano |  Brian Orser |  Alexandre Fadeev
1987 |  Cincinnati |  Brian Orser |  Brian Boitano |  Alexandre Fadeev
1988 |  Budapest |  Brian Boitano |  Brian Orser |  Viktor Petrenko
1989 |  Paris |  Kurt Browning |  Christopher Bowman |  Grzegorz Filipowski
1990 |  Halifax |  Kurt Browning |  Viktor Petrenko |  Christopher Bowman
1991 |  Munich |  Kurt Browning |  Viktor Petrenko |  Todd Eldredge
1992 |  Oakland |  Viktor Petrenko |  Kurt Browning |  Elvis Stojko
1993 |  Prague |  Kurt Browning |  Elvis Stojko |  Alexei Urmanov
1994 |  Chiba |  Elvis Stojko |  Philippe Candeloro |  Vyacheslav Zahorodnyuk
1995 |  Birmingham |  Elvis Stojko |  Todd Eldredge |  Philippe Candeloro
1996 |  Edmonton |  Todd Eldredge |  Ilia Kulik |  Rudy Galindo
1997 |  Lausanne |  Elvis Stojko |  Todd Eldredge |  Alexei Yagudin
1998 |  Minneapolis |  Alexei Yagudin |  Todd Eldredge |  Evgeni Plushenko
1999 |  Helsinki |  Alexei Yagudin |  Evgeni Plushenko |  Michael Weiss
2000 |  Nice |  Alexei Yagudin |  Elvis Stojko |  Michael Weiss
2001 |  Vancouver |  Evgeni Plushenko |  Alexei Yagudin |  Todd Eldredge | [18]
2002 |  Nagano |  Alexei Yagudin |  Timothy Goebel |  Takeshi Honda | [19]
2003 |  Washington, D.C. |  Evgeni Plushenko |  Timothy Goebel |  Takeshi Honda | [20]
2004 |  Dortmund |  Evgeni Plushenko |  Brian Joubert |  Stefan Lindemann | [21]
2005 |  Moscow |  Stéphane Lambiel |  Jeffrey Buttle |  Evan Lysacek | [22]
2006 |  Calgary |  Stéphane Lambiel |  Brian Joubert |  Evan Lysacek | [23]
2007 |  Tokyo |  Brian Joubert |  Daisuke Takahashi |  Stéphane Lambiel | [24]
2008 |  Gothenburg |  Jeffrey Buttle |  Brian Joubert |  Johnny Weir | [25]
2009 |  Los Angeles |  Evan Lysacek |  Patrick Chan |  Brian Joubert | [26]
2010 |  Turin |  Daisuke Takahashi |  Patrick Chan |  Brian Joubert | [27]
2011 |  Moscow |  Patrick Chan |  Takahiko Kozuka |  Artur Gachinski | [28]
2012 |  Nice |  Patrick Chan |  Daisuke Takahashi |  Yuzuru Hanyu | [29]
2013 |  London |  Patrick Chan |  Denis Ten |  Javier Fernández | [30]
2014 |  Saitama |  Yuzuru Hanyu |  Tatsuki Machida |  Javier Fernández | [31]
2015 |  Shanghai |  Javier Fernández |  Yuzuru Hanyu |  Denis Ten | [32]
2016 |  Boston |  Javier Fernández |  Yuzuru Hanyu |  Jin Boyang | [33]
2017 |  Helsinki |  Yuzuru Hanyu |  Shoma Uno |  Jin Boyang | [34]
2018 |  Milan |  Nathan Chen |  Shoma Uno |  Mikhail Kolyada | [35]
2019 |  Saitama |  Nathan Chen |  Yuzuru Hanyu |  Vincent Zhou | [36]
2020 |  Montreal | Competition cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | [37]
2021 |  Stockholm |  Nathan Chen |  Yuma Kagiyama |  Yuzuru Hanyu | [38]
2022 |  Montpellier |  Shoma Uno |  Yuma Kagiyama |  Vincent Zhou | [39]
2023 |  Saitama |  Shoma Uno |  Cha Jun-hwan |  Ilia Malinin | [40]
2024 |  Montreal |  Ilia Malinin |  Yuma Kagiyama |  Adam Siao Him Fa | [41]
2025 |  Boston |  Ilia Malinin |  Mikhail Shaidorov |  Yuma Kagiyama | [42]

### Women's singles

[edit]

Women's event medalists  Year  | Location  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

