Linux Foundation

The Linux Foundation

Predecessor|

* Open Source Development Labs
* Free Standards Group

Formation| 2000; 24 years ago (2000)
Type| 501(c)(6) organization
Purpose| Build sustainable ecosystems around open source projects to accelerate technology development and commercial adoption.
Location|

* San Francisco, California

Membership

| 1,000+ corporate members[1]

Key people

Key people

* Linus Torvalds
* Jim Zemlin
* Mike Woster
* Mike Dolan
* Karen Copenhaver
* Abby Kearns
* Arpit Joshipura
* Brian Behlendorf
* Andy Updegrove
* Angela Brown
* Chris Aniszczyk
* Heather Kirksey
* Kate Stewart
* Dan Cauchy
* Noriaki Fukuyasu
* Clyde Seepersad
* Dan Kohn
* Calista Redmond
* Robin Ginn
* Shubhra Kar

Employees

| 150
Website| www.linuxfoundation.org

Jim Zemlin at the opening of the LinuxCon Europe 2014

Linus Torvalds at LinuxCon North America 2016

The Linux Foundation (LF) is a non-profit technology consortium founded in 2000 as a merger between Open Source Development Labs and the Free Standards Group to standardize Linux, support its growth, and promote its commercial adoption. It also hosts and promotes the collaborative development of open source software projects.[2][3][4]

It began in 2000 under the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) and became the organization it is today when OSDL merged with the Free Standards Group (FSG). The Linux Foundation sponsors the work of Linux creator Linus Torvalds and lead maintainer Greg Kroah-Hartman and is supported by members such as AT&T, Cisco, Fujitsu, Google, Hitachi, Huawei, IBM, Intel, Microsoft,[5] NEC, Oracle, Orange S.A., Qualcomm, Samsung,[6] Tencent, and VMware, as well as developers from around the world.

In recent years, the Linux Foundation has expanded its services through events, training and certification, and open source projects. Projects hosted at the Linux Foundation include Automotive Grade Linux, Open Network Automation Platform (ONAP), Hyperledger, Cloud Native Computing Foundation, Cloud Foundry Foundation, Xen Project, and many others.

## Contents

* 1 Goals
* 2 Initiatives
* 2.1 Community Data License Agreement (CDLA)
* 2.2 Linux.com
* 2.3 Training and Certification
* 2.4 Patent Commons Project
* 3 Linux Foundation Projects
* 3.1 AllJoyn
* 3.2 Automotive Grade Linux
* 3.2.1 AGL technology
* 3.3 Carrier Grade Linux
* 3.4 CD Foundation
* 3.5 Cloud Foundry
* 3.6 Cloud Native Computing Foundation
* 3.7 CHAOSS
* 3.8 Code Aurora Forum
* 3.9 CORD
* 3.10 Core Embedded Linux Project
* 3.11 Core Infrastructure Initiative
* 3.12 Delta Lake
* 3.13 DiaMon Workgroup
* 3.14 DPDK
* 3.15 Dronecode
* 3.16 EdgeX Foundry
* 3.17 ELISA
* 3.18 FD.io
* 3.19 FOSSology
* 3.20 FRRouting
* 3.21 GraphQL Foundation
* 3.22 Hyperledger
* 3.23 IO Visor
* 3.24 IoTivity
* 3.25 JanusGraph
* 3.26 JS Foundation
* 3.27 Kinetic Open Storage Project
* 3.28 Linux Standard Base
* 3.29 Long Term Support Initiative
* 3.30 MLflow
* 3.31 Node.js Foundation
* 3.32 ODPi
* 3.33 ONOS
* 3.34 Open API Initiative (OAI)
* 3.35 OpenBMC
* 3.36 OpenChain
* 3.37 Open Container Initiative
* 3.38 OpenDaylight
* 3.39 OpenJS Foundation
* 3.40 Open Mainframe Project
* 3.41 OpenMAMA
* 3.42 OpenMessaging
* 3.43 OpenPrinting
* 3.44 OpenSDS
* 3.45 Open vSwitch
* 3.46 ONAP
* 3.47 OPNFV
* 3.48 PNDA
* 3.49 R Consortium
* 3.50 Real-Time Linux
* 3.51 RethinkDB
* 3.52 RISC-V Foundation
* 3.53 SPDX
* 3.54 SNAS.io
* 3.55 Tizen
* 3.56 TODO
* 3.57 Xen Project
* 3.58 Yocto Project
* 3.59 Zephyr Project
* 4 Community Stewardship
* 4.1 Goodwill partnership
* 4.2 Community Developer Travel Fund
* 4.3 Community Specification
* 4.4 Core Infrastructure Initiative
* 4.5 Open Compliance Program
* 5 Members
* 5.1 Corporate members
* 5.2 Affiliates
* 6 Funding
* 6.1 Use of donations
* 7 Events
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Goals

The Linux Foundation is dedicated to building sustainable ecosystems around open source projects to accelerate technology development and commercial adoption. It is the home of Linux creator Linus Torvalds and lead maintainer Greg Kroah-Hartman, and provides a neutral home where Linux kernel development can be protected and accelerated for years to come.

It also fosters innovation by hosting collaborative events among the Linux technical community, software developers, industry, and end users to solve pressing issues facing Linux and open source.

The Linux Foundation supports the Linux community by offering technical information and education through its annual events, such as Open Source Leadership Summit, Linux Kernel Developers Summit, and Open Source Summit (formerly known as LinuxCon,[7] inaugurated in September 2009). A developer travel fund[8] is available.

## Initiatives

### Community Data License Agreement (CDLA)

Introduced in October 2017,[9] the Community Data License Agreement (CDLA) is a legal framework for sharing data.[10] There are two initial CDLA licenses:

* The CDLA-Sharing license was designed to embody the principles of copyleft in a data license. It puts terms in place to ensure that downstream recipients can use and modify that data, and are also required to share their changes to the data.
* The CDLA-Permissive agreement is similar to permissive open source licenses in that the publisher of data allows anyone to use, modify and do what they want with the data with no obligations to share changes or modifications.

### Linux.com

On March 3, 2009, the Linux Foundation announced that they would take over the management of Linux.com from its previous owners, SourceForge, Inc.

The site was relaunched on May 13, 2009, shifting away from its previous incarnation as a news site to become a central source for Linux tutorials, information, software, documentation and answers across the server, desktop/netbook, mobile, and embedded areas. It also includes a directory of Linux software and hardware.

