Zinc transporter protein

Zinc transporter proteins (Zrt), or simply zinc transporters, are membrane transport proteins of the solute carrier family which control the membrane transport of zinc and regulate its intracellular and cytoplasmic concentrations.[1] They include two major groups: (1) the zinc transporter (ZnT) or solute carrier 30 (SLC30) family, which controls the efflux of zinc from the cytoplasm out of the cell and from the cytoplasm into vesicles; and (2) the zinc importer, Zrt- and Irt-like protein (ZIP), or solute carrier 39A (SLC39A) family, which controls the influx of zinc into the cytoplasm from outside the cell and from vesicles.[1]

At least one zinc transporter, ZIP9, is also a G protein-coupled receptor and membrane androgen receptor.[2]

## Families

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### ZnT (SLC30)

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Protein family

Cation efflux (diffusion facilitator) protein

ZntB Transporter Protein Structure: The left side of the image shows the full-length ZntB protein structure, without the presence of zinc. The right side shows the cytoplasmic domain of the protein and the apparent conformation change undergone by the protein to accommodate zinc transport. The conformation change is believed to be necessary for zinc ion transport. The chlorine ions (illustrated as the orange circles) support the conclusion that a change in the electrostatics and pH are necessary for transport.[3][4]

Identifiers
Symbol| Cation_efflux
Pfam| PF01545
InterPro| IPR002524
| Available protein structures:

Pfam  | structures / ECOD
PDB| RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum| structure summary

Members: ZnT1, ZnT2, ZnT3, ZnT4, ZnT5, ZnT6, ZnT7, ZnT8, ZnT9, ZnT10

Bacterial members of the family are known to increase tolerance to high salt concentrations.

#### ZntB Zinc Transporter Protein

[edit]

Unlike some other zinc transporter proteins, the mechanism of how Zn2+ is transported via ZntB is not well understood. However, scientists have been able to speculate that the transport of Zn2+ is related to pH gradient and the electrostatics of the protein membrane.[3][4]

### ZIP (SLC39)

[edit]

Protein family

Zinc/iron permease

Identifiers
Symbol| ZIP
Pfam| PF02535
InterPro| IPR003689
| Available protein structures:

Pfam  | structures / ECOD
PDB| RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum| structure summary

ZIP1, ZIP2, ZIP3, ZIP4, ZIP5, ZIP6, ZIP7 (Catsup), ZIP8, ZIP9, ZIP10, ZIP11, ZIP12, ZIP13, ZIP14

The structure of a bacterial ZIP protein has been resolved.[5]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Hara T, Takeda TA, Takagishi T, Fukue K, Kambe T, Fukada T (March 2017). "Physiological roles of zinc transporters: molecular and genetic importance in zinc homeostasis". The Journal of Physiological Sciences. 67 (2): 283–301\. doi:10.1007/s12576-017-0521-4. PMC 10717645. PMID 28130681.
2. ^ Thomas P, Converse A, Berg HA (February 2018). "ZIP9, a novel membrane androgen receptor and zinc transporter protein". General and Comparative Endocrinology. 257: 130–136\. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.04.016. PMID 28479083.
3. ^ a b Gati C, Stetsenko A, Slotboom DJ, Scheres SH, Guskov A (November 2017). "The structural basis of proton driven zinc transport by ZntB". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 1313. Bibcode:2017NatCo...8.1313G. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01483-7. PMC 5670123. PMID 29101379.
4. ^ a b Tan K, Sather A, Robertson JL, Moy S, Roux B, Joachimiak A (October 2009). "Structure and electrostatic property of cytoplasmic domain of ZntB transporter". Protein Science. 18 (10): 2043–52\. doi:10.1002/pro.215. PMC 2786968. PMID 19653298.
5. ^ Zhang T, Liu J, Fellner M, Zhang C, Sui D, Hu J (August 2017). "Crystal structures of a ZIP zinc transporter reveal a binuclear metal center in the transport pathway". Science Advances. 3 (8): e1700344. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0344Z. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700344. PMC 5573306. PMID 28875161.

