Yamaguchi 1st District

Parliamentary constituency
for the Japanese House of Representatives

Numbered map of Yamaguchi Prefecture
single-member districts

Prefecture| Yamaguchi
Proportional District| Chūgoku
Electorate| 362,270 (2017)[1]
Major settlements| Yamaguchi, Shūnan, and Hōfu
Current constituency
Party| LDP
Representative| Masahiko Kōmura

Yamaguchi 1st district (山口[県第]1区, Yamaguchi[-ken dai-]ikku) is a single-member electoral district for the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. It is located in Yamaguchi and covers the prefectural capital Yamaguchi (without the former town of Atō), parts of the city of Shūnan (the area of former municipalities Tokuyama city, Shinnan'yō city, Kano town) and the city of Hōfu. As of September 2012, 359,151 eligible voters were resident in the district.[2]

Before the electoral reform of the 1990s, the area had been part of the five-member Yamaguchi 2nd district which covered roughly the Eastern half of the prefecture and had been the former district of LDP presidents Nobusuke Kishi and Eisaku Satō. Another representative from the pre-reform 2nd district for the LDP was former four-term Tokuyama city mayor Sakahiko Kōmura. When Kōmura retired, his fourth son Masahiko won a seat in the district in 1980 and defended it in all pre-reform elections. After the electoral reform, Masahiko Kōmura took over the new single-member 1st district for the LDP. The main opposition NFP and the newly founded DPJ did not even nominate candidates in the first post-reform election of 1996, his only challengers were a Communist and an unaffiliated independent. In subsequent elections, the enlarged/"New" DPJ did nominate candidates; but Kōmura held onto the seat by large margins, even in the countrywide DPJ victory of 2009. The district remains – like two other of Yamaguchi's districts – an unbroken "conservative kingdom" (hoshu ōkoku). In the 2017 election Masahiko Kōmura retired, his eldest son Masahiro extended the streak with a two-thirds majority in his first election.

Kōmura was a minister in several cabinets in the 1990s and 2000s (Murayama, Obuchi, Mori II, Fukuda, Abe I). From 2000 to 2012, Kōmura led the Banchō Seisaku Kenkyūjo (previously Kōmoto faction, now Ōshima faction), one of the smaller, but well-established factions of the LDP that traces its roots to the centrist Reform Party and the pre-war Constitutional Democratic Party. In 2012, LDP president Shinzō Abe (Machimura faction, also from Yamaguchi) nominated him to succeed fellow faction member Tadamori Ōshima as vice president of the party.

## List of representatives[edit]

Representative  | Election  | Party  | Term  | Notes

|
|
|
|

Masahiko Kōmura |  | 1996 | Liberal Democratic Party | 1996–  | Incumbent
2000
2003
2005
2009
2012
2014
Masahiro Kōmura | 2017

## Recent results[edit]

2021[3] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal Democratic | Masahiro Kōmura | 118,882  | 70.1  | 1.0
| CDP | Kazuya Ouchi  | 50,684  | 29.9  | 10.9
Turnout |  | 48.50  | 5.93
| Liberal Democratic hold
2017[4] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| LDP \- Kōmeitō | Masahiro Kōmura  | 133,221  | 69.1  |
| Kibo | Kazuya Ouchi  | 36,582  | 19.0  |
| JCP | Hiroshi Goto  | 17,924  | 9.3  |
| HRP | Miwako Kawai  | 5,070  | 2.6  |
Turnout | 197,192  | 54.43  |
2014[5] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Liberal Democratic | Masahiko Kōmura | 120,084  | 68.1  | 2.2
| Innovation | Tsutomu Nakamura  | 39,375  | 22.3  |
| Communist | Naoko Fujii  | 16,890  | 9.6  | 4.8
Turnout |  | 50.63  | 7.51
| Liberal Democratic hold
2012[6] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| LDP (NK)  | Masahiko Kōmura | 133,776  | 65.9  | +8.9
| TPJ (NPD)  | Tetsunari Iida | 35,622  | 17.6  | new
| DPJ | Satoshi Tomimura  | 23,813  | 11.7  | new
| JCP | Tomiyuki Uonaga  | 9,753  | 4.8  | new
2009[7] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| LDP  | Masahiko Kōmura  | 142,103[nb 1] | 57.0  | -6.8
| DPJ  | Tsutomu Takamura | 94,253[nb 1] | 37.8  | new
| JCP  | Sadayoshi Yoshida  | 10,114  | 4.1  | new
| HRP | Jun'ichi Murata  | 2,889  | 1.2  | new