Much like Linux itself, Linux.com plans to rely on the community to create and drive the content and conversation.

### Training and Certification

The Linux Foundation Training Program features instructors and content straight from the leaders of the Linux developer and open source communities.

Participants receive Linux training that is vendor-neutral, technically advanced, and created with the actual leaders of the Linux development community themselves. The Linux Foundation Linux training courses, both online and in-person (at events and corporate onsite,) give attendees the broad, foundational knowledge and networking needed to thrive in their careers.

In March 2014, The Linux Foundation and edX partnered to offer a free massive open online class titled Introduction to Linux.[11] This was the first in a series of ongoing free offerings from both organizations whose current catalogue of MOOCs include Intro to Devops, Intro to Cloud Foundry and Cloud Native Software Architecture, Intro to Apache Hadoop, Intro to Cloud Infrastructure Technologies, and Intro to OpenStack[12]

In December 2015, The Linux Foundation introduced a self-paced course designed to help prepare administrators for the OpenStack Foundation's Certified OpenStack Administrator exam.[13]

As part of a partnership with Microsoft, it was announced in December 2015 that the Linux on Azure certification would be awarded to individuals who pass both the Microsoft Exam 70-533 (Implementing Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Solutions) and the Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator (LFCS) exam.[14]

In early 2017 at the annual Open Source Leadership Summit, it was announced that The Linux Foundation would begin offering an Inclusive Speaker Orientation course in partnership with the National Center for Women & Information Technology. The free course is designed to give participants "practical skills to promote inclusivity in their presentations."[15]

### Patent Commons Project

The patent commons consists of all patented software which has been made available to the open source community. For software to be considered to be in the commons the patent owner must guarantee that developers will not be sued for infringement, though there may be some restrictions on the use of the patented code. The concept was first given substance by Red Hat in 2001 when it published its Patent Promise.[16]

The Patent Commons Project was launched on November 15, 2005 by the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL). The core of the project is an online patent commons reference library aggregating and documenting information about patent-related pledges and other legal solutions directed at the open-source software community. (As of 2015) the project listed 53 patents.[17]

## Linux Foundation Projects

Linux Foundation Projects[18] (originally "Collaborative Projects") are independently funded software projects that harness the power of collaborative development to fuel innovation across industries and ecosystems. More than 500 companies and thousands of developers from around the world contribute to these open source software projects.

As of September 2015, the total lines of source code present in Linux Foundation's Collaborative Projects are 115,013,302. The estimated, total amount of effort required to retrace the steps of collaborative development for these projects is 41,192.25 person years. In other words, it would take 1,356 developers 30 years to recreate the code bases. At that time, the total economic value of development costs of Linux Foundation Collaborative Projects was estimated at $5 billion.[19] Through continued investment in open source projects and growth in the number of projects hosted, this number rose to $15.6 billion by September 2017.

Some of the projects include (alphabetical order):

### AllJoyn

AllJoyn is an open source application framework for connected devices and services was formed under Allseen Alliance in 2013. The project is now sponsored as an independent Linux Foundation project by the Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF).

### Automotive Grade Linux

Automotive Grade LinuxType| Open Source project under The Linux Foundation

|

Headquarters| San Francisco, Calif.

Key people

| Dan Cauchy, Executive Director
Website| www.automotivelinux.org

Automotive Grade Linux[20] (AGL) is a collaborative open source project developing a Linux-based, open platform for the connected car that can serve as the de facto standard for the industry. Although initially focused on In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI), the AGL roadmap includes instrument cluster, heads up display, telematics and autonomous driving.[21] The goals of AGL are to provide:

* An automotive-focused core Linux operating system stack that meets common and shared requirements of the automotive ecosystem
* A transparent, collaborative and open environment for Automotive OEMs, Tier One suppliers, and their semiconductor and software vendors to create in-vehicle software
* A collective voice for working with other open source projects and developing new open source solutions
* An embedded Linux distribution that enables rapid prototyping for developers new to Linux or teams with prior open source experience[22]

#### AGL technology

On June 30, 2014, AGL announced their first release, which was based on Tizen IVI and was primarily for demo applications.[23] AGL expanded the first reference platform with the Unified Code Base (UCB) distribution.[24] The first UCB release, nicknamed Agile Albacore, was released in January 2016 and leverages software components from AGL, Tizen and GENIVI Alliance. UCB 2.0, nicknamed Brilliant Blowfish, was made available in July 2016 and included new features like rear seat display, video playback, audio routing and application framework.[25] UCB 3.0, or Charming Chinook[26] was released in January 2017. AGL plans to support additional use cases such as instrument clusters and telematics systems.

### Carrier Grade Linux

The "CGL" Workgroup's main purpose is to "interface with network equipment providers and carriers to gather requirements and produce specifications that Linux distribution vendors can implement."[27] It also serves to use unimplemented requirements to foster development projects that will assist in the upstream integration of these requirements.

### CD Foundation

The Continuous Delivery Foundation serves as the vendor-neutral home of many of the fastest-growing projects for continuous delivery, including Jenkins, Jenkins X, Spinnaker, and Tekton. It supports DevOps practitioners with an open model, training, industry guidelines, and a portability focus.

### Cloud Foundry

Cloud Foundry is an open source, multi cloud application platform as a service (PaaS) governed by the Cloud Foundry Foundation, a 501(c)(6) organization. In January 2015, the Cloud Foundry Foundation was created as an independent not-for-profit Linux Foundation Project. The foundation exists to increase awareness and adoption of Cloud Foundry, grow the contributor community, and create a cohesive strategy across all member companies. The Foundation serves as a neutral party holding all Cloud Foundry intellectual property.

### Cloud Native Computing Foundation

CloudNativeDay 2016

Founded in 2015, the Cloud Native Computing Foundation[28] (CNCF) exists to help advance container technology[29] and align the tech industry around its evolution. It was announced with Kubernetes 1.0, an open source container cluster manager, which was contributed to the foundation by Google as a seed technology. Today, CNCF is backed by over 450 sponsors. Founding members include Google, CoreOS, Mesosphere, Red Hat, Twitter, Huawei, Intel, Cisco, IBM, Docker, Univa, and VMware.[30][31]

### CHAOSS

The Community Health Analytics Open Source Software (CHAOSS) project was announced at the 2017 Open Source Summit North America in Los Angeles.[32] Overall, the project aims to provide transparency and health and security metrics for open-source projects.[33]

### Code Aurora Forum

Code Aurora Forum is a consortium of companies with projects serving the mobile wireless industry. Software projects it concerns itself with are e.g. Android for MSM, Femto Linux Project, LLVM, MSM WLAN and Linux-MSM.