* v
* t
* e

Membrane proteins, carrier proteins: membrane transport proteins solute carrier (TC 2A)

By group

SLC1–10

| (1):|

* high affinity glutamate and neutral amino-acid transporter
* SLC1A1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7

|

(2):|

* facilitative GLUT transporter
* SLC2A1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14

(3):|

* heavy subunits of heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
* SLC3A1
* 2

(4):|

* bicarbonate transporter
* SLC4A1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11

(5):|

* sodium glucose cotransporter
* SLC5A1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12

(6):|

* sodium\- and chloride\- dependent sodium:neurotransmitter symporters
* SLC6A1
* SLC6A2
* SLC6A3
* SLC6A4
* SLC6A5
* SLC6A6
* SLC6A7
* SLC6A8
* SLC6A9
* SLC6A10
* SLC6A11
* SLC6A12
* SLC6A13
* SLC6A14
* SLC6A15
* SLC6A16
* SLC6A17
* SLC6A18
* SLC6A19
* SLC6A20

(7):|

* cationic amino-acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
* SLC7A1
* SLC7A2
* SLC7A3
* SLC7A4
* glycoprotein-associated/light or catalytic subunits of heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
* SLC7A5
* SLC7A6
* SLC7A7
* SLC7A8
* SLC7A9
* SLC7A10
* SLC7A11
* SLC7A13
* SLC7A14

(8):|

* Na+/Ca2+ exchanger
* SLC8A1
* SLC8A2
* SLC8A3

(9):|

* Na+/H+ exchanger
* SLC9A1
* SLC9A2
* SLC9A3
* SLC9A4
* SLC9A5
* SLC9A6
* SLC9A7
* SLC9A8
* SLC9A9
* SLC9A10
* SLC9A11

(10):|

* sodium bile salt cotransport
* SLC10A1
* SLC10A2
* SLC10A3
* SLC10A4
* SLC10A5
* SLC10A6
* SLC10A7
* 10A1
* 10A2
* 10A3
* 10A7

SLC11–20

| (11):|

* proton coupled metal ion transporter
* SLC11A1
* SLC11A211A3

|

(12):|

* electroneutral cation-Cl cotransporter
* SLC12A1
* SLC12A2
* SLC12A3
* SLC12A4
* SLC12A5
* SLC12A6
* SLC12A7
* SLC12A8
* SLC12A9

(13):|

* human Na+-sulfate/carboxylate cotransporter
* SLC13A1
* SLC13A2
* SLC13A3
* SLC13A4
* SLC13A5

(14):|

* urea transporter
* SLC14A1
* SLC14A2

(15):|

* proton oligopeptide cotransporter
* SLC15A1
* SLC15A2
* SLC15A3
* SLC15A4

(16):|

* monocarboxylate transporter
* SLC16A1
* SLC16A2
* SLC16A3
* SLC16A4
* SLC16A5
* SLC16A6
* SLC16A7
* SLC16A8
* SLC16A9
* SLC16A10
* SLC16A11
* SLC16A12
* SLC16A13
* SLC16A14

(17):|

* Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
* SLC17A1
* SLC17A2
* SLC17A3
* SLC17A4
* SLC17A5
* SLC17A6
* SLC17A7
* SLC17A8
* SLC17A9

(18):|

* vesicular monoamine transporter
* SLC18A1
* SLC18A2
* SLC18A3

(19):|

* folate/thiamine transporter
* SLC19A1
* SLC19A2
* SLC19A3

(20):|

* type III Na+-phosphate cotransporter
* SLC20A1
* SLC20A2

SLC21–30

| (21):|

* Organic anion-transporting polypeptide
* SLCO1A2
* SLCO1B1
* SLCO1B3
* SLCO1B4
* SLCO1C1
*     * SLCO2A1
* SLCO2B1
*     * SLCO3A1
*     * SLCO4A1
* SLCO4C1
*     * SLCO5A1(SLCO6A1)

|

(22):|

* organic cation/anion/zwitterion transporter
* SLC22A1
* SLC22A2
* SLC22A3
* SLC22A4
* SLC22A5
* SLC22A6
* SLC22A7
* SLC22A8
* SLC22A9
* SLC22A10
* SLC22A11
* SLC22A12
* SLC22A13
* SLC22A14
* SLC22A15
* SLC22A16
* SLC22A17
* SLC22A18
* SLC22A19
* SLC22A20

(23):|

* Na+-dependent ascorbic acid transporter
* SLC23A1
* SLC23A2
* SLC23A3
* SLC23A4

(24):|

* Na+/(Ca2+-K+) exchanger
* SLC24A1
* SLC24A2
* SLC24A3
* SLC24A4
* SLC24A5
* SLC24A6