1906 |  Davos |  Madge Syers |  Jenny Herz |  Lily Kronberger | [43]
1907 |  Vienna |  Madge Syers |  Jenny Herz |  Lily Kronberger
1908 |  Troppau |  Lily Kronberger |  Elsa Rendschmidt | No other competitors
1909 |  Budapest |  Lily Kronberger | No other competitors
1910 |  Berlin |  Lily Kronberger |  Elsa Rendschmidt | No other competitors
1911 |  Vienna |  Lily Kronberger |  Opika von Méray Horváth |  Ludowika Eilers
1912 |  Davos |  Opika von Méray Horváth |  Dorothy Greenhough-Smith |  Phyllis Johnson
1913 |  Stockholm |  Opika von Méray Horváth |  Phyllis Johnson |  Svea Norén
1914 |  St. Moritz |  Opika von Méray Horváth |  Angela Hanka |  Phyllis Johnson
1915–21 | No competitions due to World War I
1922 |  Stockholm |  Herma Szabo |  Svea Norén |  Margot Moe
1923 |  Vienna |  Herma Szabo |  Gisela Reichmann |  Svea Norén
1924 |  Kristiania |  Herma Szabo |  Ellen Brockhöft |  Beatrix Loughran
1925 |  Davos |  Herma Szabo |  Ellen Brockhöft |  Elisabeth Böckel
1926 |  Stockholm |  Herma Szabo |  Sonja Henie |  Kathleen Shaw
1927 |  Oslo |  Sonja Henie |  Herma Szabo |  Karen Simensen
1928 |  London |  Sonja Henie |  Maribel Vinson |  Fritzi Burger
1929 |  Budapest |  Sonja Henie |  Fritzi Burger |  Melitta Brunner
1930 |  New York City |  Sonja Henie |  Cecil Smith |  Maribel Vinson
1931 |  Berlin |  Sonja Henie |  Hilde Holovsky |  Fritzi Burger
1932 |  Montreal |  Sonja Henie |  Fritzi Burger |  Constance Wilson-Samuel
1933 |  Stockholm |  Sonja Henie |  Vivi-Anne Hultén |  Hilde Holovsky
1934 |  Oslo |  Sonja Henie |  Megan Taylor |  Liselotte Landbeck
1935 |  Vienna |  Sonja Henie |  Cecilia Colledge |  Vivi-Anne Hultén
1936 |  Paris |  Sonja Henie |  Megan Taylor |  Vivi-Anne Hultén
1937 |  London |  Cecilia Colledge |  Megan Taylor |  Vivi-Anne Hultén
1938 |  Stockholm |  Megan Taylor |  Cecilia Colledge |  Hedy Stenuf
1939 |  Prague |  Megan Taylor |  Hedy Stenuf |  Daphne Walker
1940–46 | No competitions due to World War II
1947 |  Stockholm |  Barbara Ann Scott |  Daphne Walker |  Gretchen Merrill
1948 |  Davos |  Barbara Ann Scott |  Eva Pawlik |  Jiřina Nekolová
1949 |  Paris |  Alena Vrzáňová |  Yvonne Sherman |  Jeannette Altwegg
1950 |  London |  Alena Vrzáňová |  Jeannette Altwegg |  Yvonne Sherman
1951 |  Milan |  Jeannette Altwegg |  Jacqueline du Bief |  Sonya Klopfer
1952 |  Paris |  Jacqueline du Bief |  Sonya Klopfer |  Virginia Baxter
1953 |  Davos |  Tenley Albright |  Gundi Busch |  Valda Osborn
1954 |  Oslo |  Gundi Busch |  Tenley Albright |  Erica Batchelor
1955 |  Vienna |  Tenley Albright |  Carol Heiss |  Hanna Eigel
1956 |  Garmisch-Partenkirchen |  Carol Heiss |  Tenley Albright |  Ingrid Wendl
1957 |  Colorado Springs |  Carol Heiss |  Hanna Eigel |  Ingrid Wendl
1958 |  Paris |  Carol Heiss |  Ingrid Wendl |  Hanna Walter
1959 |  Colorado Springs |  Carol Heiss |  Hanna Walter |  Sjoukje Dijkstra
1960 |  Vancouver |  Carol Heiss |  Sjoukje Dijkstra |  Barbara Ann Roles
1961  |  Prague | Competition cancelled due to the crash of Sabena Flight 548
1962 |  Sjoukje Dijkstra |  Wendy Griner |  Regine Heitzer
1963 |  Cortina d'Ampezzo |  Sjoukje Dijkstra |  Regine Heitzer |  Nicole Hassler
1964 |  Dortmund |  Sjoukje Dijkstra |  Regine Heitzer |  Petra Burka
1965 |  Colorado Springs |  Petra Burka |  Regine Heitzer |  Peggy Fleming
1966 |  Davos |  Peggy Fleming |  Gabriele Seyfert |  Petra Burka
1967 |  Vienna |  Peggy Fleming |  Gabriele Seyfert |  Hana Mašková
1968 |  Geneva |  Peggy Fleming |  Gabriele Seyfert |  Hana Mašková
1969 |  Colorado Springs |  Gabriele Seyfert |  Beatrix Schuba |  Zsuzsa Almássy
1970 |  Ljubljana |  Gabriele Seyfert |  Beatrix Schuba |  Julie Lynn Holmes
1971 |  Lyon |  Beatrix Schuba |  Julie Lynn Holmes |  Karen Magnussen
1972 |  Calgary |  Beatrix Schuba |  Karen Magnussen |  Janet Lynn
1973 |  Bratislava |  Karen Magnussen |  Janet Lynn |  Christine Errath
1974 |  Munich |  Christine Errath |  Dorothy Hamill |  Dianne de Leeuw
1975 |  Colorado Springs |  Dianne de Leeuw |  Dorothy Hamill |  Christine Errath
1976 |  Gothenburg |  Dorothy Hamill |  Christine Errath |  Dianne de Leeuw
1977 |  Tokyo |  Linda Fratianne |  Anett Pötzsch |  Dagmar Lurz
1978 |  Ottawa |  Anett Pötzsch |  Linda Fratianne |  Susanna Driano
1979 |  Vienna |  Linda Fratianne |  Anett Pötzsch |  Emi Watanabe
1980 |  Dortmund |  Anett Pötzsch |  Dagmar Lurz |  Linda Fratianne
1981 |  Hartford |  Denise Biellmann |  Elaine Zayak |  Claudia Kristofics-Binder
1982 |  Copenhagen |  Elaine Zayak |  Katarina Witt |  Claudia Kristofics-Binder
1983 |  Helsinki |  Rosalynn Sumners |  Claudia Leistner |  Elena Vodorezova
1984 |  Ottawa |  Katarina Witt |  Anna Kondrashova |  Elaine Zayak
1985 |  Tokyo |  Katarina Witt |  Kira Ivanova |  Tiffany Chin
1986 |  Geneva |  Debi Thomas |  Katarina Witt |  Tiffany Chin
1987 |  Cincinnati |  Katarina Witt |  Debi Thomas |  Caryn Kadavy
1988 |  Budapest |  Katarina Witt |  Elizabeth Manley |  Debi Thomas
1989 |  Paris |  Midori Ito |  Claudia Leistner |  Jill Trenary
1990 |  Halifax |  Jill Trenary |  Midori Ito |  Holly Cook
1991 |  Munich |  Kristi Yamaguchi |  Tonya Harding |  Nancy Kerrigan
1992 |  Oakland |  Kristi Yamaguchi |  Nancy Kerrigan |  Chen Lu
1993 |  Prague |  Oksana Baiul |  Surya Bonaly |  Chen Lu
1994 |  Chiba |  Yuka Sato |  Surya Bonaly |  Tanja Szewczenko
1995 |  Birmingham |  Chen Lu |  Surya Bonaly |  Nicole Bobek
1996 |  Edmonton |  Michelle Kwan |  Chen Lu |  Irina Slutskaya
1997 |  Lausanne |  Tara Lipinski |  Michelle Kwan |  Vanessa Gusmeroli
1998 |  Minneapolis |  Michelle Kwan |  Irina Slutskaya |  Maria Butyrskaya
1999 |  Helsinki |  Maria Butyrskaya |  Michelle Kwan |  Julia Soldatova
2000 |  Nice |  Michelle Kwan |  Irina Slutskaya |  Maria Butyrskaya
2001 |  Vancouver |  Michelle Kwan |  Irina Slutskaya |  Sarah Hughes | [18]
2002 |  Nagano |  Irina Slutskaya |  Michelle Kwan |  Fumie Suguri | [19]
2003 |  Washington, D.C. |  Michelle Kwan |  Elena Sokolova |  Fumie Suguri | [20]
2004 |  Dortmund |  Shizuka Arakawa |  Sasha Cohen |  Michelle Kwan | [21]
2005 |  Moscow |  Irina Slutskaya |  Sasha Cohen |  Carolina Kostner | [22]
2006 |  Calgary |  Kimmie Meissner |  Fumie Suguri |  Sasha Cohen | [23]
2007 |  Tokyo |  Miki Ando |  Mao Asada |  Yuna Kim | [24]
2008 |  Gothenburg |  Mao Asada |  Carolina Kostner |  Yuna Kim | [25]
2009 |  Los Angeles |  Yuna Kim |  Joannie Rochette |  Miki Ando | [26]
2010 |  Turin |  Mao Asada |  Yuna Kim |  Laura Lepistö | [27]
2011 |  Moscow |  Miki Ando |  Yuna Kim |  Carolina Kostner | [28]
2012 |  Nice |  Carolina Kostner |  Alena Leonova |  Akiko Suzuki | [29]
2013 |  London |  Yuna Kim |  Carolina Kostner |  Mao Asada | [30]
2014 |  Saitama |  Mao Asada |  Yulia Lipnitskaya |  Carolina Kostner | [31]
2015 |  Shanghai |  Elizaveta Tuktamysheva |  Satoko Miyahara |  Elena Radionova | [32]
2016 |  Boston |  Evgenia Medvedeva |  Ashley Wagner |  Anna Pogorilaya | [33]
2017 |  Helsinki |  Evgenia Medvedeva |  Kaetlyn Osmond |  Gabrielle Daleman | [34]
2018 |  Milan |  Kaetlyn Osmond |  Wakaba Higuchi |  Satoko Miyahara | [35]
2019 |  Saitama |  Alina Zagitova |  Elizabet Tursynbaeva |  Evgenia Medvedeva | [36]
2020 |  Montreal | Competition cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | [37]
2021 |  Stockholm | FSR Anna Shcherbakova | FSR Elizaveta Tuktamysheva | FSR Alexandra Trusova | [38]
2022 |  Montpellier |  Kaori Sakamoto |  Loena Hendrickx |  Alysa Liu | [39]
2023 |  Saitama |  Kaori Sakamoto |  Lee Hae-in |  Loena Hendrickx | [40]
2024 |  Montreal |  Kaori Sakamoto |  Isabeau Levito |  Kim Chae-yeon | [41]
2025 |  Boston |  Alysa Liu |  Kaori Sakamoto |  Mone Chiba | [42]