### CORD

"CORD" (Central Office Re-Orchestrated as a Datacenter) combines SDN, NFV and cloud with commodity infrastructure and open building blocks. The project was introduced by ON.Lab in June 2015 at the Open Networking Summit. Its team was originally composed of AT&T, The Linux Foundation's ONOS project, PMC-Sierra, and Sckipio.

### Core Embedded Linux Project

Started in 2003, the Core Embedded Linux Project aims to provide a vendor-neutral place to establish core embedded Linux technologies beyond those of The Linux Foundation's Projects. From the start, any Linux Foundation member company has been allowed to apply for membership in the Core Embedded Linux Project.

### Core Infrastructure Initiative

Announced on 25 April 2014 in the wake of Heartbleed to fund and support free and open-source software projects that are critical to the functioning of the Internet.

### Delta Lake

Delta Lake is an open-source storage layer that brings ACID transactions to Apache Spark™ and big data workloads.

### DiaMon Workgroup

The DiaMon Workgroup works toward improving interoperability between open source tools and improve Linux-based tracing, profiling, logging, and monitoring features. According to the workgroup, DiaMon "aims to accelerate this development by making it easier to work together on common pieces."[34]

### DPDK

The Data Plane Development Kit consists of libraries to accelerate CPU architecture-running packet processing workloads. According to Intel, "DPDK can improve packet processing performance by up to ten times."[35]

### Dronecode

Started in 2014, Dronecode began as an open source, collaborative project to unite current and future open source drone initiatives under the auspices of The Linux Foundation. The goal is a common, shared open source stack for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Chris Anderson (CEO of 3D Robotics & founder of DIY Drones) serves as the chairman of the board of directors. Lorenz Meier, creator of PX4, MAVLink, QGC, and Pixhawk serves as the community representative on the Board.

### EdgeX Foundry

Founded in 2017, EdgeX Foundry acts as a vendor-neutral interoperability framework. It is hosted in a hardware and OS agnostic reference platform and seeks to enable an ecosystem of plug-and-play components, uniting the marketplace and accelerating IoT deployment. The project wants to enable collaborators to freely work on open and interoperable IoT solutions with existing and self-created connectivity standards.

### ELISA

The ELISA (Enabling Linux In Safety Applications) project was started to make it easier for companies to build and certify Linux kernel-based safety-critical applications – systems whose failure could result in loss of human life, significant property damage or environmental damage. ELISA members are working together to define and maintain a common set of tools and processes that can help companies demonstrate that a Linux-based system meets the necessary safety requirements for certification. https://elisa.tech/

### FD.io

The Fast Data Project-referred to as "Fido"- provides an IO services framework for the next wave of network and storage software. In the stack, FD.io is the universal data plane. "FD.io runs completely in the user space," said Ed Warnicke[36] (consulting engineer with Cisco and chair of the FD.io technical steering committee).

### FOSSology

FOSSology is primarily a project dedicated to an open source license compliance software system and toolkit. Users are able to run license, copyright and export control scans from the command line. A database and web UI provide a compliance workflow.[37]

### FRRouting

FRRouting (FRR) is an IP routing protocol suite for Unix and Linux platforms. It incorporates protocol daemons for BGP, IS-IS, LDP, OSPF, PIM, and RIP.

### GraphQL Foundation

Main page: Software:GraphQL

On 7 November 2018, the GraphQL project was moved from Facebook to the newly-established GraphQL Foundation, hosted by the non-profit Linux Foundation.[38][39]

### Hyperledger

The Hyperledger project is a global, open source effort based around advancing cross-industry blockchain technologies. In addition to being hosted by The Linux Foundation, it is backed by finance, banking, IoT, supply chain, manufacturing and technology leaders.[40] The project is the foundation's fastest growing to date,[41] boasting over 115 members since founding in 2016. In May 2016, co-founder of the Apache Software Foundation, Brian Behlendorf, joined the project as its executive director.

### IO Visor

IO Visor is an open source project and community of developers that will enable a new way to innovate, develop and share IO and networking functions. It will advance IO and networking technologies to address new requirements presented by cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV).

### IoTivity

IoTivity is an OSS framework enabling seamless device-to-device connectivity to aid the Internet of Things as it grows. While Allseen Alliance and Open Connectivity Foundation merged in October 2016, the IoT projects of each (AllJoyn and IoTivity, respectively) will continue operating under The Linux Foundation. The two projects will "collaborate to support future versions of the OCF specification with a single IoTivity implementation."[42]

### JanusGraph

Main page: Software:JanusGraph

JanusGraph aims to continue open source development of the TitanDB graph database. It is a fork TitanDB, "the distributed graph database that was originally released in 2012 to enable users to find connections among large data sets composed of billions of vertices and edges."[43]

### JS Foundation

JS Foundation existed from 2016 to 2019.[44] It was created in 2016 when the Dojo Foundation merged with jQuery Foundation, which merged subsequently rebranded itself as JS Foundation and became a Linux Foundation project.[45][46][47] In 2019, the JS Foundation merged with the Node.js Foundation to form the new OpenJS Foundation[48][49] with a stated mission to foster healthy growth of the JavaScript and web ecosystem as a whole.[50]

### Kinetic Open Storage Project

The Kinetic Open Storage Project is dedicated to creating an open source standard around Ethernet-enabled, key/value Kinetic devices for accessing their drives. By creating this standard, it expands the available ecosystem of software, hardware, and systems developers. The project is the result of an alliance including major hard drive manufacturers- Seagate, Toshiba and Western Digital- in addition to Cisco, Cleversafe, Dell, DigitalSense, NetApp, Open vStorage, Red Hat and Scality.[51]

### Linux Standard Base

The Linux Standard Base, or LSB, is a joint project by several Linux distributions under the organizational structure of the Linux Foundation to standardize the software system structure, or filesystem hierarchy, used with Linux operating system. The LSB is based on the POSIX specification, the Single UNIX Specification, and several other open standards, but extends them in certain areas.

