Experiment

In scientific research, an experiment is a method of investigating causal relationships among variables, or to test a hypothesis. An experiment is a cornerstone of the empirical approach to acquiring data about the world and is used in both w:natural sciences and social sciences. An experiment can be used to help solve practical problems and to support or negate theoretical assumptions. An important aspect of experiments is random assignment.

## By type

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Psychology

* Single case experiments (N = 1):
* Focus on behaviour of a single person rather than average behaviour of a group.
* Record baseline observations, compare with behaviour after treatment.
* Manipulate IV – therefore more control than a case study
* Often used in applied behaviour analysis
* Quasi-experiment (Wikipedia)
* Posttest design
* Pretest-posttest design
* Solomon four-group design (Wikipedia)
* Repeated measures

Biology

* In vitro
* In silico, and In papyro
* In vivo
* Ex vivo

## Scientific method

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* Hypothesis
* Random assignment
* Research questions

## Readings

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Wikipedia

* Design of experiments
* Experimental design (Template)
* List of experiments
* Scientific model
* Scientific method
* Statistics (Template)