### Pairs

[edit]

Pairs' event medalists  Year  | Location  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

1908 |  St. Petersburg |

* Anna Hübler
* Heinrich Burger

* Phyllis Johnson
* James H. Johnson

* Lidia Popova
* Alexander L. Fischer

| [44]
1909 |  Stockholm |

* Phyllis Johnson
* James H. Johnson

* Valborg Lindahl
* Nils Rosenius

* Gertrud Ström
* Richard Johansson

1910 |  Berlin |

* Anna Hübler
* Heinrich Burger

*   *

* Ludowika Eilers
* Walter Jakobsson

* Phyllis Johnson
* James H. Johnson

1911 |  Vienna |

*   *

* Ludowika Eilers
* Walter Jakobsson

| No other competitors
1912 |  Manchester |

* Phyllis Johnson
* James H. Johnson

* Ludowika Jakobsson
* Walter Jakobsson

* Alexia Schøien
* Yngvar Bryn

1913 |  Stockholm |

* Helene Engelmann
* Karl Mejstrik

* Ludowika Jakobsson
* Walter Jakobsson

* Christa von Szabó
* Leo Horwitz

1914 |  St. Moritz |

* Ludowika Jakobsson
* Walter Jakobsson

* Helene Engelmann
* Karl Mejstrik

* Christa von Szabó
* Leo Horwitz

1915–21 | No competitions due to World War I
1922 |  Davos |

* Helene Engelmann
* Alfred Berger

* Ludowika Jakobsson
* Walter Jakobsson

* Margaret Metzner
* Paul Metzner

1923 |  Kristiania |

* Ludowika Jakobsson
* Walter Jakobsson

* Alexia Bryn
* Yngvar Bryn

* Elna Henrikson
* Kaj af Ekström

1924 |  Manchester |

* Helene Engelmann
* Alfred Berger

* Ethel Muckelt
* John F. Page

* Elna Henrikson
* Kaj af Ekström

1925 |  Vienna |

* Herma Szabo
* Ludwig Wrede

* Andrée Joly
* Pierre Brunet

* Lilly Scholz
* Otto Kaiser

1926 |  Berlin |

* Andrée Joly
* Pierre Brunet

* Lilly Scholz
* Otto Kaiser

* Herma Szabo
* Ludwig Wrede

1927 |  Vienna |

* Herma Szabo
* Ludwig Wrede

* Lilly Scholz
* Otto Kaiser

* Else Hoppe
* Oscar Hoppe

1928 |  London |

* Andrée Joly
* Pierre Brunet

* Lilly Scholz
* Otto Kaiser

* Melitta Brunner
* Ludwig Wrede

1929 |  Budapest |

* Lilly Scholz
* Otto Kaiser

* Melitta Brunner
* Ludwig Wrede

* Olga Orgonista
* Sándor Szalay

1930 |  New York City |

* Andrée Brunet
* Pierre Brunet

* Melitta Brunner
* Ludwig Wrede

* Beatrix Loughran
* Sherwin Badger

1931 |  Berlin |

* Emília Rotter
* László Szollás

* Olga Orgonista
* Sándor Szalay

* Idi Papez
* Karl Zwack

1932 |  Montreal |

* Andrée Brunet
* Pierre Brunet

* Emília Rotter
* László Szollás

* Beatrix Loughran
* Sherwin Badger

1933 |  Stockholm |

* Emília Rotter
* László Szollás

* Idi Papez
* Karl Zwack

* Randi Bakke
* Christen Christensen

1934 |  Helsinki |

* Emília Rotter
* László Szollás

* Idi Papez
* Karl Zwack

* Maxi Herber
* Ernst Baier

1935 |  Budapest |

* Emília Rotter
* László Szollás

* Ilse Pausin
* Erik Pausin

* Lucy Galló
* Rezső Dillinger

1936 |  Paris |

* Maxi Herber
* Ernst Baier

* Ilse Pausin
* Erik Pausin

* Violet Cliff
* Leslie Cliff

1937 |  London |

* Maxi Herber
* Ernst Baier

* Ilse Pausin
* Erik Pausin

* Violet Cliff
* Leslie Cliff

1938 |  Berlin |

* Maxi Herber
* Ernst Baier

* Ilse Pausin
* Erik Pausin

* Inge Koch
* Günther Noack

1939 |  Budapest |

* Maxi Herber
* Ernst Baier

* Ilse Pausin
* Erik Pausin

* Inge Koch
* Günther Noack

1940–46 | No competitions due to World War II
1947 |  Stockholm |

* Micheline Lannoy
* Pierre Baugniet

* Karol Kennedy
* Peter Kennedy

* Suzanne Diskeuve
* Edmond Verbustel

1948 |  Davos |

* Micheline Lannoy
* Pierre Baugniet

* Andrea Kékesy
* Ede Király

* Suzanne Morrow
* Wallace Diestelmeyer

1949 |  Paris |

* Andrea Kékesy
* Ede Király

* Karol Kennedy
* Peter Kennedy

* Ann Davies
* Carleton Hoffner

1950 |  London |

* Karol Kennedy
* Peter Kennedy

* Jennifer Nicks
* John Nicks

* Marianne Nagy
* László Nagy

1951 |  Milan |

* Ria Baran
* Paul Falk

* Karol Kennedy
* Peter Kennedy

* Jennifer Nicks
* John Nicks

1952 |  Paris |

* Ria Baran
* Paul Falk

* Karol Kennedy
* Peter Kennedy

* Jennifer Nicks
* John Nicks

1953 |  Davos |

* Jennifer Nicks
* John Nicks

* Frances Dafoe
* Norris Bowden

* Marianne Nagy
* László Nagy

1954 |  Oslo |

* Frances Dafoe
* Norris Bowden

* Silvia Grandjean
* Michel Grandjean

* Sissy Schwarz
* Kurt Oppelt

1955 |  Vienna |

* Frances Dafoe
* Norris Bowden

* Sissy Schwarz
* Kurt Oppelt

* Marianne Nagy
* László Nagy

1956 |  Garmisch-Partenkirchen |

* Sissy Schwarz
* Kurt Oppelt

* Frances Dafoe
* Norris Bowden

* Marika Kilius
* Franz Ningel

1957 |  Colorado Springs |

* Barbara Wagner
* Robert Paul

* Marika Kilius
* Franz Ningel

* Maria Jelinek
* Otto Jelinek

1958 |  Paris |

* Barbara Wagner
* Robert Paul

* Věra Suchánková
* Zdeněk Doležal

* Maria Jelinek
* Otto Jelinek

1959 |  Colorado Springs |

* Barbara Wagner
* Robert Paul

* Marika Kilius
* Hans-Jürgen Bäumler

* Nancy Ludington
* Ronald Ludington

1960 |  Vancouver |

* Barbara Wagner
* Robert Paul

* Maria Jelinek
* Otto Jelinek

* Marika Kilius
* Hans-Jürgen Bäumler

1961  |  Prague | Competition cancelled due to the crash of Sabena Flight 548
1962 |