According to the LSB:

> The goal of the LSB is to develop and promote a set of open standards that will increase compatibility among Linux distributions and enable software applications to run on any compliant system even in binary form. In addition, the LSB will help coordinate efforts to recruit software vendors to port and write products for Linux Operating System.

The LSB compliance may be certified for a product by a certification procedure.[52]

The LSB specifies for example: standard libraries, a number of commands and utilities that extend the POSIX standard, the layout of the file system hierarchy, run levels, the printing system, including spoolers such as CUPS and tools like Foomatic and several extensions to the X Window System.

### Long Term Support Initiative

LTSI is a project created/supported by Hitachi, LG Electronics, NEC, Panasonic, Qualcomm Atheros, Renesas Electronics, Samsung Electronics, Sony and Toshiba, hosted at The Linux Foundation. It aims to maintain a common Linux base for use in a variety of consumer electronics products.

### MLflow

MLflow is an open source platform to manage the ML lifecycle, including experimentation, reproducibility, deployment, and a central model registry.

### Node.js Foundation

The Node.js Foundation existed from 2015 to 2019.[53] In 2019, the Node.js Foundation merged with the JS Foundation to form the new OpenJS Foundation.[48][49] with a stated mission to foster healthy growth of the JavaScript and web ecosystem as a whole.[50]

### ODPi

ODPi hosts open source projects that accelerate the development and delivery of big data solutions.[54] It aims to deliver well-defined open source and open data technologies that run across distributed devices. It promotes these technologies worldwide through certification programs and other forms of marketing.

### ONOS

ONOS (Open Network Operating System) is an open source community with a mission of bringing the promise of software-defined networking (SDN) to communications service providers in order to make networks more agile for mobile and data center applications with better economics for both users and providers.

### Open API Initiative (OAI)

OAI is committed to standardizing how REST APIs are described. SmartBear Software has donated the Swagger Specification directly to the initiative.[55] The new name for the specification is OpenAPI Specification.

### OpenBMC

The OpenBMC project is a collaborative open-source project whose goal is to produce an open source implementation of the Baseboard Management Controllers (BMC) Firmware Stack.[56][57]

### OpenChain

OpenChain Project is centered around managing enterprise compliance in open source supply chains. Generally, the project is described as "a community effort to establish best practices for effective management of open source software compliance."[58]

### Open Container Initiative

In 2015, Docker & CoreOS launched the Open Container Initiative in partnership with The Linux Foundation to create a set of industry standards in the open around container formats and runtime.[59]

### OpenDaylight

OpenDaylight is the leading open SDN platform, which aims to accelerate the adoption of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) in service provider, enterprise and research networks.

### OpenJS Foundation

The OpenJS Foundation[48] was founded in 2019 from a merger of JS Foundation and Node.js Foundation.[49] Its stated mission is to foster healthy growth of the JavaScript and web ecosystem by providing a neutral organization to host projects and collaboratively fund activities that benefit the ecosystem as a whole.[50] The OpenJS Foundation is made up of 29 open source JavaScript projects including Appium, Dojo, jQuery, and Node.js, and webpack.[60] Founding members included Google, Microsoft, IBM, PayPal, GoDaddy, and Joyent.[49]

### Open Mainframe Project

The Open Mainframe Project aims to drive harmony across the mainframe community and to developed shared tool sets and resources. The project also endeavors to heighten participation of academic institutions in educating mainframe Linux engineers and developers.

### OpenMAMA

OpenMAMA (Open Middleware Agnostic Messaging API) is a lightweight vendor-neutral integration layer for systems built on top of a variety of message-oriented middleware.

### OpenMessaging

Announced in October 2017, the goal of OpenMessaging is to act as a vendor-neutral open standard for distributed messaging/stream. The project is supported by Alibaba, Verizon's Oath business unit, and others.[61]

### OpenPrinting

Linux/Unix CUPS printing architecture.

The OpenPrinting workgroup is a website belonging to the Linux Foundation which provides documentation and software support for printing under Linux.[62] Formed as LinuxPrinting.org, in 2006 it became part of the Free Standards Group.

They developed a database that lists a wide variety of printers from various manufacturers. The database allows people to give a report on the support and quality of each printer, and they also give a report on the support given to Linux by each printer vendor. They have also created a foomatic (formerly cupsomatic) script which plugs into the Common Unix Printing System (CUPS).

### OpenSDS

OpenSDS is an open source software defined storage controller. As journalist Swapnil Bhartiya explained for CIO, it was formed to create "an industry response to address software-defined storage integration challenges with the goal of driving enterprise adoption of open standards." It is supported by storage users/vendors, including Dell, Huawei, Fujitsu, HDS, Vodafone and Oregon State University.[63]

### Open vSwitch

Originally created at Nicira before moving to VMware (and eventually The Linux Foundation,) OvS is an open source virtual switch supporting standard management interfaces and protocols.[64]

### ONAP

The Open Network Automation Platform is the result of OPEN-O and Open ECOMP projects merging in April 2017. The platform allows end users to design, manage, and automate services and virtual functions.

### OPNFV

The Open Platform for Network Function Virtualization (NFV) "aims to be a carrier-grade, integrated platform that introduces new products and services to the industry more quickly."[65] In 2016, the project began an internship program, created a working group and an "End User Advisory Group" (founded by users & the board)

### PNDA

PNDA (Platform for Network Data Analytics) is a platform for scalable network analytics, rounding up data from "multiple sources on a network and works with Apache Spark to crunch the numbers in order to find useful patterns in the data more effectively."[66]

### R Consortium

The R Consortium is dedicated to expanding the use of R language and developing it further. R Consortium works with the R Foundation and other organizations working to broaden the reach of the language. The consortium is supported by a collection of tech industry heavyweights including Microsoft, IBM, Oracle, Google, and Esri.[67]

### Real-Time Linux

Real-Time Linux has an overall goal of encouraging widespread adoption of Real Time. It was formed to coordinate efforts to mainline Preempt RT and assist maintainers in "continuing development work, long-term support and future research of RT."[68]

### RethinkDB

After RethinkDB announced its shutdown as a business[69] The Linux Foundation announced that it had purchased the intellectual property under its Cloud Native Computing Foundation project, which was then relicensed under the Apache License (ASLv2).[70] RethinkDB describes itself as "the first open-source, scalable JSON database built from the ground up for the realtime web."[71]

### RISC-V Foundation

The RISC-V Foundation is chartered to standardize and promote the open RISC-V instruction set architecture together with its hardware and software ecosystem for use in all computing devices.

