Culture shock

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Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, disorientation, uncertainty, confusion, etc.) felt when people have to operate within an entirely different cultural or social environment, such as a foreign country. It grows out of the difficulties in assimilating the new culture, causing difficulty in knowing what is appropriate and what is not. This is often combined a dislike for or even disgust (moral or aesthetical) with certain aspects of the new or different culture. The term was introduced for the first time in 1954 by Kalvero Oberg.

## See also

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* Cross-cultural training
* Cultural adaptation
* Culture shock (Wikipedia)

## References

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1. Adler, P. S. (1975). The transitional experience: An alternative view of culture shock. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15, 13–23.
2. Anderson, B. G. (1971). Adaptive aspects of culture shock. American Anthropologist, 73, 1121–1125.
3. Pantelidou, S., & Craig, T. K. J. (2006). Culture shock and social support. Social Psychiatry, 41, 777–781.
4. Smith, M. Z. (2006).The continuing process of cultural adjustment. The International Journal of Humanities and Peace, 49, 39–41.
5. Storti, C. (1990). The art of crossing cultures. Publisher location: Intercultural Press.
6. Winkelman, M. (1994). Cultural shock and adaptation. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73, 121-126.
7. See also w:Culture shock#References and Google Scholar "culture shock" search