CONTENTS OF THE 16 WEEKS COACHING

To be done by the maritime medical clinic at start

1. The medical clinic does the usual lab analysis including weight, height, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG as usual and selects a possible participant that complies with the inclusing criteria.
2. The clinic Informs the seafarer that the clinical diagnosis is pre-diabetes and overweight, that can be reversed to normal by joining a learning program.
3. The information sheet is given to the seafarer with a short explanation,
4. The clinic gives the results to the Coach, that adds it to the Excel file

To be done by the Seafarer at start
Glucometer & Blood pressure monitor  | The Seafarers who accepts to join the program are asked to buy and bring on board: a Glucometer, and a Blood pressure monitor
Course fees  | Free for the first participants, but later fees to be paid by the participants will be needed after the program has shown to be useful and attractive.
Laboratory tests  | Get a start lab analysis including HbA1c, and Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG part of the medical exams-to be reported in the Excel scheme for registration of data .
Own measures  | Weight kg and Hip Circumference, cm - How to measure
To be done by the Coach at start
Have a first telephone meeting with the seafarer: explains the Excel sheet for the self-recordings .
To be done by the Seafarer and the Coach every week
To be done by the Seafarer:  | Complete the Excel file with the results at the end of each weekMeasure Blood pressure self-test on two selected days a week

Make the Glucosemeter fasting self test on Saturdays Add all the results to the Excel sheet on Saturdays Read and be orientated on the materials for the week meetings

To be done by the Coach:  | Get the name and mobile for the seafarer who wants to join

Invite the seafarer for a short orientation Zoom meeting Stay orientated on the seafarers results and the goals in Excel file Send WhatsApps on all Mondays to the participant and praise the goals and the results obtained

Ask about the readings for this week and the goals Information on the next week materials for readings

Ask for difficulties and do adequate improvements Elaborate and sign a course certificate after 16 weeks participation

To be done by the Seafarer after 16 weeks, 1 year and 2 years (new medical health exam)
Laboratory tests  | Get the lab analysis done including HbA1c, and

Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG (report in the Excel)

Own measures  | Weight kg and Hip Circumference, cm
The specific subjects week by week
Week 1  | Prevention by

Healthy eating

| Healthy eating

"Dont cure - make prevention" How can I reduce my risk of type 2 diabetes and Hypertension?BCH Lecture: How to Stop Prediabetes from Becoming Diabetes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujr9aMX1D1w No-sugar meal plan for prediabetes  Should you have diabetes diet even if you dont have diabetes in the Excel scheme, write down your actual weekly scheme for your eating style and which goals you have .

| Prevention by keeping

Physical fit

| How to stay fit?  Good exercises for prediabetes

Rubber resistance bands for muscle strength training  ISWAN How to do a proper workout on board Do resistance bands really work? in the Excel scheme, write down your actual weekly scheme for physical activity and which goals you have.

Week 2  | Prevention of Pre-diabetes  | What is pre-diabetes type 2 & how to stay healthy(CDC)Pre-diabetes is a serious health condition: What you need to know (Safety4Sea)How to prevent type 2 diabetes
Week 3  | Prevention of High Blood pressure.  | What is blood high blood pressure?(Hypertension) A drug-free approach to lowering high blood pressure Controling hypertension at sea, Gard
Week 4  | Blood glucose  | Normal Values of blood glucoseDiabetes Home Testing

How to use the Glucometer?

| Diabetes & work  | Supporting seafarers with pre-diabetes on board
Week 5  | Welbeing on board  | Welbeing courses for seafarers How to manage seafarers’ mental health challenges
Week 6  | Overweight.  | What is overweight, the health risks and how to prevent
| Obesity  | What is obesity, the health risks and how to prevent?
| Diabetes type 2 Tablets  | Tablets (Metformin) is not the first choice of prevention
Week 8  | Sleep and rest  | Cope with sleep and nightwork
Week 9  | Healthy food  | Cooking course for young seafarers Healthy Eating Diabetes, online Harvard University
| Seafood and Diabetes T 2  | What is the best seafood for Diabetes Type 2 (T2DM)?
| Meats  | Meats for diabetes 2
Week 10  | Snack  | Type 2 Diabetes-Friendly Snacks for When You’re Short on Time
Week 11  | Drink type  | What to drink as prediabetic
Week 12  | Alcohol  | Alcohol and diabetes 2. Calories in different types of alcohol  What should my daily intake of calories be?
Week 13  | Fibers in the food  | Best high fiber snacks for diabetes
Week 14  | Dental care  | ISWAN Dental care for seafarers
Week 15  | Social welbeeing  | ISWAN Seafarers welfare, fitness to prevent Diabetes type 2
Week16  | Evaluation and research  | The seafarer present the goals and the results by using the Excel sheet to the Coach. Were the goals obtained?