### SPDX

The Software Package Data eXchange (SPDX) project was started in 2010, to create a standard format for communicating the components, licenses and copyrights associated with software packages.[72] As part of the project, there is a team that curates the SPDX License List, which defines a list of identifiers for commonly found licenses and exceptions used for open source and other collaborative software.[73]

### SNAS.io

Streaming Network Analytics System (project SNAS.io) is an open source framework to collect and track millions of routers, peers, prefixes (routing objects) in real time. SNAS.io is a Linux Foundation Project announced in May 2017.

### Tizen

Tizen is a free and open-source, standards-based software platform supported by leading mobile operators, device manufacturers, and silicon suppliers for multiple device categories such as smartphones, tablets, netbooks, in-vehicle infotainment devices, and smart TVs.

### TODO

TODO (Talk Openly, Develop Openly) is an open source collective housed under The Linux Foundation. It helps companies interested in open source collaborate better and more efficiently. TODO aims to reach companies and organizations that want to turn out the best open source projects and programs. "The TODO Group reaches across industries to collaborate with open source technical and business leaders to share best practices, tools and programs for building dependable, effective projects for the long term," said Jim Zemlin at Collaboration Summit 2016.[74]

### Xen Project

The Xen Project team is a global open source community that develops the Xen Hypervisor, contributes to the Linux PVOPS framework, the Xen® Cloud Platform and Xen® ARM.

### Yocto Project

Main page: Software:Yocto Project

The Yocto Project is an open source collaboration project that provides templates, tools and methods to help create custom Linux-based systems for embedded products regardless of the hardware architecture. It was founded in 2010 as a collaboration among many hardware manufacturers, open-source operating systems vendors, and electronics companies to bring some order to the chaos of embedded Linux development.

### Zephyr Project

Main page: Software:Zephyr (operating system)

Zephyr is a small real-time operating system for connected, resource-constrained devices supporting multiple architectures. It is developed as an open source collaboration project and released under the Apache License 2.0. Zephyr became a project of the Linux Foundation in February 2016.

## Community Stewardship

For the Linux kernel community, The Linux Foundation hosts their IT infrastructure and organizes conferences such as the Linux Kernel Summit and Linux Plumbers Conference. It also hosts a Technical Advisory Board made up of Linux kernel developers. One of these developers is appointed to sit on The Linux Foundation board.

### Goodwill partnership

In January 2016, The Linux Foundation announced a partnership with Goodwill Central Texas to help hundreds of disadvantaged individuals from underserved communities and a variety of backgrounds get the training they need to start new and lucrative careers in Linux IT.[75]

### Community Developer Travel Fund

To fund deserving developers to accelerate technical problem solving and collaboration in the open source community, The Linux Foundation launched the Community Developer Travel Fund.[76] Sponsorships are open to elite community developers with a proven track record of open source development achievement who cannot get funding to attend technical events from employers. Applications are available here.

### Community Specification

In July of 2020, The Linux Foundation announced an initiative allowing open source communities to create Open Standards using tools and methods inspired by open source developers.[77]

### Core Infrastructure Initiative

The Core Infrastructure Initiative (CII), a project managed by The Linux Foundation that enables technology companies, industry stakeholders and esteemed developers to collaboratively identify and fund critical open source projects in need of assistance. In June 2015, the organization announced financial support of nearly $500,000 for three new projects to better support critical security elements of the global information infrastructure.[78] In May 2016, CII launched its Best Practice Badge program to raise awareness of development processes and project governance steps that will help projects have better security outcomes. In May 2017, CII issued its 100th badge to a passing project.[79]

### Open Compliance Program

The Linux Foundation's Open Compliance Program provides an array of programs for open source software compliance. The focus in this initiative is to educate and assist developers (and their companies) on license requirements in order to build programs without friction. The program consists primarily of self-administered training modules, but it is also meant to include automated tools to help programmatically identify license compliance issues.[80]

## Members

As of June 2018, there are over 1000 members who identify with the ideals and mission of the Linux Foundation and its projects.[1]

### Corporate members

Membership level  | Telecommunications/media companies  | Software developers  | Financial companies  | Other  | Automobile/aeronautical manufacturers  | Component manufacturers  | Device manufacturers

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Platinum Members (28)
(each donate US-$ 500k annually) |

* AT&T[81]
* Tencent[82]

* Fujitsu
* Google[83]
* IBM
* Microsoft
* Oracle
* VMware[84]

|  |  |  |

* Cisco Systems
* Intel
* Qualcomm

* Hitachi
* Huawei
* NEC
* Samsung Electronics

Gold Members (5)
(each donate US-$ 100k annually) |  |

* Alibaba Cloud
* Baidu
* Citrix Systems
* Dell EMC
* Doky
* SUSE

* BlackRock

* Accenture
* Facebook
* Hart
* Oath
* Uber[85]

* Toyota

* Renesas Electronics

* Panasonic
* Sony
* Toshiba

Silver Members (65)  |

* Aarna Networks
* Comcast
* Sprint

* Arista Networks
* Canonical
* PANTHEON.tech

* Tencent

* LinkedIn
* Desotech

|  |

* AMD

* Fujitsu

### Affiliates

* Blockchain at Columbia
* Clemson University
* Indiana University
* Fondazione Inuit
* ISA
* Konkuk University
* NXT
* Seneca College
* Trace Research and Development Center at University of Maryland, College Park
* University of Rome Tor Vergata
* University of Wisconsin–Madison
* Zhejiang University
* Turbot (business)

## Funding

Funding for the Linux Foundation comes primarily from its Platinum Members, paying US$500,000 per year according to Schedule A in LF's bylaws, adding up to US$4 million. The Gold Members contribute a combined total of US$1.6 million, and smaller members less again.

As of April 2014, the foundation collects annual fees worth at least US$6,245,000.

