African National Congress

ANC

Vlag van die African National Congress

* * *

Leier  | Cyril Ramaphosa
Slagspreuk  | South Africa's National Liberation Movement
Gestig  | 8 Januarie 1912 (1912-01-08) (113 jaar oud)
Nuusbrief  | ANC Today
Hoofkwartier  | Luthulihuis, Sauerstraat 54, Johannesburg, Gauteng
Jeugvleuel  | ANC-jeugliga
Ideologie  | Afrika-nasionalisme
Linksgesinde nasionalisme
Sosiale demokrasie
Demokratiese sosialisme
Nasionale affiliasie  | Tripartite Alliance
Internasionale affiliasie  | Sosialistiese Internasionaal[1]
Amptelike kleure  | Swart, groen, goud
Webblad  | www.anc1912.org.za

Die African National Congress (ANC) is 'n bevrydingsorganisasie en politieke party wat Suid-Afrika sedert die land se eerste nie-rassige, demokratiese nasionale verkiesing van April 1994 regeer. Dié party is in 1912 in Bloemfontein as die South African Native National Congress (SANNC) gestig en was jare lank 'n verbode organisasie in Suid-Afrika. Die huidige naam is in 1923 aanvaar.

Ná die  algemene verkiesing van 2024 het die ANC vir die eerste keer in Suid-Afrika se demokratiese geskiedenis sy meerderheid in die parlement verloor. Dit bly steeds die grootste party, met minder as 41% van die stemme.[2] Die party het ook sy meerderheid in Kwa-Zulu Natal, Gauteng en Noord-Kaap verloor. Ten spyte van hierdie terugslae het die ANC mag op nasionale vlak behou deur 'n groot koalisie waarna verwys word as 'n Regering van Nasionale Eenheid, insluitend partye wat saam 72% van die setels in die Parlement het.[3]

## Geskiedenis

[wysig | wysig bron]

Die hoofartikel vir hierdie afdeling is: Geskiedenis van die African National Congress.

Die South African Native National Congress se afvaardiging in Londen, Junie 1914. Van links tot regs: Thomas Mapike, eerwaarde Walter Rubusana, eerw. John Dube, Saul Msane en Sol Plaatje. Albert Luthuli, voormalige president van die ANC Logo van die ANC Oliver Tambo in 1981 Sowjetse posseël uit 1988 wat Nelson Mandela uitbeeld

Die ANC is op 8 Januarie 1912 gestig deur onder andere John Dube, Pixley ka Seme en Sol Plaatje om hom te beywer vir die regte en vryhede van alle Afrikane. Die ANC-jeugliga is in 1944 deur Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, en Oliver Tambo gestig.

Die sege van die Nasionale Party in die 1948-verkiesing en die implementering van apartheid lei tot die sogenaamde Defiance Campaign van 1952, en die opstel van die Vryheidsmanifes in Kliptown in 1955.

In 1959 word die Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) gestig deur Robert Sobukwe en 'n groep ANC-lede wat gekant was teen die ANC se wending weg van swart nasionalisme af.

As gevolg van sy vreedsame verset teen apartheid en die vele inperkings wat hy hieroor moes verduur, word die Nobelprys vir Vrede in Desember 1961 aan ANC-presidentgeneraal Albert Luthuli toegeken. Hy en sy vrou, Nokukhanya, word deur die regering toegelaat om die oorhandigingseremonie in Oslo by te woon.

Na aanleiding van 'n beroep deur Albert Luthuli word die Anti-apartheidsbeweging in Brittanje gestig en internasionale druk teen die apartheidsbewind, hoofsaaklik deur boikotte, neem toe.

Die besluit van die ANC om oor te gaan na gewapende stryd, en die stigting van Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), lei tot die inhegtenisname op 11 Julie 1963 van Nelson Mandela en 18 ander MK-lede op die plaas Liliesleaf by Rivonia. Tydens die sogenaamde Rivonia-verhoor word Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba, Elias Motsoaledi, Ahmed Kathrada en Denis Goldberg op 11 Junie 1964 skuldig bevind aan sabotasie en lewensvonisse opgelê. Hierna is die ANC verban.