Hand out of signed certificates Any proposals for improvement. Information on the ongoing Research

## References[editar | editar código][edit | edit source]

1. ↑ https://en-wikiversity-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Maritime_Diabetes-2_&_Hypertension_Intervention_study?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=es-419&_x_tr_pto=wapp
2. ↑ https://en-wikiversity-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Maritime_Diabetes-2_&_Hypertension_Intervention_study?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=es-419&_x_tr_pto=wapp
3. ↑ https://en-wikiversity-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Maritime_Diabetes-2_&_Hypertension_Intervention_study?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=da&_x_tr_hl=es-419&_x_tr_pto=wapp
4. ↑ Pre-diabetes Coaching Program "Empower your employees to improve their health through lifestyle changes https://www.healthcheck360.com/prediabetes-program
5. ↑ The Effectiveness of Patient Activation Intervention on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Glycemic Control and Self-Management Behaviors: A Systematic Review of RCTs Almutairi, Nasser et al.Primary Care Diabetes 14, no. 1 (February 2020): 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2019.08.009.
6. ↑ The Diabetes Health Coaching Randomized Controlled Trial: Rationale, Design and Baseline Characteristics of Adults Living With Type 2 Diabetes. Sherifali, Diana et al. Canadian Journal of Diabetes 43, no. 7 (October 1, 2019): 477–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.10.004
7. ↑ Jefferson, Vanessa, Sarah S. Jaser, Evie Lindemann, Pamela Galasso, Alison Beale, Marita G. Holl, and Margaret Grey. “Coping Skills Training in a Telephone Health Coaching Program for Youth at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes.” Journal of Pediatric Health Care: Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners 25, no. 3 (2011): 153–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2009.12.003.
8. ↑ Nittari G, Tomassoni D, Di Canio M, Traini E, Pirillo I, Minciacchi A, et al. Overweight among seafarers working on board merchant ships. BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 9;19(1):45
9. ↑ Oldenburg M, Jensen H-J, Latza U, Baur X. Coronary risks among seafarers aboard German-flagged ships. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2008 May;81(6):735–41
10. ↑ Tu M, Jepsen JR. Hypertension among Danish seafarers. Int Marit Health. 2016;67(4):196–204
11. ↑ Herttua K, Ahrenfeldt LJ, Paljarvi T. Risk of major chronic diseases in transport, rescue and security industries: a longitudinal register-based study. Occup Environ Med. 2022 Mar;79(3):162–8.
12. ↑ Kaerlev L, Dahl S, Nielsen PS, Olsen J, Hannerz H, Jensen A, et al. Hospital contacts for chronic diseases among danish seafarers and fishermen: a population-based cohort study. Scand J Public Health. 2007;35(5):481–9.
13. ↑ Baygi F, Djalalinia S, Qorbani M, Dejman M, Nielsen JB. Lifestyle interventions in the maritime settings: a systematic review. Environ Health Prev Med. 2020;25:10
14. ↑ New Guidance on Blood Pressure Management in Low-Risk Adults with Stage 1 Hypertension [Internet]. American College of Cardiology. [cited 2022 Feb 7]. Available from: https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2021/06/21/13/05/http://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2021/06/21/13/05/new-guidance-on-bp-management-in-low-risk-adults-with-stage-1-htn
15. ↑ Alderman MH. Non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension. The Lancet. 1994 Jul 30;344(8918):307–11
16. ↑ Baygi F, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Zyriax B-C, Jensen OC, Bygvraa DA, Oldenburg M, et al. Global overview of dietary outcomes and dietary intake assessment methods in maritime settings: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2021 Aug 21;21(1):1579
17. ↑ Baygi F, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Zyriax B-C, Heitmann BL. Healthy nutrition for seafarers during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Int Marit Health. 2022;73(1):56–7
18. ↑ Taylor R, Al-Mrabeh A, Sattar N. Understanding the mechanisms of reversal of type 2 diabetes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019 Sep 1;7(9):726–36
19. ↑ Saltar a:19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1M9tYb0T1sUPaQZIs-2GvUmr7WPMn9dzz/edit?
20. ↑ https://www.mitliv.dk/artikler-og-vejledninger/motion-og-traening/malsaetning/
21. ↑ https://www.acefitness.org/continuing-education/course/4a5w3vzwx/diabetes-prevention-coaching/
22. ↑ Gershkowitz, Bradley D, Conor J Hillert, and Bradley H Crotty. “Digital Coaching Strategies to Facilitate Behavioral Change in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 106, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): e1513–20. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa850
