Physical Properties

## What are Physical Properties?

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All matter has mass (it's made of stuff) and it has volume (takes up an amount of space).

Physical Properties: Descriptions of matter that can be observed without changing it into a new substance.

### What is Density?

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Density describes how "packed in" the mass is within that volume. In other words, how compact is the stuff.

EX: A marshmallow and a golf ball have the same size, but different mass. The golf ball has higher density (has more mass)
EX: A kilogram of steel and a kilogram of feathers have the same weight, but different density. The kilogram of steel has a higher density.

Gases and Liquids have densities too! That's why they sometimes form layers when put in the same container.

### Vocab

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A bowling ball and 2 pins

* Density \- Describes how compact the matter is in a substance. A bowling ball is more dense than a beach ball.
* Color \- Describes how light reflects off a substance.
* Luster \- Describes how shiny a substance is. A diamond has higher luster (more shinier) than a tree bark.
* Texture \- Describes the smoothness/roughness of a substance.
* Odor \- Describes the smell of a substance.
* Hardness \- Describes a substance's ability to resist shape change. Doesn't always mean "strength".
* Conductivity \- Describes how well a substance allows heat or electricity to flow through it. How conductivity substances are called insulators.
* Malleability \- Describes how easily a substance can be formed into new shapes.
* Ductility \- Describes how well a substance can be pulled into thin wires.
* Magnetism \- Describes if a substance attracts or repels magnets
* Solubillity \- Describes how well a substance dissolves in another substance like sugar stirred in water.
* State of Matter \- Describes whether a substance is solid, liquid, or a gas.
* Melting/Freezing Point \- Describes the temperature at which a solid turns liquid or vice versa.
* Boiling/Condensation Point \- Describes the temperature at which a liquid turns gas or vice versa.