* Maria Jelinek
* Otto Jelinek

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Margret Göbl
* Franz Ningel

1963 |  Cortina d'Ampezzo |

* Marika Kilius
* Hans-Jürgen Bäumler

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Tatiana Zhuk
* Alexander Gavrilov

1964 |  Dortmund |

* Marika Kilius
* Hans-Jürgen Bäumler

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Debbi Wilkes
* Guy Revell

1965 |  Colorado Springs |

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Vivian Joseph
* Ronald Joseph

* Tatiana Zhuk
* Alexander Gorelik

1966 |  Davos |

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Tatiana Zhuk
* Alexander Gorelik

* Cynthia Kauffman
* Ronald Kauffman

1967 |  Vienna |

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Margot Glockshuber
* Wolfgang Danne

* Cynthia Kauffman
* Ronald Kauffman

1968 |  Geneva |

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

* Tatiana Zhuk
* Alexander Gorelik

* Cynthia Kauffman
* Ronald Kauffman

1969 |  Colorado Springs |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexei Ulanov

* Tamara Moskvina
* Alexei Mishin

* Ludmila Belousova
* Oleg Protopopov

1970 |  Ljubljana |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexei Ulanov

* Lyudmila Smirnova
* Andrei Suraikin

* Heidemarie Steiner
* Heinz-Ulrich Walther

1971 |  Lyon |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexei Ulanov

* Lyudmila Smirnova
* Andrei Suraikin

* JoJo Starbuck
* Kenneth Shelley

1972 |  Calgary |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexei Ulanov

* Lyudmila Smirnova
* Andrei Suraikin

* JoJo Starbuck
* Kenneth Shelley

1973 |  Bratislava |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

* Lyudmila Smirnova
* Alexei Ulanov

* Manuela Groß
* Uwe Kagelmann

1974 |  Munich |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

* Lyudmila Smirnova
* Alexei Ulanov

* Romy Kermer
* Rolf Oesterreich

1975 |  Colorado Springs |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

* Romy Kermer
* Rolf Oesterreich

* Manuela Groß
* Uwe Kagelmann

1976 |  Gothenburg |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

* Romy Kermer
* Rolf Oesterreich

* Irina Vorobieva
* Alexander Vlasov

1977 |  Tokyo |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

* Irina Vorobieva
* Alexander Vlasov

* Tai Babilonia
* Randy Gardner

1978 |  Ottawa |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

* Manuela Mager
* Uwe Bewersdorf

* Tai Babilonia
* Randy Gardner

1979 |  Vienna |

* Tai Babilonia
* Randy Gardner

* Marina Cherkasova
* Sergei Shakhrai

* Sabine Baeß
* Tassilo Thierbach

1980 |  Dortmund |

* Marina Cherkasova
* Sergei Shakhrai

* Manuela Mager
* Uwe Bewersdorf

* Marina Pestova
* Stanislav Leonovich

1981 |  Hartford |

* Irina Vorobieva
* Igor Lisovski

* Sabine Baeß
* Tassilo Thierbach

* Christina Riegel
* Andreas Nischwitz

1982 |  Copenhagen |

* Sabine Baeß
* Tassilo Thierbach

* Marina Pestova
* Stanislav Leonovich

* Caitlin Carruthers
* Peter Carruthers

1983 |  Helsinki |

* Elena Valova
* Oleg Vasiliev

* Sabine Baeß
* Tassilo Thierbach

* Barbara Underhill
* Paul Martini

1984 |  Ottawa |

* Barbara Underhill
* Paul Martini

* Elena Valova
* Oleg Vasiliev

* Sabine Baeß
* Tassilo Thierbach

1985 |  Tokyo |

* Elena Valova
* Oleg Vasiliev

* Larisa Selezneva
* Oleg Makarov

* Katherina Matousek
* Lloyd Eisler

1986 |  Geneva |

* Ekaterina Gordeeva
* Sergei Grinkov

* Elena Valova
* Oleg Vasiliev

* Cynthia Coull
* Mark Rowsom

1987 |  Cincinnati |

* Ekaterina Gordeeva
* Sergei Grinkov

* Elena Valova
* Oleg Vasiliev

* Jill Watson
* Peter Oppegard

1988 |  Budapest |

* Elena Valova
* Oleg Vasiliev

* Ekaterina Gordeeva
* Sergei Grinkov

* Larisa Selezneva
* Oleg Makarov

1989 |  Paris |

* Ekaterina Gordeeva
* Sergei Grinkov

* Cindy Landry
* Lyndon Johnston

* Elena Bechke
* Denis Petrov

1990 |  Halifax |

* Ekaterina Gordeeva
* Sergei Grinkov

* Isabelle Brasseur
* Lloyd Eisler

* Natalia Mishkutionok
* Artur Dmitriev

1991 |  Munich |

* Natalia Mishkutionok
* Artur Dmitriev

* Isabelle Brasseur
* Lloyd Eisler

* Natasha Kuchiki
* Todd Sand

1992 |  Oakland |

* Natalia Mishkutionok
* Artur Dmitriev

* Radka Kovaříková
* René Novotný

* Isabelle Brasseur
* Lloyd Eisler

1993 |  Prague |

* Isabelle Brasseur
* Lloyd Eisler

* Mandy Wötzel
* Ingo Steuer

* Evgenia Shishkova
* Vadim Naumov

1994 |  Chiba |

* Evgenia Shishkova
* Vadim Naumov

* Isabelle Brasseur
* Lloyd Eisler

* Marina Eltsova
* Andrei Bushkov

1995 |  Birmingham |

* Radka Kovaříková
* René Novotný

* Evgenia Shishkova
* Vadim Naumov

* Jenni Meno
* Todd Sand

1996 |  Edmonton |

* Marina Eltsova
* Andrei Bushkov

* Mandy Wötzel
* Ingo Steuer

* Jenni Meno
* Todd Sand

1997 |  Lausanne |

* Mandy Wötzel
* Ingo Steuer

* Marina Eltsova
* Andrei Bushkov

* Oksana Kazakova
* Artur Dmitriev

1998 |  Minneapolis |

* Elena Berezhnaya
* Anton Sikharulidze

* Jenni Meno
* Todd Sand

* Peggy Schwarz
* Mirko Müller

1999 |  Helsinki |

* Elena Berezhnaya
* Anton Sikharulidze

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

* Dorota Zagórska
* Mariusz Siudek

2000 |  Nice |

* Maria Petrova
* Alexei Tikhonov

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

* Sarah Abitbol
* Stéphane Bernadis

2001 |  Vancouver |

* Jamie Salé
* David Pelletier

* Elena Berezhnaya
* Anton Sikharulidze

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

| [18]
2002 |  Nagano |

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

* Tatiana Totmianina
* Maxim Marinin

* Kyoko Ina
* John Zimmerman

| [19]
2003 |  Washington, D.C. |

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

* Tatiana Totmianina
* Maxim Marinin

* Maria Petrova
* Alexei Tikhonov

| [20]
2004 |  Dortmund |

* Tatiana Totmianina
* Maxim Marinin

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

* Pang Qing
* Tong Jian

| [21]
2005 |  Moscow |

* Tatiana Totmianina
* Maxim Marinin

* Maria Petrova
* Alexei Tikhonov

* Zhang Dan
* Zhang Hao

| [22]
2006 |  Calgary |

* Pang Qing
* Tong Jian

* Zhang Dan
* Zhang Hao

* Maria Petrova
* Alexei Tikhonov

| [23]
2007 |  Tokyo |

* Shen Xue
* Zhao Hongbo

* Pang Qing
* Tong Jian

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

| [24]
2008 |  Gothenburg |

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Zhang Dan
* Zhang Hao

* Jessica Dubé
* Bryce Davison

| [25]
2009 |  Los Angeles |

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Zhang Dan
* Zhang Hao

* Yuko Kavaguti
* Alexander Smirnov

| [26]
2010 |  Turin |

* Pang Qing
* Tong Jian

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Yuko Kavaguti
* Alexander Smirnov

| [27]
2011 |  Moscow |

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Tatiana Volosozhar
* Maxim Trankov