## Geallieerde organisasies

[wysig | wysig bron]

* Anti-apartheidsbeweging
* COSATU
* Sosialistiese Internasionaal
* Suid-Afrikaanse Kommunistiese Party (SAKP)
* United Democratic Front (UDF)
* Voormalige Bevrydingsbewegings van Suider-Afrika

## Bekende lede van die ANC

[wysig | wysig bron]

* Albert Luthuli
* Nelson Mandela
* Thabo Mbeki
* Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
* Walter Sisulu
* Oliver Tambo
* Jacob Zuma

## Presidente van die ANC

[wysig | wysig bron]

* Dr. John L. Dube 1912–1917
* Sefato M. Makgatho 1917–1924
* Eerw. Zaccheus R. Mahabane 1924–1927
* Josiah T. Gumede 1927–1930
* Dr. Pixley ka Isaka Seme 1930–1936
* Eerw. Zaccheus R. Mahabane 1937–1940
* Dr. Alfred Bitini Xuma 1940–1949
* Dr. James S. Moroka 1949–1952
* Hoofman Albert Luthuli 1952–1967
* Oliver Tambo 1967–1991
* Nelson Mandela 1991–1997
* Thabo Mbeki 1997–2007
* Jacob Zuma 2007–2017
* Cyril Ramaphosa 2017–tans

bron vir tot 2007.[4]

## Verkiesingsresultate

[wysig | wysig bron]

Persentasie van stemme vir die ANC in die 2014-verkiesing, volgens kiesafdelings.

0–20%

20–40%

40–60%

60–80%

80–100%

Persentasie van stemme vir die ANC in die 2009-verkiesing, volgens kiesafdelings.

0–20%

20–40%

40–60%

60–80%

80–100%

### Nasionale verkiesings

[wysig | wysig bron]

#### Nasionale Vergadering

[wysig | wysig bron]

Die hoofartikel vir hierdie afdeling is: Nasionale Vergadering van Suid-Afrika.

Verkiesing  | # van
algehele stemme  | % van
algehele stemme  | # van
algehele setels gewen  | +/–  | Regering

|
|
|
|
|

1994 | 12 237 655  | 62,65  | 252 / 400  | –  | In regering
1999 | 10 601 330  | 66,35  | 266 / 400  |  14  | In regering
2004 | 10 880 915  | 69,69  | 279 / 400  |  13  | In regering
2009 | 11 650 748  | 65,90  | 264 / 400  |  15  | In regering
2014[5] | 11 436 921  | 62,15  | 249 / 400  |  15  | In regering
2019[6] | 10 026 475  | 57,5  | 230 / 400  |  19  | In regering
2024 | 6 459 683  | 40,18  | 159 / 400  |  71  | In regering van nasionale eenheid met DA, IVP, PA en GOOD

#### Nasionale Raad van Provinsies

[wysig | wysig bron]

Die hoofartikel vir hierdie afdeling is: Nasionale Raad van Provinsies.

Verkiesing  | # van
algehele setels gewen  | +/–  | Regering

|
|
|

1994 | 60 / 90  |  | In regering
1999 | 63 / 90  |  3  | In regering
2004 | 65 / 90  |  2  | In regering
2009 | 62 / 90  |  3  | In regering
2014 | 60 / 90  |  2  | In regering
2019 | 54 / 90  |  6  | In regering

### Provinsiale verkiesings

[wysig | wysig bron]

Verkiesing  | Oos-Kaap | Vrystaat | Gauteng | KwaZulu-Natal | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | Noordwes | Noord-Kaap | Wes-Kaap

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

% | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels | % | Setels
1994 | 84,35%  | 48/56  | 76,65%  | 24/30  | 57,60%  | 50/86  | 32,23%  | 26/81  | 91,63%  | 38/40  | 80,69%  | 25/30  | 83,33%  | 26/30  | 49,74%  | 15/30  | 33,01%  | 14/42
1999 | 73,80%  | 47/63  | 80,79%  | 25/30  | 67,87%  | 50/73  | 39,38%  | 32/80  | 88,29%  | 44/49  | 84,83%  | 26/30  | 78,97%  | 27/33  | 64,32%  | 20/30  | 42,07%  | 18/42
2004 | 79,27%  | 51/63  | 81,78%  | 25/30  | 68,40%  | 51/73  | 46,98%  | 38/80  | 89,18%  | 45/49  | 86,30%  | 27/30  | 80,71%  | 27/33  | 68,83%  | 21/30  | 45,25%  | 19/42
2009 | 68,82%  | 44/63  | 71,10%  | 22/30  | 64,04%  | 47/73  | 62,95%  | 51/80  | 84,88%  | 43/49  | 85,55%  | 27/30  | 72,89%  | 25/33  | 60,75%  | 19/30  | 31,55%  | 14/42
2014[5] | 70,09%  | 45/63  | 69,85%  | 22/30  | 53,59%  | 40/73  | 64,52%  | 52/80  | 78,60%  | 39/49  | 78,23%  | 24/30  | 67,39%  | 23/33  | 64,40%  | 20/30  | 32,89%  | 14/42
2019[6] | 68,74%  | 44/63  | 61,14%  | 19/30  | 50,19%  | 37/73  | 54,21%  | 44/80  | 75,49%  | 38/49  | 70,58%  | 22/30  | 61,87%  | 21/33  | 57,54%  | 18/30  | 28,64%  | 12/42