23. ↑ https://www.seafarerswelfare.org/seafarer-health-information-programme By using and evaluating the Materials over time they will gradually be replaced by newer and based on proposals from the Coaches, the seafarers and the maritime medical doctors
24. ↑ https://safety4sea.com/cm-world-diabetes-day-what-seafarers-need-to-know/
25. ↑ https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/
ed_dialogue/
sector/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_218575.pdf
26. ↑ https://www.girodmedical.es/diagnostico-medico/medicina-general/glucometro.html?gclid=CjwKCAiAsIGrBhAAEiwAEzMlCz636IZl6_pYjqjyYxrciMvfindOYEuoGMp45kCW1z766IozzJ_rqhoCuJEQAvD_BwE
27. ↑ https://www.promofarma.com/en/blood-pressure-monitors/c-539
28. ↑ https://www.google.com/search?q=how+to+measure+hip+circumference&rlz=1C5CHFA_enPA1007PA1007&oq=how+to+measure+hip+circumference&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyCwgAEEUYExg5GIAEMgkIARAAGBMYgAQyCQgCEAAYExiABDIKCAMQABgTGBYYHjIKCAQQABgTGBYYHjIKCAUQABgTGBYYHjIKCAYQABgTGBYYHjIKCAcQABgTGBYYHjIKCAgQABgTGBYYHjIKCAkQABgTGBYYHtIBCjE2MDE5ajBqMTWoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:33e8e07c,vid:NkqopFdbP9A,st:0
29. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/how-to-eat-a-balanced-diet/eight-tips-for-healthy-eating/
30. ↑ https://www.preventionatsea.com/
31. ↑ https://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/types-of-diabetes/type-2/can-diabetes-be-prevented
32. ↑ no-sugar-meal-plan-for-prediabetes
33. ↑ https://www.carepartnersct.com/wellness/should-you-have-diabetes-diet-even-if-you-dont-have-diabetes
34. ↑ https://nfa.dk/da/Vaerktoejer/Andre-vaerktoejer/Smaaoevelser
35. ↑ Saltar a:35.0 35.1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0TX-SETl8g
36. ↑ https://www.fitterfly.com/blog/best-exercises-for-prediabetes/
37. ↑ https://safety4sea.com/how-to-do-a-proper-work-out-on board/ How to do a proper work out on board
38. ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/index.html
39. ↑ Prediabetes is a serious health condition what you need to know https://safety4sea.com/cm-prediabetes-is-a-serious-health-condition-what-you-need-to-know (Safety4sea)
40. ↑ https://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/types-of-diabetes/type-2/preventing
41. ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/about.htm.
42. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/high-blood-pressure/art-20045206
43. ↑ https://www.gard.no/web/articles?documentId=34050827
44. ↑ https://www.preving.com/ca/glucemia-postprandial/
45. ↑ https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/home-tests
46. ↑ https://www.accu-chek.com/blog/glucose-meter-accuracy#:~:text=FDA: Readings are 95 percent,has proven to be accurate
47. ↑ https://www.frederiksen-scientific.dk/webshop/biologi/fysiologi/blod/glucometer-contour-next
48. ↑ https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/life-with-diabetes/employment/employers
49. ↑ https://www.missiontoseafarers.org/wecare/training
50. ↑ https://safety4sea.com/american-club-how-to-manage-seafarers-mental-health-challenges/
51. ↑ https://www.seafarerswelfare.org/seafarer-health-information-programme/overweight/overweight-a-guide-for-seafarers
52. ↑ http://handbook.maritimemedicine.com/index.php/obesity
53. ↑ https://www.johnmuirhealth.com/health-education/conditions-treatments/diabetes-articles/managing-pre-diabetes-preventing-diabetes.html
54. ↑ https://www.gard.no/web/articles?documentId=30704649
55. ↑ https://shw.dk/nyheder/2023/9/6/nyt-at-sea-magasin-stort-tema-om-svn-og-natarbejde
56. ↑ https://shw.dk/madlavningskursus?locale=en
57. ↑ https://pll.harvard.edu/course/healthy-eating-type-2-diabetes
58. ↑ https://www.lark.com/resources/what-to-eat-for-prediabetes
59. ↑ https://www.everydayhealth.com/type-2-diabetes/diet/the-best-seafood-for-diabetes/
60. ↑ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/meats-for-diabetes
61. ↑ https://www.healthline.com/health/type-2-diabetes/grab-and-go-snacks#nuts
62. ↑ https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/drinks-for-diabetics
63. ↑ https://diabetes.org/health-wellness/alcohol-and-diabetes
64. ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000886.htm
65. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/food-and-diet/what-should-my-daily-intake-of-calories-be/#:~:text=An ideal daily intake of,women and 2,500 for men.
66. ↑ https://www.eatingwell.com/article/8048547/best-high-fiber-snacks-for-diabetes/
67. ↑ https://www.seafarerswelfare.org/seafarer-health-information-programme/dental/dental-care-a-guide-for-seafarers
68. ↑ https://www.seafarerswelfare.org/seafarer-health-information-programme/fit-on-board

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* The Maritime Diabetes-2 & Hypertension Intervention study

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