* Pang Qing
* Tong Jian

| [28]
2012 |  Nice |

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Tatiana Volosozhar
* Maxim Trankov

* Narumi Takahashi
* Mervin Tran

| [29]
2013 |  London |

* Tatiana Volosozhar
* Maxim Trankov

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Meagan Duhamel
* Eric Radford

| [30]
2014 |  Saitama |

* Aliona Savchenko
* Robin Szolkowy

* Ksenia Stolbova
* Fedor Klimov

* Meagan Duhamel
* Eric Radford

| [31]
2015 |  Shanghai |

* Meagan Duhamel
* Eric Radford

* Sui Wenjing
* Han Cong

* Pang Qing
* Tong Jian

| [32]
2016 |  Boston |

* Meagan Duhamel
* Eric Radford

* Sui Wenjing
* Han Cong

* Aliona Savchenko
* Bruno Massot

| [33]
2017 |  Helsinki |

* Sui Wenjing
* Han Cong

* Aliona Savchenko
* Bruno Massot

* Evgenia Tarasova
* Vladimir Morozov

| [34]
2018 |  Milan |

* Aljona Savchenko
* Bruno Massot

* Evgenia Tarasova
* Vladimir Morozov

* Vanessa James
* Morgan Ciprès

| [35]
2019 |  Saitama |

* Sui Wenjing
* Han Cong

* Evgenia Tarasova
* Vladimir Morozov

* Natalia Zabiiako
* Alexander Enbert

| [36]
2020 |  Montreal | Competition cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | [37]
2021 |  Stockholm |

* FSR

* Anastasia Mishina
* Aleksandr Galliamov

* Sui Wenjing
* Han Cong

* FSR

* Aleksandra Boikova
* Dmitrii Kozlovskii

| [38]
2022 |  Montpellier |

* Alexa Knierim
* Brandon Frazier

* Riku Miura
* Ryuichi Kihara

* Vanessa James
* Eric Radford

| [39]
2023 |  Saitama |

* Riku Miura
* Ryuichi Kihara

* Alexa Knierim
* Brandon Frazier

* Sara Conti
* Niccolò Macii

| [40]
2024 |  Montreal |

* Deanna Stellato-Dudek
* Maxime Deschamps

* Riku Miura
* Ryuichi Kihara

* Minerva Fabienne Hase
* Nikita Volodin

| [41]
2025 |  Boston |

* Riku Miura
* Ryuichi Kihara

* Minerva Fabienne Hase
* Nikita Volodin

* Sara Conti
* Niccolò Macii

| [42]

### Ice dance

[edit]

Ice dance event medalists  Year  | Location  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

1952 |  Paris |

* Jean Westwood
* Lawrence Demmy

* Joan Dewhirst
* John Slater

* Carol Ann Peters
* Daniel Ryan

| [45]
1953 |  Davos |

* Jean Westwood
* Lawrence Demmy

* Joan Dewhirst
* John Slater

* Carol Ann Peters
* Daniel Ryan

1954 |  Oslo |

* Jean Westwood
* Lawrence Demmy

* Nesta Davies
* Paul Thomas

* Carmel Bodel
* Edward Bodel

1955 |  Vienna |

* Jean Westwood
* Lawrence Demmy

* Pamela Weight
* Paul Thomas

* Barbara Radford
* Raymond Lockwood

1956 |  Garmisch-Partenkirchen |

* Pamela Weight
* Paul Thomas

* June Markham
* Courtney Jones

* Barbara Thompson
* Gerard Rigby

1957 |  Colorado Springs |

* June Markham
* Courtney Jones

* Geraldine Fenton
* William McLachlan

* Sharon McKenzie
* Bert Wright

1958 |  Paris |

* June Markham
* Courtney Jones

* Geraldine Fenton
* William McLachlan

* Andree Anderson
* Donald Jacoby

1959 |  Colorado Springs |

* Doreen Denny
* Courtney Jones

* Andree Anderson
* Donald Jacoby

* Geraldine Fenton
* William McLachlan

1960 |  Vancouver |

* Doreen Denny
* Courtney Jones

* Virginia Thompson
* William McLachlan

* Christiane Guhel
* Jean Paul Guhel

1961  |  Prague | Competition cancelled due to the crash of Sabena Flight 548
1962 |

* Eva Romanová
* Pavel Roman

* Christiane Guhel
* Jean Paul Guhel

* Virginia Thompson
* William McLachlan

1963 |  Cortina d'Ampezzo |

* Eva Romanová
* Pavel Roman

* Linda Shearman
* Michael Phillips

* Paulette Doan
* Kenneth Ormsby

1964 |  Dortmund |

* Eva Romanová
* Pavel Roman

* Paulette Doan
* Kenneth Ormsby

* Janet Sawbridge
* David Hickinbottom

1965 |  Colorado Springs |

* Eva Romanová
* Pavel Roman

* Janet Sawbridge
* David Hickinbottom

* Lorna Dyer
* John Carrell

1966 |  Davos |

* Diane Towler
* Bernard Ford

* Kristin Fortune
* Dennis Sveum

* Lorna Dyer
* John Carrell

1967 |  Vienna |

* Diane Towler
* Bernard Ford

* Lorna Dyer
* John Carrell

* Yvonne Suddick
* Malcolm Cannon

1968 |  Geneva |

* Diane Towler
* Bernard Ford

* Yvonne Suddick
* Malcolm Cannon

* Janet Sawbridge
* Jon Lane

1969 |  Colorado Springs |

* Diane Towler
* Bernard Ford

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Judy Schwomeyer
* James Sladky

1970 |  Ljubljana |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Judy Schwomeyer
* James Sladky

* Angelika Buck
* Erich Buck

1971 |  Lyon |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Angelika Buck
* Erich Buck

* Judy Schwomeyer
* James Sladky

1972 |  Calgary |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Angelika Buck
* Erich Buck

* Judy Schwomeyer
* James Sladky

1973 |  Bratislava |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Angelika Buck
* Erich Buck

* Hilary Green
* Glyn Watts

1974 |  Munich |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Hilary Green
* Glyn Watts