### Munisipale verkiesings

[wysig | wysig bron]

Verkiesing  | Stemme  | %  | +/–

|
|
|

1995–96 | 5 033 855  | 58%  | –
2000 | Geen vrygestel  | 59,4%  |  1,4%
2006 | 17 466 948  | 66,3%  |  6,9%
2011 | 16 548 826  | 61,9%  |  4,4%
2016[7] | 21 450 332  | 55,7%  |  6,2%
2021 | 14 531 908  | 47,5%  |  8.2%

## Sien ook

[wysig | wysig bron]

* Lys van politieke partye in Suid-Afrika
* Indian National Congress, Indiese eweknie en bondgenoot[8][9]
* 55ste Nasionale Konferensie van die African National Congress

## Verwysings

[wysig | wysig bron]

1. ↑ (en)  "Full Member Parties of Socialist International". Socialist International. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 April 2020.
2. ↑ (en)  "In a historic election, South Africa's ANC loses majority for the first time". NPR. 1 Junie 2024. Besoek op 1 Junie 2024.
3. ↑ (en)  Chothia, Farouk; Kupemba, Danai Kesta; Plett-Usher, Barbra (14 Junie 2024). "ANC and DA agree on South Africa unity government". BBC News. Besoek op 14 Junie 2024.
4. ↑ Uys, Isabelle. (2007). Feitegids : 'n Kernensiklopedie. Kaapstad: Pharos Woordeboeke. ISBN 978-1-86890-065-7. bls. 9.
5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 (en)  "2014 National and Provincial Elections Results – 2014 National and Provincial Election Results". elections.org.za. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 September 2019. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2016.
6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 (en)  "This is how many MPs each party can send to Parliament". News24. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 8 November 2019. Besoek op 11 Mei 2019.
7. ↑ (en)  "Results Summary – All Ballots" (PDF). elections.org.za. Geargiveer (PDF) vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 Junie 2019. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2016.
8. ↑ (en)  "Indian National Congress and African National Congress sign MoU to boost ties". The Economic Times. 10 Junie 2008. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 17 Februarie 2020. Besoek op 30 Oktober 2019.
9. ↑ (en)  "The Congress Party Model: South Africa's African National Congress (ANC) and India's Indian National Congress (INC) as Dominant Parties". Universiteit van Kaapstad. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 30 Oktober 2019. Besoek op 30 Oktober 2019.

## Eksterne skakels

[wysig | wysig bron]

| Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met African National Congress.

|

* (en)  Amptelike webwerf
* (en)  African National Congress op Facebook
* (af)  African National Congress op Instagram
* (en)  African National Congress op X
* (en)  "African National Congress". Encyclopædia Britannica. Besoek op 30 Oktober 2019.

* l
* b
* w

Politieke partye in Suid-Afrika

Nasionale Vergadering
(met aantal setels)|

* African National Congress (159)
* Demokratiese Alliansie (87)
* MK (58)
* Ekonomiese Vryheidsvegters (39)
* Inkatha-Vryheidsparty (17)
* Vryheidsfront Plus (6)
* ActionSA (6)
* Afrika Christen Demokratiese Party (3)
* United Democratic Movement (3)
* African Transformation Movement (2)
* Al Jama-ah (2)
* BOSA (2)
* RISE Mzansi (2)
* CCC (2)
* GOOD (1)
* UAT (1)
* Pan Africanist Congress (1)

Nasionale Raad van Provinsies
(met aantal setels)|

* African National Congress (54)
* Demokratiese Alliansie (20)
* Ekonomiese Vryheidsvegters (11)
* Vryheidsfront Plus (3)
* Inkatha-Vryheidsparty (2)

