Precision Global Health

Headquarters of the World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. SDG3: Good Health and Well-being - Learning Resouce supports the SDG-Tagging \- [1] SDG11: Sustainable Cities and Communities - Learning Resource supports the SDGs - UN-Guidelines[2] Resource Management for the Response in the Risk Management Cycle

Precision Global health is tailored approach for the health of populations in the global context of Public Health;[3]. Different regions differ in their requirements and constraints for global health measures and therefore global health interventions that work very well in one region might be not as effective in other regions. Potential drivers for the difference in prevalence of diseases and/or mortality are represented by a spatial analysis, that provides granular information which measures have more impact in specific reqions areas in a global comparision. A "precision" approach to global health contributes to the progress towards regional and localized health intervention with regard of the area of study, research and practice. Furthermore e.g. the geographically tailored global health interventions and measures places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.[4] Problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact are often emphasized.[5] Precision global health is about the identification of local and regional requirements and constraints on the global scale and represent these scientific results in a Spatial Decision Support System. The precision aims to address worldwide health improvement (including mental health) with regional and local measures and a feedback loop into the Spatial Decision Support System, how successful these tailored intervention were. The tailored regional interventions are successful if they repects the national or regional requirements and constraints, reduce regional and global disparities, and create a globally coherent approach for protection against global threats that disregard national borders.[6]

## Learning Tasks

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* (Spatial Decision Support System) Explore the concept of an Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) and explain the role of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for a Precision Global Health Approach!
* (Precision Agriculture and One Health) Analyze the concept of precision agriculture and the use of agrochemicals. Analyse the similarities and differences of Precision Agriculture and precision global health. If you considere the linkage between
* Human Health,
* Environmental Health and
* .Animal Health

(see One Health) the both approaches are link by loss of biodiversity, exposure to nephrotoxic chemicals in the environment and to humans. Explore the scientific evidence for these links and suggest some tailored interventions for the regions you live in. How can data be collected to identify regional and local global health requirements and constraints and how can this data be used for tailored regional global health interventions. Consider global challenges in the health domain and discuss the local and regional contributions to these global challenges.

* (Resource Management) Analyse the concept of Resource Management and define the need to integrate that concept in Precision Global Health (see also AccessMod)
* (Benefits of Space for Global Health) Analyse the benefits of Space for Global Health on the UNOOSA Web site and analyse the contribution of space technology for precision global health. Discuss the PROs and CONs of Space Technology in the context of global health.

## Global Health and United Nations

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The predominant agency associated with global health (and international health) is the World Health Organization (WHO). Other important agencies impacting global health include UNICEF and World Food Programme. The United Nations system has also played a part with cross-sectoral actions to address global health and its underlying socioeconomic determinants with the declaration of the Millennium Development Goals[7] and the more recent Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore United Nations has established a working group for Space and Global Health[8].

## Further reading

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* Jacobsen, Kathryn (2008). Introduction to Global Health. Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN 9780763751593.
* Levine, Ruth (2007). Case Studies in Global Health: Millions Saved. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 9780763746209. https://books.google.com/books/about/Case_Studies_in_Global_Health.html?id=fafpHV26iK8C.
* Palmer, Steven Paul (2010). Launching Global Health: The Caribbean Odyssey of the Rockefeller Foundation. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0472070893.
* Singer, Merrill; Erickson, Pamela I. (2013). Global Health: An Anthropological Perspective. Waveland Press. ISBN 9781478610281. https://books.google.com/books/about/Global_Health.html?id=kXMfAAAAQBAJ.
* Skolnik, Richard (2008). Essentials of Global Health. Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN 9780763734213. https://books.google.com/books/about/Essentials_of_Global_Health.html?id=XBARu3KzSNAC.
* Skolnik, Richard (2011). Global Health 101. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 9780763797522.
* Spiegel, Jerry M.; Huish, Robert (2009). "Canadian foreign aid for global health: Human security opportunity lost". Canadian Foreign Policy Journal 15 (3): 60–84. doi:10.1080/11926422.2009.9673492. ISSN 1192-6422.
* Taylor, Allyn L.; Hwenda, Lenias; Larsen, Bjørn-Inge; Daulaire, Nils (2011). "Stemming the Brain Drain — A WHO Global Code of Practice on International Recruitment of Health Personnel". New England Journal of Medicine 365 (25): 2348–2351. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1108658. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 22187983.
* White, Franklin; Stallones, Lorann; Last, John M. (2013). Global Public Health: Ecological Foundations. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199751907.

## External links

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* Global Health Initiative – free courses on the world's top diseases
* GlobalHealth.gov (hosted by U.S. Department of Health & Human Services)
* Action Team 6 Follow-Up Initiative \- Member State Activity for improvement of Public Health by application of Space Technology.

## See also

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* Public Health
* Spatial Decision Support System
* Precision Agriculture
* One Health
* Global Challenges
* Global mental health
* Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health
* Health system
* Public health
* Social determinants of health
* Universal health care
* Migrant health
* Child health and nutrition in Africa
* CAB Direct – Global Health database

## References

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1. ↑ UN-Guidelines for Use of SDG logo and the 17 SDG icons (2016/10) - http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/UN-Guidelines-for-Use-of-SDG-logo-and-17-icons.October-2016.pdf
2. ↑ UN-Guidelines for Use of SDG logo and the 17 SDG icons (2016/10) - http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/UN-Guidelines-for-Use-of-SDG-logo-and-17-icons.October-2016.pdf
3. ↑ "The World Health Organization and the transition from "international" to "global" public health". Am J Public Health 96 (1): 62–72. January 2006. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831. PMID 16322464. PMC 1470434. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1470434/.
4. ↑ "Towards a common definition of global health". Lancet 373 (9679): 1993–5. June 2009. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9. PMID 19493564.
5. ↑ Global Health Initiative (2008). Why Global Health Matters. Washington, DC: FamiliesUSA. http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
6. ↑ "In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions". J Public Health Policy 29 (4): 383–401. December 2008. doi:10.1057/jphp.2008.25. PMID 19079297.
7. ↑ "Millennium Development Goals". United Nations. Retrieved 2013-03-15.
8. ↑ UNOOSA - Scientific and Technical Subcommittee (2019) Working Group for Space and Global Health URL: https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/copuos/stsc/gh/index.html (accessed 2020/02/07)

## Page Information

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This page was based on the following Wikipedia source page:

* Global health https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global health
* Date: 2/9/2020 - Source History Wikipedia
* Wikipedia2Wikiversity-Converter: https://niebert.github.com/Wikipedia2Wikiversity