* Natalia Linichuk
* Gennadi Karponosov

1975 |  Colorado Springs |

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

* Colleen O'Connor
* James Millns

* Hilary Green
* Glyn Watts

1976 |  Gothenburg |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

* Colleen O'Connor
* James Millns

1977 |  Tokyo |

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

* Janet Thompson
* Warren Maxwell

* Natalia Linichuk
* Gennadi Karponosov

1978 |  Ottawa |

* Natalia Linichuk
* Gennadi Karponosov

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

* Krisztina Regőczy
* András Sallay

1979 |  Vienna |

* Natalia Linichuk
* Gennadi Karponosov

* Krisztina Regőczy
* András Sallay

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

1980 |  Dortmund |

* Krisztina Regőczy
* András Sallay

* Natalia Linichuk
* Gennadi Karponosov

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

1981 |  Hartford |

* Jayne Torvill
* Christopher Dean

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

1982 |  Copenhagen |

* Jayne Torvill
* Christopher Dean

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Irina Moiseeva
* Andrei Minenkov

1983 |  Helsinki |

* Jayne Torvill
* Christopher Dean

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Judy Blumberg
* Michael Seibert

1984 |  Ottawa |

* Jayne Torvill
* Christopher Dean

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Judy Blumberg
* Michael Seibert

1985 |  Tokyo |

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Judy Blumberg
* Michael Seibert

1986 |  Geneva |

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Tracy Wilson
* Robert McCall

1987 |  Cincinnati |

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Tracy Wilson
* Robert McCall

1988 |  Budapest |

* Natalia Bestemianova
* Andrei Bukin

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Tracy Wilson
* Robert McCall

1989 |  Paris |

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Maya Usova
* Alexander Zhulin

* Isabelle Duchesnay
* Paul Duchesnay

1990 |  Halifax |

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Isabelle Duchesnay
* Paul Duchesnay

* Maya Usova
* Alexander Zhulin

1991 |  Munich |

* Isabelle Duchesnay
* Paul Duchesnay

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Maya Usova
* Alexander Zhulin

1992 |  Oakland |

* Marina Klimova
* Sergei Ponomarenko

* Maya Usova
* Alexander Zhulin

* Oksana Grishuk
* Evgeni Platov

1993 |  Prague |

* Maya Usova
* Alexander Zhulin

* Oksana Grishuk
* Evgeni Platov

* Anjelika Krylova
* Vladimir Fedorov

1994 |  Chiba |

* Oksana Grishuk
* Evgeni Platov

* Sophie Moniotte
* Pascal Lavanchy

* Susanna Rahkamo
* Petri Kokko

1995 |  Birmingham |

* Oksana Grishuk
* Evgeni Platov

* Susanna Rahkamo
* Petri Kokko

* Sophie Moniotte
* Pascal Lavanchy

1996 |  Edmonton |

* Oksana Grishuk
* Evgeni Platov

* Anjelika Krylova
* Oleg Ovsyannikov

* Shae-Lynn Bourne
* Victor Kraatz

1997 |  Lausanne |

* Oksana Grishuk
* Evgeni Platov

* Anjelika Krylova
* Oleg Ovsyannikov

* Shae-Lynn Bourne
* Victor Kraatz

1998 |  Minneapolis |

* Anjelika Krylova
* Oleg Ovsyannikov

* Marina Anissina
* Gwendal Peizerat

* Shae-Lynn Bourne
* Victor Kraatz

1999 |  Helsinki |

* Anjelika Krylova
* Oleg Ovsyannikov

* Marina Anissina
* Gwendal Peizerat

* Shae-Lynn Bourne
* Victor Kraatz

2000 |  Nice |

* Marina Anissina
* Gwendal Peizerat

* Barbara Fusar-Poli
* Maurizio Margaglio

* Margarita Drobiazko
* Povilas Vanagas

2001 |  Vancouver |

* Barbara Fusar-Poli
* Maurizio Margaglio

* Marina Anissina
* Gwendal Peizerat

* Irina Lobacheva
* Ilia Averbukh

| [18]
2002 |  Nagano |

* Irina Lobacheva
* Ilia Averbukh

* Shae-Lynn Bourne
* Victor Kraatz

* Galit Chait
* Sergei Sakhnovski

| [19]
2003 |  Washington, D.C. |

* Shae-Lynn Bourne
* Victor Kraatz

* Irina Lobacheva
* Ilia Averbukh

* Albena Denkova
* Maxim Staviski

| [20]
2004 |  Dortmund |

* Tatiana Navka
* Roman Kostomarov

* Albena Denkova
* Maxim Staviski

* Kati Winkler
* René Lohse

| [21]
2005 |  Moscow |

* Tatiana Navka
* Roman Kostomarov

* Tanith Belbin
* Benjamin Agosto

* Elena Grushina
* Ruslan Goncharov

| [22]
2006 |  Calgary |

* Albena Denkova
* Maxim Staviski

* Marie-France Dubreuil
* Patrice Lauzon

* Tanith Belbin
* Benjamin Agosto

| [23]
2007 |  Tokyo |

* Albena Denkova
* Maxim Staviski

* Marie-France Dubreuil
* Patrice Lauzon

* Tanith Belbin
* Benjamin Agosto

| [24]
2008 |  Gothenburg |

* Isabelle Delobel
* Olivier Schoenfelder

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

* Jana Khokhlova
* Sergei Novitski

| [25]
2009 |  Los Angeles |

* Oksana Domnina
* Maxim Shabalin

* Tanith Belbin
* Benjamin Agosto

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

| [26]
2010 |  Turin |

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

* Meryl Davis
* Charlie White

* Federica Faiella
* Massimo Scali

| [27]
2011 |  Moscow |

* Meryl Davis
* Charlie White

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

* Maia Shibutani
* Alex Shibutani

| [28]
2012 |  Nice |

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

* Meryl Davis
* Charlie White

* Nathalie Péchalat
* Fabian Bourzat

| [29]
2013 |  London |

* Meryl Davis
* Charlie White

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

* Ekaterina Bobrova
* Dmitri Soloviev

| [30]
2014 |  Saitama |

* Anna Cappellini
* Luca Lanotte

* Kaitlyn Weaver
* Andrew Poje

* Nathalie Péchalat
* Fabian Bourzat

| [31]
2015 |  Shanghai |

* Gabriella Papadakis
* Guillaume Cizeron

* Madison Chock
* Evan Bates

* Kaitlyn Weaver
* Andrew Poje

| [32]
2016 |  Boston |

* Gabriella Papadakis
* Guillaume Cizeron

* Maia Shibutani
* Alex Shibutani

* Madison Chock
* Evan Bates

| [33]
2017 |  Helsinki |

* Tessa Virtue
* Scott Moir

* Gabriella Papadakis
* Guillaume Cizeron

* Maia Shibutani
* Alex Shibutani

| [34]
2018 |  Milan |

* Gabriella Papadakis
* Guillaume Cizeron

* Madison Hubbell
* Zachary Donohue

* Kaitlyn Weaver
* Andrew Poje

| [35]
2019 |  Saitama |

* Gabriella Papadakis
* Guillaume Cizeron

* Victoria Sinitsina
* Nikita Katsalapov

* Madison Hubbell
* Zachary Donohue

| [36]
2020 |  Montreal | Competition cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | [37]
2021 |  Stockholm |

* FSR

* Victoria Sinitsina
* Nikita Katsalapov

* Madison Hubbell
* Zachary Donohue

* Piper Gilles
* Paul Poirier

| [38]
2022 |  Montpellier |

* Gabriella Papadakis
* Guillaume Cizeron

* Madison Hubbell
* Zachary Donohue

* Madison Chock
* Evan Bates

| [39]
2023 |  Saitama |

* Madison Chock
* Evan Bates

* Charlène Guignard
* Marco Fabbri

* Piper Gilles
* Paul Poirier

| [40]
2024 |  Montreal |

* Madison Chock
* Evan Bates

* Piper Gilles
* Paul Poirier

* Charlène Guignard
* Marco Fabbri

| [41]
2025 |  Boston |

* Madison Chock
* Evan Bates

* Piper Gilles
* Paul Poirier

* Lilah Fear
* Lewis Gibson

| [42]

## Records

[edit]

From left to right: Ulrich Salchow of Sweden has won the most World Championship titles in men's singles (with ten); Sonja Henie of Norway has won the most World Championship titles in women's singles (with ten); Irina Rodnina of the Soviet Union has won the most World Championship titles in pair skating (with ten, although not all with the same partner); while Lyudmila Pakhomova and Aleksandr Gorshkov of the Soviet Union have won the most World Championship titles in ice dance (with six).