Ander partye|

* #Hope4SA
* Abantu Batho Congress
* Able Leadership
* Action Alliance Development Party
* Africa Africans Reclaim
* African Heart Congress
* Africa Restoration Alliance
* Afrika Moslem Party
* African Change Academy
* African Congress for Transformation
* African Congress of Democrats
* African Content Movement
* African Covenant
* African Democratic Change
* African Independent Congress
* African Mantungwa Community
* African Movement Congress
* African People's Convention
* African People's Movement
* African Renaissance Unity Party
* African Security Congress
* Afrikan Alliance of Social Democrats
* Afrikaner Selfbeskikking Party
* Agang
* All Citizens Party
* All Things Are Possible
* Alliance for Transformation for All
* Alliance of Citizens for Change
* Allied Movement for Change
* Azanian People's Organisation
* Better Residents Association
* Black First Land First
* Boerestaat Party
* Bolsheviks Party of South Africa
* Cape Party
* Capitalist Party of South Africa
* Christen Party
* Christen Demokratiese Party
* Christian Political Movement
* Citizans
* Civic Warriors of Maruleng
* Compatriots of South Africa
* Congress of the People
* Conservatives in Action
* Dabalorivhuwa Patriotic Front
* Dagga Party
* Democratic Liberal Congress
* Dikwankwetla Party of South Africa
* Economic Emancipation Forum
* Economic Liberators Forum South Africa
* ECOPEACE Party
* Free Democrats
* Forum for Service Delivery
* Gazankulu Liberation Congress
* Green Party
* Herstigte Nasionale Party
* Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa
* International Revelation Congress
* Independent South African National Civic Organisation
* Karoo Gemeenskap Party
* Keep It Straight and Simple Party
* Kingdom Governance Movement
* Land Party
* Mapsixteen Civic Movement
* Minority Front
* Nasionale Alliansie
* Nasionale Konserwatiewe Party van Suid-Afrika
* Nasionale Party van Suid-Afrika
* National Democratic Convention
* National People's Ambassadors
* National People's Front
* National People's Party
* National Religious Freedom Party
* New South Africa Party
* Northern Cape Communities Movement
* Operation Dudula
* Organic Humanity Movement
* Pan Africanist Movement
* Patriotic Alliance
* Peace and Justice Congress
* The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation
* People's Movement for Change
* Plaaslike Besorgde Inwoners
* Power of Africans Unity
* Referendum Party
* Sizwe Ummah Nation
* Socialist Party of Azania
* Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party
* South African Maintenance and Estate Beneficiaries Association
* South African National Congress of Traditional Authorities
* South African Political Party
* South African Rainbow Alliance
* South African Royal Kingdoms Organization
* Suid-Afrikaanse Kommuniste Party
* Team Sugar South Africa
* Ubuntu Party
* United Christian Democratic Party
* United Africans Transformation
* United Congress
* United Independent Movement
* Uniting People First
* Women Forward
* Workers and Socialist Party
* Workers International Vanguard Party
* Xiluva
* Ximoko Party

Ontbinde partye|

* Abolition of Income Tax and Usury Party
* Afrikanerbond
* Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging
* Afrikanerparty
* Afrikaner Volksfront
* Arbeidersparty (1910)
* Arbeidersparty (1969)
* Christen Demokratiese Alliansie
* Christenfront
* Demokratiese Party (1973)
* Demokratiese Party (1989)
* Democratic Progressive Party
* Democratic Reform Party
* Dominiumparty
* Federale Alliansie
* Federation of Democrats
* Gesuiwerde Nasionale Party
* Herenigde Nasionale Party
* Het Volk
* Onafhanklike Demokrate
* Onafhanklike Party
* Khoisan Aboriginal and Others Movement
* Konserwatiewe Party
* Liberale Party
* Nasionale Aksie
* Nasionale Konserwatiewe Party
* Nasional Party
* Nasionale Unie
* Nasionale Vryheidsparty
* National People's Party
* New Labour Party
* Nuwe Nasionale Party
* Nuwe Republiekparty
* Orangia Unie
* Pro-death Penalty Party
* Progressiewe Federale Party
* Progressiewe Party (1890)
* Progressiewe Party (1959)
* Progressiewe Reformisteparty
* Reformisteparty
* Solidariteit
* South African Business Party
* South African Democratic Congress
* Suid-Afrikaanse Nie-Joodse Nasionale Sosialistiese Beweging
* Suid-Afrikaanse Party (1896)
* Suid-Afrikaanse Party (1910)
* Transkei National Independence Party
* Unionisteparty
* United Independent Front
* Universal Party
* Verenigde Federale Party
* Verenigde Party
* Volksparty
* Workers Party of South Africa

* Lys van politieke partye

* l
* b
* w

Voormalige Bevrydingsbewegings van Suider-Afrika

* ANC
* BDP
* CCM
* FRELIMO
* MPLA
* SWAPO
* ZANU–PF

Normdata

Internasionaal|

* ISNI
* VIAF

Nasionaal|

* Duitsland
* Verenigde State
* Frankryk
* BnF-data
* Australië
* Tsjeggië
* Griekeland
* Swede
* Israel

Kunstenaars|

* ULAN

Ander|

* IdRef

*[l]: Lees hierdie sjabloon
*[b]: Bespreek hierdie sjabloon
*[w]: Wysig hierdie sjabloon