Note:

1. ^ a b Decimals from anbunhyō omitted

## References[edit]

1. ^ "衆議院小選挙区 - 確定投票状況" [House of Representatives election district - Fixed Vote Status]. Yamaguchi Prefecture Election Commission (in Japanese). 2017.
2. ^ MIC: 平成24年9月2日現在選挙人名簿及び在外選挙人名簿登録者数>選挙区ごとの選挙人名簿及び在外選挙人名簿登録者数等 (in Japanese)
3. ^ 開票速報 小選挙区：山口- 2021衆議 (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
4. ^ Asahai Shimbun: election results in Yamaguchi's single-member districts
5. ^ 2014年12月14日(日) 投票 小選挙区 山口１区 (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
6. ^ 総選挙2012>開票結果 小選挙区 山口. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2013-10-09.
7. ^ ２００９総選挙 開票結果 小選挙区・山口1区. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2013-10-09.

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First-past-the-post (FPTP) districts and proportional representation (PR) "blocks" for the Japanese House of Representatives of the National Diet (1996–present)

Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Fukushiro Nukaga, Ibaraki 2nd
Vice Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Banri Kaieda, Tokyo PR

Hokkaidō
(8 block seats, 12 district seats)|

Hokkaidō

Tōhoku
(12 block seats, 23 district seats)|

Aomori

Iwate

Miyagi

Akita

Yamagata

Fukushima

Kita- (North) Kantō
(19 block seats, 32 district seats)|

Ibaraki

Tochigi

Gunma

Saitama

Minami- (South) Kantō
(23 block seats, 33 district seats)|

Chiba

Kanagawa

Yamanashi

Tokyo
(19 block seats, 25 district seats)|

Tokyo

Hokuriku-Shin'etsu
(10 block seats, 19 district seats)|

Niigata

Toyama

Ishikawa

Fukui

Nagano

Tōkai
(21 block seats, 32 district seats)|

Gifu

Shizuoka

Aichi

Mie

Kinki
(28 block seats, 47 district seats)|

Shiga

Kyoto

Osaka

Hyōgo

Nara

Wakayama

Chūgoku
(10 block seats, 20 district seats)|

Tottori

Shimane

Okayama

Hiroshima

Yamaguchi

Shikoku
(6 block seats, 11 district seats)|

Tokushima

Kagawa

Ehime

Kōchi

Kyūshū
(20 block seats, 35 district seats)|

Fukuoka

Saga

Nagasaki

Kumamoto

Ōita

Miyazaki

Kagoshima

Okinawa

Districts eliminated
in the 2002 reapportionments|

Hokkaido 13
Yamagata 4
Shizuoka 9
Shimane 3
Oita 4

Districts eliminated
in the 2013 reapportionments|

Fukui 3
Yamanashi 3
Tokushima 3
Kochi 3
Saga 3

Districts eliminated
in the 2017 reapportionments|

Aomori 4
Iwate 4
Mie 5
Nara 4
Kumamoto 5
Kagoshima 5

Districts eliminated
in the 2022 reapportionments|

Miyagi 6
Fukushima 5
Niigata 6
Shiga 4
Wakayama 3
Okayama 5
Hiroshima 7
Yamaguchi 4
Ehime 4
Nagasaki 4
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