Records Discipline  | Most championship titles

|

Skater(s)  | No. | Years  | Ref.
Men's singles  |

* Ulrich Salchow

| 10  | 1901–05;
1907–11  | [46]
Women's singles  |

* Sonja Henie

| 10  | 1927–36  | [47]
Pairs  |

* Irina Rodnina
* Alexander Zaitsev

| 6  | 1973–78  | [48]

* Irina Rodnina

[a] | 10  | 1969–78
Ice dance  |

* Lyudmila Pakhomova
* Aleksandr Gorshkov

| 6  | 1970–74;
1976  | [49]

1. ^ Irina Rodnina won four championship titles while partnered with Alexei Ulanov (1969–72) and six with Alexander Zaitsev (1973–78).

## Cumulative medal count

[edit]

Main article: World Figure Skating Championships cumulative medal count

* Countries that no longer participate are indicated in italics with a dagger (†).

Total number of World Championship medals by nation[50]Rank| Nation| Gold| Silver| Bronze| Total

|
|
|
|
|

1|  United States| 63| 65| 84| 212
2|  Soviet Union †| 44| 42| 24| 110
3|  Austria| 36| 46| 34| 116
4|  Canada| 36| 39| 38| 113
5|  Russia †[a]| 33| 26| 27| 86
6|  Great Britain| 28| 30| 25| 83
7|  Japan| 18| 20| 15| 53
8|  Germany| 16| 21| 21| 58
9|  France| 16| 19| 19| 54
10|  Sweden| 15| 7| 11| 33
11|  Hungary| 13| 7| 15| 35
12|  East Germany †| 12| 16| 12| 40
13|  Norway| 10| 2| 5| 17
14|  Czechoslovakia †| 9| 5| 5| 19
15|  China| 8| 11| 9| 28
16|  West Germany †| 6| 12| 7| 25
17|  Switzerland| 4| 2| 2| 8
18|  Netherlands| 4| 1| 3| 8
19|  Finland| 3| 5| 3| 11
20|  Italy| 3| 4| 9| 16
21| Figure Skating Federation of Russia †[b]| 3| 1| 2| 6
22|  Commonwealth of Independent States †| 3| 1| 1| 5
23|  South Korea| 2| 4| 3| 9
24|  Belgium| 2| 1| 2| 5
25|  Bulgaria| 2| 1| 1| 4
26|  Spain| 2| 0| 2| 4
27|  Ukraine| 1| 0| 2| 3
28|  Czech Republic| 1| 0| 0| 1
29|  Kazakhstan| 0| 3| 1| 4
30|  Poland| 0| 0| 2| 2
31|  Israel| 0| 0| 1| 1
Lithuania| 0| 0| 1| 1
Totals (32 entries)| 393| 391| 386| 1,170

1. ^ Skaters from Russia have been banned from competing at all international skating events since 2022 due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[51]
2. ^ In 2021, in accordance with a ban by the World Anti-Doping Agency and a decision by the Court of Arbitration for Sport, skaters from Russia were not permitted to use the Russian name, flag, or anthem; they instead participated under the name and modified flag of the Figure Skating Federation of Russia.[52]

## See also

[edit]

* World Figure Skating Championships cumulative medal count
* Figure skating at the Olympic Games
* World Junior Figure Skating Championships

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "ISU World Figure Skating Championships". International Skating Union. Archived from the original on January 30, 2025. Retrieved February 12, 2025.
2. ^ "2026 World Figure Skating Championships". Golden Skate. Archived from the original on November 9, 2024. Retrieved February 12, 2025.
3. ^ "World Figure Skating Championships arrive in Tampere". Tampere.Finland. April 10, 2025. Retrieved April 10, 2025.
4. ^ a b c d e "Some Key Dates in ISU History". International Skating Union. Archived from the original on July 22, 2010.
5. ^ a b c d e f g Hines, James R. (2006). Figure Skating: A History. University of Illinois Press. pp. 76–83, 87–91\. ISBN 9780252072864.
6. ^ a b Hines, James R. (2015). Figure Skating in the Formative Years: Singles, Pairs, and the Expanding Role of Women. University of Illinois Press. pp. 80–81\. ISBN 9780252039065.
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8. ^ Barry, Colleen (March 29, 2010). "Olympic-Fatigued Skaters Bumble Through Worlds". Google News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 31, 2010.
9. ^ Harvey, Randy (March 30, 1993). "Boitano Plans to Skate in '94 Olympics: Winter Games: The 1988 gold medalist, who had turned pro, will apply to regain his eligibility for the competition at Lillehammer, Norway". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 9, 2023.
10. ^ "Skating Cancelled". Ottawa Citizen. Associated Press. February 16, 1961. p. 1\. Archived from the original on January 31, 2025. Retrieved February 9, 2025 - via Google News Archive.
11. ^ "World Figure Skating Championships Canceled Due to Coronavirus, At Least for Now". NBC Sports. March 11, 2020. Archived from the original on March 2, 2025. Retrieved February 9, 2025.
12. ^ "Special Regulations & Technical Rules". International Skating Union. 2022. Archived from the original on February 20, 2024.
13. ^ "China Eyed over Eight Athletes' Ages". ESPN. Associated Press. February 14, 2011. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011.
14. ^ Longman, Jere (March 23, 1997). "Lipinski, 14, Is Youngest World Champion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 7, 2022. Retrieved March 1, 2025.
15. ^ a b Loosemore, Sandra (March 16, 2000). "Junior Skaters Shouldn't Face Senior Pressure". CBS Sportsline. Archived from the original on October 13, 2008.
16. ^ "ISU to Raise Minimum Age for Senior Competitions to 17". Reuters. June 7, 2022. Archived from the original on June 10, 2022. Retrieved June 11, 2022.
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18. ^ a b c d "2001 World Figure Skating Championships". International Skating Union. September 16, 2001. Archived from the original on March 11, 2007. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
19. ^ a b c d "2002 World Figure Skating Championships". International Skating Union. March 27, 2002. Archived from the original on February 16, 2005. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
20. ^ a b c d "World Figure Skating Championships 2003". International Skating Union. March 17, 2003. Archived from the original on December 9, 2006. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
21. ^ a b c d "2004 ISU World Figure Skating Championships". International Skating Union. March 23, 2004. Archived from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
22. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2005". International Skating Union. March 19, 2005. Archived from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
23. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2006". International Skating Union. March 25, 2006. Archived from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
24. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2007". International Skating Union. March 24, 2007. Archived from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
25. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2008". International Skating Union. March 22, 2008. Archived from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
26. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships Los Angeles 2009". International Skating Union. March 28, 2009. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
27. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2010". International Skating Union. March 27, 2010. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
28. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2011". International Skating Union. April 30, 2011. Archived from the original on May 19, 2011. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
29. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2012". International Skating Union. March 31, 2012. Archived from the original on November 20, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
30. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2013". International Skating Union. March 16, 2013. Archived from the original on December 5, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
31. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2014". International Skating Union. March 29, 2014. Archived from the original on July 17, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
32. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2015". International Skating Union. March 28, 2015. Archived from the original on December 5, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
33. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2016". International Skating Union. April 2, 2016. Archived from the original on November 20, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
34. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2017". International Skating Union. April 1, 2017. Archived from the original on November 28, 2023. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
35. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2018". International Skating Union. March 24, 2018. Archived from the original on June 20, 2018. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
36. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2019". International Skating Union. March 23, 2019. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
37. ^ a b c d "ISU Statement - ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2020, Montreal". International Skating Union. March 11, 2020. Archived from the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
38. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2021". International Skating Union. March 27, 2021. Archived from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
39. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2022". International Skating Union. March 26, 2022. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
40. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2023". International Skating Union. March 25, 2023. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
41. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2024". International Skating Union. March 24, 2024. Archived from the original on March 24, 2024. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
42. ^ a b c d "ISU World Figure Skating Championships 2025". International Skating Union. March 26, 2025. Archived from the original on March 30, 2025. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
43. ^ "World Figure Skating Championships: Ladies" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2006. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
44. ^ "World Figure Skating Championships: Pairs" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2006. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
45. ^ "World Figure Skating Championships: Dance" (PDF). International Skating Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2006. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
46. ^ "Ulrich Salchow". Olympedia. Archived from the original on July 29, 2023. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
47. ^ "Sonja Henie". Olympedia. Archived from the original on March 12, 2025. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
48. ^ "Irina Rodnina". Sports-Reference. Archived from the original on April 21, 2011.
49. ^ Russell, Susan D. (January 5, 2013). "Lyudmila Pakhomova and Aleksandr Gorshkov". International Figure Skating Magazine. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
50. ^ "Sportstatistik/Sports Statistics: Eiskunstlauf/Figure Skating". Sport-Record.de. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 16, 2021.
51. ^ "ISU Statement on the Ukrainian crisis - Participation in international competitions of Skaters and Officials from Russia and Belarus". International Skating Union. March 1, 2022. Archived from the original on March 2, 2022.
52. ^ Baldwin, Alan (March 26, 2021). Sarkar, Pritha (ed.). "Figure skating-Shcherbakova Wins Gold in Podium Sweep for Russian Women". Reuters. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2024.