### Use of donations

Before early 2018, the Linux Foundation's website stated that it "uses [donations] in part to help fund the infrastructure and fellows (like Linus Torvalds) who help develop the Linux kernel."[86] However, the Foundation no longer sponsors kernel development and infrastructure through donations: while the donations page still claims that "The Linux Foundation is dedicated to protecting, promoting, and standardizing Linux", it currently also indicates that "100% of donations received go towards funding diversity programs."[87]

## Events

The Linux Foundation events are where the creators, maintainers, and practitioners of the most important open source projects meet. Linux Foundation events in 2017, for example, were expected to attract nearly 25,000 developers, maintainers, system administrators, thought leaders, business executives and other industry professionals from more than 4,000 organizations across 85 countries. Many open source projects also co-locate their events at The Linux Foundation events to take advantage of the cross-community collaboration with projects in the same industry.

2017 events covered various trends in open source, including big data, cloud native, containers, IoT, networking, security, and more.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Corporate Members – The Linux Foundation" (in en-US). The Linux Foundation. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/membership/.
2. ↑ "About The Linux Foundation". The Linux Foundation. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/about/.
3. ↑ "Linux Foundation Projects". The Linux Foundation. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/projects/.
4. ↑ "Jim Zemlin Named Executive Director of New Linux Foundation". The Linux Foundation. http://www.linux-foundation.org/wordpress/?p=287.
5. ↑ "Microsoft—yes, Microsoft—joins the Linux Foundation". 2016-11-16. https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/11/microsoft-yes-microsoft-joins-the-linux-foundation/.
6. ↑ Latif, Lawrence (2012-06-06). "Samsung takes a seat with Intel and IBM at the Linux Foundation". The Inquirer. http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2182438/samsung-takes-seat-intel-ibm-linux-foundation.
7. ↑ "Linux Goes to Hollywood for Inaugural Open Source Summit" (in en-US). eWEEK. http://www.eweek.com/enterprise-apps/linux-goes-to-hollywood-for-inaugural-open-source-summit.
8. ↑ "Travel Fund Request Form | Linux Conferences and Linux Events | The Linux Foundation" (in en). https://events.linuxfoundation.org/travel-request/request.
9. ↑ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J.. "Open-sourcing data will make big data bigger than ever | ZDNet" (in en). ZDNet. http://www.zdnet.com/article/open-sourcing-data-will-make-big-data-bigger-than-ever/.
10. ↑ "FAQ – CDLA" (in en-US). CDLA. https://cdla.io/faq/.
11. ↑ "Linux Foundation to offer introductory Linux MOOC on edX". 2014-03-05. http://www.pcworld.com/article/2105260/linux-foundation-to-offer-introductory-linux-mooc-on-edx.html.
12. ↑ "LinuxFoundationX" (in en). edX. 2014-03-03. https://www.edx.org/school/linuxfoundationx.
13. ↑ "Linux Foundation moves OpenStack training online" (in en-US). 2015-12-03. http://www.rcrwireless.com/20151203/telecom-software/linux-foundation-moves-openstack-training-online-tag2.
14. ↑ "Microsoft partners with The Linux Foundation for 'Linux on Azure' certification". 2015-12-09. http://betanews.com/2015/12/09/microsoft-linux-foundation-azure-certification/.
15. ↑ "The Linux Foundation and the National Center for Women & Information Technology Release Inclusive Speaker Orientation Course for Events | The Linux Foundation" (in en). https://www.linuxfoundation.org/announcements/linux-foundation-and-national-center-for-women-information-technology-release.
16. ↑ DeKoenigsberg, Greg (2005). "Building the patent commons". Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120927021800/http://www.redhat.com/magazine/004feb05/features/patents/. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
17. ↑ "Patent Commons Project". Linux Foundation. http://www.patentcommons.org/.
18. ↑ List of Linux Foundation Projects
19. ↑ "The Linux Foundation Releases First-Ever Value of Collaborative Development Report". Reuters. 2015-09-30. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSnMKWsd3zWa+1c2+MKW20150930.
20. ↑ "Home". http://www.automotivelinux.org.
21. ↑ "Automotive Grade Linux Releases Unified Code Base 2.0". 2016-06-11. https://www.automotivelinux.org/announcements/2016/06/11/automotive-grade-linux-releases-unified-code-base-2-0.
22. ↑ Counts, Reese. "Automotive Grade Linux will be the backbone of your connected car". Autoblog. http://www.autoblog.com/2017/01/06/automotive-grade-linux-connected-car-backbone/.
23. ↑ Tozzi, Christopher. "Automotive Grade Linux Released for Open Source Cars". http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/070114/automotive-grade-linux-released-open-source-cars.
24. ↑ Kerner, Sean Michael. "Linux Foundation Accelerates Automotive Grade Linux". http://www.eweek.com/mobile/linux-foundation-accelerates-automotive-grade-linux.
25. ↑ Cunningham, Wayne. "Open-source Linux a step closer to automotive use". https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/open-source-linux-a-step-closer-to-automotive-use/.
26. ↑ "AGL's v3.0 automotive spec is ready for the road". 4 January 2017. http://linuxgizmos.com/agl-v3-0-automotive-spec-is-ready-for-the-road/.
27. ↑ "cgl:start [Linux Foundation Wiki"] (in en). https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/cgl/start.
28. ↑ "Cloud Native Computing Foundation". Linux Foundation. https://cncf.io/.
29. ↑ cncf (2015-06-21). "New Cloud Native Computing Foundation to Drive Alignment Among Container Technologies" (in en-US). https://www.cncf.io/announcement/2015/06/21/new-cloud-native-computing-foundation-to-drive-alignment-among-container-technologies/.
30. ↑ Vaughan-Nicholls, Steven J. (2015-07-21). "Cloud Native Computing Foundation seeks to forge cloud and container unity". ZDNet. http://www.zdnet.com/article/cloud-native-computing-foundation-seeks-to-bring-more-cloud-and-container-unity/.
31. ↑ Vizard, Michael. "Cloud Giants Form Foundation to Drive Container Interoperability". Penton. http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2015/07/21/new-foundation-to-drive-docker-container-interoperability/.
32. ↑ "Linux Foundation wants to promote sustainable open source" (in en-US). SD Times. 2017-09-18. http://sdtimes.com/linux-foundation-sustainable-open-source/.
33. ↑ "In wake of Equifax breach, Linux Foundation unveils open source CHAOSS – SiliconANGLE" (in en-US). SiliconANGLE. 2017-09-12. https://siliconangle.com/blog/2017/09/12/wake-equifax-breach-linux-foundation-unveils-open-source-chaoss-ossummit/.
34. ↑ "About – The DiaMon Workgroup" (in en-US). http://diamon.org/about/.
35. ↑ "DPDK Boosts Packet Processing, Performance, and Throughput". http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/communications/data-plane-development-kit.html.
36. ↑ "Un-Masking FD.io – the Open Source Project that Processes Packets" (in en-US). SDxCentral. 2017-04-13. https://www.sdxcentral.com/articles/news/un-masking-fd-io-open-source-project-processes-packets/2017/04/.
37. ↑ "About | FOSSology" (in en). https://www.fossology.org/about.
38. ↑ "Facebook's GraphQL gets its own open-source foundation" (in en-US). TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2018/11/06/facebooks-graphql-gets-its-own-open-source-foundation/.
39. ↑ "The Linux Foundation Announces Intent to Form New Foundation to Support GraphQL - The Linux Foundation" (in en-US). The Linux Foundation. 2018-11-06. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/2018/11/intent_to_form_graphql/.