(25):|

* mitochondrial carrier
* SLC25A1
* SLC25A2
* SLC25A3
* SLC25A4
* SLC25A5
* SLC25A6
* SLC25A7
* SLC25A8
* SLC25A9
* SLC25A10
* SLC25A11
* SLC25A12
* SLC25A13
* SLC25A14
* SLC25A15
* SLC25A16
* SLC25A17
* SLC25A18
* SLC25A19
* SLC25A20
* SLC25A21
* SLC25A22
* SLC25A23
* SLC25A24
* SLC25A25
* SLC25A26
* SLC25A27
* SLC25A28
* SLC25A29
* SLC25A30
* SLC25A31
* SLC25A32
* SLC25A33
* SLC25A34
* SLC25A35
* SLC25A36
* SLC25A37
* SLC25A38
* SLC25A39
* SLC25A40
* SLC25A41
* SLC25A42
* SLC25A43
* SLC25A44
* SLC25A45
* SLC25A46

(26):|

* multifunctional anion exchanger
* SLC26A1
* SLC26A2
* SLC26A3
* SLC26A4
* SLC26A5
* SLC26A6
* SLC26A7
* SLC26A8
* SLC26A9
* SLC26A10
* SLC26A11

(27):|

* fatty acid transport proteins
* SLC27A1
* SLC27A2
* SLC27A3
* SLC27A4
* SLC27A5
* SLC27A6

(28):|

* Na+-coupled nucleoside transport (SLC28A1
* SLC28A2
* SLC28A3

(29):|

* facilitative nucleoside transporter
* SLC29A1
* SLC29A2
* SLC29A3
* SLC29A4

(30):|

* zinc efflux
* SLC30A1
* SLC30A2
* SLC30A3
* SLC30A4
* SLC30A5
* SLC30A6
* SLC30A7
* SLC30A8
* SLC30A9
* SLC30A10

SLC31–40

| (31):|

* copper transporter
* SLC31A1

|

(32):|

* Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
* SLC32A1

(33):|

* Acetyl-CoA transporter
* SLC33A1

(34):|

* type II Na+-phosphate cotransporter
* SLC34A1
* SLC34A2
* SLC34A3

(35):|

* nucleoside-sugar transporter
* SLC35A1
* SLC35A2
* SLC35A3
* SLC35A4
* SLC35A5
*     * SLC35B1
* SLC35B2
* SLC35B3
* SLC35B4
*     * SLC35C1
* SLC35C2
*     * SLC35D1
* SLC35D2
* SLC35D3
*     * SLC35E1
* SLC35E2
* SLC35E3
* SLC35E4

(36):|

* proton-coupled amino-acid transporter
* SLC36A1
* SLC36A2
* SLC36A3
* SLC36A436A2

(37):|

* sugar-phosphate/phosphate exchanger
* SLC37A1
* SLC37A2
* SLC37A3
* SLC37A4

(38):|

* System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino-acid transporter
* SLC38A1
* SLC38A2
* SLC38A3
* SLC38A4
* SLC38A5
* SLC38A6
* SLC38A10

(39):|

* metal ion transporter
* SLC39A1
* SLC39A2
* SLC39A3
* SLC39A4
* SLC39A5
* SLC39A6
* SLC39A7
* SLC39A8
* SLC39A9
* SLC39A10
* SLC39A11
* SLC39A12
* SLC39A13
* SLC39A14

(40):|

* basolateral iron transporter
* SLC40A1

SLC41–48

| (41):|

* Magnesium transporter E
* SLC41A1
* SLC41A2
* SLC41A3

|

(42):|

* Ammonia transporter
* RhAG
* RhBG
* RhCG

(43):|

* Na+-independent, system-L like amino-acid transporter
* SLC43A1
* SLC43A2
* SLC43A3

(44):|

* Choline-like transporter
* SLC44A1
* SLC44A2
* SLC44A3
* SLC44A4
* SLC44A5

(45):|

* Putative sugar transporter
* SLC45A1
* SLC45A2
* SLC54A3
* SLC45A4

(46):|

* Folate transporter
* SLC46A1
* SLC46A2

(47):|

* multidrug and toxin extrusion
* SLC47A1
* SLC47A2

(48):|

* Heme transporter

SLCO1–4

* O1A2
* O1B1
* O1B3
* O2B1
* O431
* O4A1

Ion pumps

| Symporter, Cotransporter|

* Na+/K+,Cl−
* Na+/Pi3
* Na+/Cl−
* Na+/glucose
* Na+/I−
* Cl−/K+
* 4
* 5

|

Antiporter (exchanger)|

* Na+/H+
* Na+/Ca2+
* Na+/(Ca2+-K+) - Cl−/HCO−
3 (Band 3)
* Cl−-formate
* Cl−-oxalate

see also solute carrier disorders

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