Yemen–European Union relations

Bilateral relations

European Union-Yemen relations

European Union |
Yemen

The European Union and Yemen enjoy longstanding relations, which date back to 1997 when the first official cooperation agreement was signed. This relationship has kept growing ever since. In December 2009, the EU established a full diplomatic representation to the Republic of Yemen.[1] Many EU Member States enjoy strong and historical relations with Yemen that date back to the 1930s. The United Kingdom, France, Germany and the Netherlands are among Yemen's main donors; France has far ranging economic relations while Italy was the first state to open diplomatic relations with Yemen. Seven Member States are represented in Sana’a: Bulgaria, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom.[1]

## History

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In 1978 the European Commission began cooperation with Yemen and relations were formalised in 1984 through a Development Co-operation Agreement with North Yemen, which was extended in 1995 to cover the entire country following unification in 1990. In July 1998 an enhanced framework co-operation agreement focusing on commercial, development and economic issues came into force. The agreement provides the basis for a long-term contractual commitment between the Commission and Yemen.

Following the Arab Spring and the departure of Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh, the European Parliament urged the High Representative to reassess ties to Yemen.[2] While Parliament were supportive of the uprising, the High Representative concentrated on organising evacuation of EU citizens due to fear of civil war.[3][4]

## Trade and financial support

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Yemen relied heavily on oil exports (90%). The EU is its second largest import partner, but only its fifth largest trading partner overall.[5] In January 2025, the EU announced €95 million of humanitarian aid for North Africa and Yemen.[6]

## Yemen's foreign relations with EU member states

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* Austria
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark

* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Ireland

* Italy
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Netherlands
* Poland

* Portugal
* Romania
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden

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## See also

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* Foreign relations of the European Union
* Foreign relations of Yemen

## References

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1. ^ a b Political & economic relations, EU Delegation to Yemen (EEAS)
2. ^ Suspend talks with Syria, reassess relations with Bahrain and Yemen, European Parliament
3. ^ EU voices mixed emotions about Yemen revolution, EU Observer
4. ^ Two hundred EU citizens still in Yemen, EU Observer
5. ^ Trade, EU Delegation to Yemen (EEAS)
6. ^ "EU will provide €1.9 billion in initial humanitarian aid for 2025". European Commission - European Commission. Retrieved 2025-01-20.

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Foreign relations of Yemen

Africa|

* Djibouti
* Eritrea
* Libya
* Somalia

Americas|

* United States

Asia|

* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* China
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Malaysia
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Saudi Arabia
* Syria
* Turkey
* United Arab Emirates

Europe|

* Germany
* Italy
* Russia
* Spain
* United Kingdom

Multilateral relations|

* European Union

Diplomatic missions|

* Diplomatic missions of Yemen / in Yemen

Related topics|

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs
* Minister of Foreign Affairs of North Yemen / South Yemen
* Soviet Union

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Foreign relations of the European Union

Bilateral relations

See also: Economic relationships with third countries

Africa|

* Algeria
* Cape Verde
* Egypt
* Libya
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Americas|

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* trade
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Asia|

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* Japan
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* Malaysia
* Nepal
* North Korea
* Pakistan
* Palestine†
* Philippines
* South Korea
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

Europe|

| Internal|

* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Poland
* Slovenia

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External|

* Albania
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* Accession negotiations
* Azerbaijan
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Oceania|

* Australia
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Former|

* Yugoslavia

General|

* Overseas territories of member states
* European microstates
* Largest trading partners
* Association Agreements
* Free trade agreements
* European Union Sanctions

* †= Disputed state, may not be recognised as an independent state by some or all European Union members.

Multilateral relations and initiatives

| Organisations|

* Arab League
* ASEAN
* Council of Europe
* ECHR
* G7
* ICC
* IOC
* Mercosur
* NATO
* UN

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Initiatives|

* African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States
* Asia–Europe Meeting
* CARIFORUM
* Customs Union
* Eastern Partnership
* Energy Community
* Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly
* European Common Aviation Area
* European Economic Area
* Euro-Mediterranean free trade area
* Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
* Euronest
* Economic Partnership Agreements
* EU CBRN Risk Mitigation CoE Initiative
* Neighbourhood Policy
* Northern Dimension
* Mediterranean Union
* Stabilisation and Association Process

Administration and policies

| Foreign and Security Policy|

* Global Strategy
* Neighbourhood Policy
* Enlargement
* Security and Defence Policy

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Administration|

* Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department
* Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development
* External Action Service
* Foreign Affairs Council
* High Representative Josep Borrell
* Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee
* Foreign Policy Instruments Service
* Diplomatic missions of the EU (ambassadors) / to the EU
* Special Representatives

Funding|

* Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
* Global Europe

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Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union

Leadership|

* High Representative
* Director General of the Military Staff/Director of the Military Planning and Conduct Capability
* Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability
* Chairman of the Military Committee
* European Council
* Foreign Affairs Council

Structure|

| External Action Service|

* Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (Military Planning and Conduct Capability within the Military Staff, Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability, Joint Support Coordination Cell)
* Intelligence and Situation Centre (Club de Berne)
* Crisis Management and Planning Directorate
* Security & Defence College

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Agencies|

* Defence Agency
* Institute for Security Studies
* Satellite Centre

Council preparatory bodies|

* Committee of Permanent Representatives
* Political and Security Committee
* Politico-Military Group
* Military Committee
* Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management

European Commission bodies|

* Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space

Funding|

* Defence Fund

Policies|

* Security Strategy
* Everything but Arms
* Annual Review

Equipment|

* Galileo navigation system
* Secure Software-defined Radio (PESCO)

Decorations|

* Service medal
* Medal for Extraordinary Meritorious Service
* Monitor mission medal

Related|

* Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)
* Headline Goal 2010
* Military Erasmus
* Military Mobility (PESCO)
* Intelligence School (PESCO)
* Kortenberg building
* NATO relations (Berlin Plus agreement, Joint Declaration)

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