40. ↑ "Blockchain Project Hyperledger Announces Seven Additional Members". 2017-04-26. https://www.crowdfundinsider.com/2017/04/99277-blockchain-project-hyperledger-announces-seven-additional-members/.
41. ↑ Ltd., Hitachi. "Blockchain is Here for the Enterprise: The Hyperledger Project : Hitachi Review" (in en-US). Hitachi Review. http://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2017/r2017_01/expert/index.html.
42. ↑ "AllSeen's merger with OCF brings IoT closer to common ground" (in en). PCWorld. http://www.pcworld.com/article/3130102/allseens-merger-with-ocf-brings-iot-closer-to-common-ground.html.
43. ↑ "JanusGraph Picks Up Where TitanDB Left Off". 2017-01-13. https://www.datanami.com/2017/01/13/janusgraph-picks-titandb-left-off/.
44. ↑ "The Linux Foundation takes on the JavaScript community with the JS Foundation – SD Times" (in en-US). SD Times. 2016-10-17. http://sdtimes.com/linux-foundation-takes-javascript-community-js-foundation/.
45. ↑ "jQuery Foundation and Dojo Foundation to Merge" (in en-US). 1 September 2015. https://blog.jquery.com/2015/09/01/jquery-foundation-and-dojo-foundation-to-merge/.
46. ↑ "jQuery Foundation and Dojo Foundation to Merge". PRWeb. 1 July 2015. http://www.prweb.com/releases/2015/08/prweb12931885.htm.
47. ↑ "Announcing the JS Foundation!" (in en-US). SitePen. 2016-10-17. https://www.sitepen.com/blog/2016/10/17/announcing-the-js-foundation/.
48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 "OpenJS Foundation". Linux Foundation. https://openjsf.org/.
49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.3 Singh, Manish (2019-03-12). "Node.js and JS foundations are merging to form OpenJS". VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/2019/03/12/node-js-and-js-foundations-are-merging-to-form-openjs/.
50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 "Introducing the OpenJS Foundation: The Next Phase of JavaScript Ecosystem Growth". 2019-03-12. https://medium.com/@nodejs/introducing-the-openjs-foundation-the-next-phase-of-javascript-ecosystem-growth-d4911b42664f.
51. ↑ Lardinois, Frederic. "Seagate, Toshiba, Scality And Others Launch Kinetic Open Storage Platform For Smart, Low-Overhead Cloud Object Storage". https://techcrunch.com/2015/08/16/seagate-toshiba-scality-and-others-launch-kinetic-open-storage-platform-for-smart-low-overhead-cloud-object-storage/.
52. ↑ Certification . The Linux Foundation (2006-10-20). Retrieved on 2014-05-23.
53. ↑ "Linux Foundation Launches Node.js Foundation" (in en-US). eWEEK. http://www.eweek.com/development/linux-foundation-launches-node.js-foundation.
54. ↑ https://www.odpi.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2017/12/ODPi-Bylaws.pdf "ODPi Bylaws"
55. ↑ "An Open API Initiative Update". https://www.infoq.com/articles/open-api-initiative-update.
56. ↑ "Open Source Projects" (in en-US). https://www.linuxfoundation.org/projects/.
57. ↑ GitHub - openbmc/openbmc: OpenBMC Distribution., openbmc, 2019-02-20, https://github.com/openbmc/openbmc, retrieved 2019-02-21
58. ↑ Ramel, By David; 04/28/2017. "Open Source Supply Chain Spec Released -". https://esj.com/articles/2017/04/28/openchain-spec.aspx.
59. ↑ "Open Container Initiative" (in en). https://github.com/opencontainers.
60. ↑ "Node.js Foundation and JS Foundation Merge to Form OpenJS Foundation". 2019-03-12. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/2019/03/node-js-foundation-and-js-foundation-merge-to-form-openjs-foundation/.
61. ↑ "Linux Foundation Launches OpenMessaging Project". http://www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com/unified_communications/linux-foundation-launches-openmessaging-project.html.
62. ↑ "Printer List – OpenPrinting – The Linux Foundation". http://www.openprinting.org/printers.
63. ↑ Bhartiya, Swapnil. "Dell EMC joins The Linux Foundation's OpenSDS Project" (in en). CIO. http://www.cio.com/article/3151515/infrastructure-storage/dell-emc-joins-the-linux-foundations-opensds-project.html.
64. ↑ "Open vSwitch Moves From VMware to Linux Foundation" (in en-US). SDxCentral. 2016-08-09. https://www.sdxcentral.com/articles/news/open-vswitch-moves-vmware-linux-foundation/2016/08/.
65. ↑ "What is OPNFV or Open Platform for NFV Project?" (in en-US). SDxCentral. https://www.sdxcentral.com/nfv/definitions/opnfv/.
66. ↑ "The Linux Foundation Gives PNDA a Home | Developers | LinuxInsider" (in en). http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/83816.html.
67. ↑ Machlis, Sharon. "Esri joins the R Consortium" (in en). Computerworld. http://www.computerworld.com/article/3123783/enterprise-applications/esri-joins-r-consortium.html.
68. ↑ "realtime:start [Linux Foundation Wiki"] (in en). https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/realtime/start.
69. ↑ "RethinkDB: why we failed" (in en). http://www.defstartup.org/2017/01/18/why-rethinkdb-failed.html.
70. ↑ Asay, Matt. "RethinkDB finds a new home at the Linux Foundation" (in en). InfoWorld. http://www.infoworld.com/article/3166091/open-source-tools/rethinkdb-finds-a-new-home-at-the-linux-foundation.html.
71. ↑ "Frequently asked questions – RethinkDB". https://www.rethinkdb.com/faq/.
72. ↑ "SPDX". https://www.spdx.org.
73. ↑ "SPDX License List". https://spdx.org/license-list.
74. ↑ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J.. "The TODO Group and the Linux Foundation: Marrying open source and the enterprise | ZDNet" (in en). ZDNet. http://www.zdnet.com/article/marrying-open-source-and-the-enterprise/.
75. ↑ "Linux For Everyone! Goodwill Partnership Yields Exciting Scholarship To Teach You New Skills". 2016-01-16. http://www.techtimes.com/articles/124771/20160116/linux-for-everyone-goodwill-partnership-yields-exciting-scholarship-to-teach-you-new-skills.htm.
76. ↑ "Linux Today – Linux Foundation Announces Open Source Developer Travel Fund". http://www.linuxtoday.com/developer/2007050701626OSCYDV.
77. ↑ "Linux Foundation launches Community Specification for creating standards and specifications" (in en-US). 2020-07-10. https://sdtimes.com/open-source/linux-foundation-launches-community-specification-for-creating-standards-and-specifications/.
78. ↑ "Linux Foundation Funds Internet Security Advances – InformationWeek". http://www.informationweek.com/cloud/infrastructure-as-a-service/linux-foundation-funds-internet-security-advances/d/d-id/1321044.
79. ↑ "1,000 Projects Registered for the CII Best Practice Badge, 100 Badges Granted and Prizes!!! | Core Infrastructure Initiative" (in en). https://www.coreinfrastructure.org/news/blogs/2017/09/1000-projects-registered-cii-best-practice-badge-100-badges-granted-and-prizes.
80. ↑ Merrill, Scott. "Linux Foundation launches Open Compliance Program". https://techcrunch.com/2010/08/10/linux-foundation-launches-open-compliance-program/.
81. ↑ "Archived copy". https://www.linuxfoundation.org/announcements/att-joins-linux-foundation-as-a-platinum-member.
82. ↑ http://www.pro-linux.de/news/1/26031/tencent-wird-platin-mitglied-der-linux-foundation.html
83. ↑ http://www.pro-linux.de/news/1/26039/google-wird-platinmitglied-der-linux-foundation.html
84. ↑ "VMware Upgrades Linux Foundation Membership to Platinum – The Linux Foundation" (in en-US). The Linux Foundation. 2017-10-24. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/vmware-upgrades-linux-foundation-membership-platinum/.
85. ↑ "Uber Joins the Linux Foundation as a Gold Member". https://eng.uber.com/linux-uber-gold-membership/.
86. ↑ "Donate to The Linux Foundation". https://www.linuxfoundation.org/about/donate/.
87. ↑ "Donate to The Linux Foundation". https://www.linuxfoundation.org/about/donate/.