## Works cited

[edit]

* Hines, James R. (2006). Figure Skating: A History. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-07286-4.
* Hines, James R. (2011). Historical Dictionary of Figure Skating. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6859-5.

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[edit]

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* checkers
* draughts-64
* draughts-64 women
* Go
* Puzzles
* Scrabble
* Sudoku
* Xiangqi

| Esports|

* Call of Duty
* Counter-Strike
* Dota 2
* eSailing
* FIFA
* Fortnite
* League of Legends
* Mobile Legends: Bang Bang
* NES Tetris
* Overwatch
* Pro Evolution Soccer
* Rainbow Six Siege
* Rocket League
* Smite
* StarCraft II
* Valorant

|

Motorsport|

| Auto racing|

* Formula E
* Formula One
* Hill climb
* Karting
* Rallying
* Rallycross
* Rally raid
* Bajas
* Sports Car Endurance
* Touring Car

|

Motorcycle sports|

* Endurance
* Enduro
* Beach Racing
* SuperEnduro
* Hard Enduro
* team endurance
* Ice racing
* individual
* team
* Grand Prix
* MotoGP
* Moto2
* Moto3
* MotoE
* Motocross
* individual
* women
* nations
* Supercross
* SuperMotocross
* Sidecarcross
* Snowcross
* Production
* Superbike
* Supersport
* Supersport 300
* Women
* Rally raid
* Bajas
* Sidecar
* Speedway
* individual
* team
* long track
* team long track
* flat track
* Supermoto
* team
* Trial
* nations
* E-Bike
* cross

Other|

* Aeroplane sport
* Aerobatic
* Aerobatic GP
* Powerboating
* Aquabike
* F1
* F4s
* offshore
* Radio-controlled racing
* 1:10 electric off-road
* 1:8 nitro off-road
* Tank biathlon

Other sports|

| Team|

* American football
* men
* women
* Australian football
* Baseball5
* Ball hockey
* Bandy
* men
* men's club
* women
* women's club
* Cricket
* ODI (men)
* ODI (women)
* Beach handball
* Beach soccer
* Beach tennis
* Canoe polo
* Dancesport
* Formation Latin
* Dodgeball
* Fistball
* Floorball
* men
* women
* Futsal
* men
* women
* men's club
* women
* Indoor hockey
* men
* women
* Inline hockey
* Kabaddi
* Circle
* Standard
* Kho kho
* Korfball
* Lacrosse
* indoor
* Life saving
* Minifootball
* Netball
* Padel tennis
* Quadball
* Ringette
* Rogaining
* Roll Ball
* Roller derby
* men
* women
* Roller hockey
* men
* women
* Rugby league
* men
* men's club
* women
* Sailing
* Yachts
* Dinghies
* Sepaktakraw
* Socca
* Synchronized skating
* Tchoukball
* Underwater hockey
* Underwater rugby

|

Individual|

* Air sports
* ballooning
* gliding
* parachuting
* paragliding
* Aquatics
* water skiing
* Armwrestling
* Archery
* indoor
* 3D
* field
* Athletics
* cross country
* half marathon
* indoor
* women's decathlon
* relays
* 100 km
* mountain running
* long distance mountain running
* snowshoe running
* skyrunning
* trail running
* Bowling
* Tenpin
* Ninepin (singles, team)
* Bowls
* indoor
* outdoor
* Canoeing
* marathon
* ocean race
* wildwater
* SUP
* canoe sailing
* freestyle
* waveski
* Crokinole
* CrossFit
* Cycling
* cyclo-cross
* indoor
* mountain bike marathon
* trials
* Darts
* WDF
* PDC
* team
* Finswimming
* Fishing
* freshwater
* fly fishing
* Gymnastics
* acrobatic
* aerobic
* parkour
* Ice Climbing
* Modern pentathlon
* biathle
* triathle
* laser run
* Mounted games
* Orienteering
* foot
* ski
* mountain bike
* trail
* Pétanque
* Powerlifting
* Racquetball
* Roller Sports
* artistic skating
* inline alpine
* inline downhill
* inline speed skating
* roller freestyle
* scootering
* Rowing
* coastal
* indoor
* Shooting
* practical handgun
* practical rifle
* practical shotgun
* Skiing
* flying
* speed
* telemark
* Summer biathlon
* Strength athletics
* men
* women
* Surfing
* short board
* long board
* big wave
* SUP/paddleboard
* Swimming
* short course
* Teqball
* Triathlon
* Aquathlon
* Duathlon
* Ironman
* Ironman 70.3
* cross
* cross duathlon
* long distance
* long distance duathlon
* sprint
* winter
* Yo-yo

* See also: World cups

*[Ref.]: References
*[No.]: Number of championship titles
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