## External links

*     * Linux Foundation Training
* Linux.com
* Linux Foundation Publications

* v
* t
* e

Linux kernel

Organization|

| Kernel|

* Linux Foundation
* Linux Mark Institute
* Linus's law
* Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate
* Tux
* SCO disputes
* Linaro
* GNU GPL v2
* menuconfig
* Supported computer architectures
* Kernel names
* Criticism

|

Support|

* Developers
* The Linux Programming Interface
* kernel.org
* LKML
* Linux conferences
* Users
* Linux User Group (LUG)

Technical|

| Debugging|

* CRIU
* ftrace
* kdump
* Linux kernel oops
* SystemTap
* BPF

|

Startup|

* vmlinux
* System.map
* dracut
* initrd
* initramfs

ABIs|

* Linux Standard Base
* x32 ABI

APIs|

| Of
userspace|

| FS,
daemons|

* devfs
* devpts
* debugfs
* procfs
* sysfs
* systemd
* udev
* Kmscon

|

Wrapper
libraries|

* C standard library
* glibc
* uClibc
* Bionic
* libhybris
* dietlibc
* EGLIBC
* klibc
* musl
* Newlib
* libcgroup
* libdrm
* libalsa
* libevdev
* libusb

kernel|

| System Call
Interface|

* POSIX
* ioctl
* select
* open
* read
* close
* sync
* …
* Linux-only
* futex
* epoll
* splice
* dnotify
* inotify
* readahead
* …

|

In-kernel|

* ALSA
* Crypto API
* DRM
* kernfs
* Memory barrier
* New API
* RCU
* Video4Linux

Components|

* Kernel modules
* BlueZ
* cgroups
* Console
* bcache
* Device mapper
* dm-cache
* dm-crypt
* DRM
* EDAC
* evdev
* Kernel same-page merging (KSM)
* LIO
* Framebuffer
* LVM
* KMS driver
* Netfilter
* Netlink
* nftables
* Network scheduler
* perf
* SLUB
* zram
* zswap

* Process and I/O schedulers:
* O(n) scheduler
* O(1) scheduler
* Completely Fair Scheduler (CFQ)
* Brain Fuck Scheduler
* Noop scheduler
* SCHED_DEADLINE

* Security Modules: AppArmor
* Exec Shield
* grsecurity
* PaX
* seccomp
* SELinux
* Smack
* Tomoyo Linux
* Linux PAM

* Device drivers
* 802.11
* graphics
* Raw device

* initramfs
* KernelCare
* kexec
* kGraft
* kpatch
* Ksplice

Variants|

* Mainline
* Linux kernel
* Linux-libre
* High-performance computing
* INK
* Compute Node Linux
* SLURM
* Real-time computing
* RTLinux
* RTAI
* Xenomai
* Carrier Grade Linux
* MMU-less
* μClinux
* PSXLinux

| Virtualization|

* Hypervisor
* KVM
* Xen
* OS-level virtualization
* Linux-VServer
* Lguest
* LXC
* OpenVZ
* Other
* L4Linux
* ELinOS
* User-mode Linux
* MkLinux
* coLinux

|

Adoption|

| Range
of use|

* Desktop
* Embedded
* Gaming
* Thin client:
* LTSP
* Thinstation
* Server:
* LAMP
* LYME-LYCE
* Devices

|

Adopters|

* List of Linux adopters
* GENIVI Alliance
* Proprietary software for Linux

* Category
* Commons
* Book
* Wikiversity
* Portal

0.00

(0 votes)

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Organization:Linux_Foundation&oldid=3391514"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template