Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2015

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2015 Louisiana Gubernatorial Election

Table of Contents
Candidates
Results
Key deadlines
Racetracking
Polls
Debates
Campaign media
Campaign finance
Endorsements
Past elections
Governor's duties
State profile
Recent news
See also
External links

Primary Date:
October 24, 2015

General Election Date:
November 21, 2015

Incumbent prior to election:
Bobby Jindal Republican Party
Bobby Jindal 2013.jpg

Flag of Louisiana.png

A Louisiana gubernatorial election took place on November 21, 2015. As John Bel Edwards (D) and David Vitter (R) received the two largest shares of votes in the October primary, but neither received more than 50 percent, the two competed in the general election. Edwards defeated Vitter with 56 percent of the vote.


Incumbent Bobby Jindal (R), who was first elected in 2007, was ineligible for re-election in 2015 due to term limits.

Louisiana elections use the Louisiana majority-vote system. All candidates compete in the same primary, and a candidate can win the election outright by receiving more than 50% of the vote. If no candidate does, the top two vote recipients from the primary advance to the general election, regardless of their partisan affiliation.

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

Candidates[edit]

General election[edit]

Democratic Party John Edwards - Louisiana State Representative
Republican Party David Vitter - United States Senator

Defeated in primary[edit]

Democratic Party Cary Deaton
Democratic Party S L Simpson
Republican Party Scott Angelle
Republican Party Jay Dardenne
Grey.png Eric Paul Orgeron
Grey.png Beryl Billiot
Grey.png Jeremy "JW" Odom

Withdrawn[edit]

Grey.png Gregory Taylor[1][2]

Declined to run[edit]

Republican Party John Neely Kennedy - Ran for re-election as state treasurer[3][4]
Republican Party Jason Williams[5]

Note: Governor Bobby Jindal was not eligible for re-election in 2015 due to term limits.

Results[edit]

General election[edit]

The general election for Louisiana governor between David Vitter (R) and John Bel Edwards (D) was held on November 21, 2015. Edwards defeated his Republican opponent.

Governor of Louisiana, Run-off election, 2015
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngJohn Bel Edwards 56.1% 646,860
     Republican David Vitter 43.9% 505,929
Total Votes 1,152,789
Election Results via the Louisiana Secretary of State.

In a post-election analysis for Ballotpedia, reporter Jim Barnes wrote that Edwards' attractiveness to conservative voters, coupled with Vitter's unpopularity, helped him win the election. Barnes pointed out that the pro-Edwards Gumbo PAC tailored its anti-Vitter ads toward supporters of Vitter's defeated primary opponents Scott Angelle, who did not endorse a candidate in the general election, and Jay Dardenne, who endorsed Edwards. Barnes also mentioned Vitter's prostitution scandal and Edwards' conservative positions on social issues as factors in Vitter's loss.

See the full analysis: 2015 Election Analysis: How Edwards Won in Louisiana

Early voting turnout[edit]

The early voting period ended on November 14, 2015. Statistics released the following day showed that 257,021 people voted early—9.5 percent more than those who voted early in the October jungle primary. Early voting rose disproportionately in parishes where Edwards is expected to do well. There was increased turnout in particular among registered Democrats and black voters.[6]

Edwards took more than 50 percent of the vote in seven parishes in the primary. In those parishes, turnout rose by 29 percent. That includes a 40 percent rise in Orleans Parish, where New Orleans is located and Edwards received 72 percent of the vote. In the 15 Republican-leaning parishes where Edwards received under 30 percent, turnout rose by only 8.5 percent.[6]

Early voting turnout decreased in parishes where Scott Angelle performed best in the blanket primary. In Angelle's five strongest parishes, early voter turnout for the general election decreased by 3 percent. Turnout decreased by 20 percent in St. Martin Parish, where Angelle received 62 percent of the primary vote.[6]

Primary election[edit]

No candidate received an outright majority in the blanket primary election. The two candidates with the most votes, who qualified for the November general election, were John Bel Edwards (D) and David Vitter (R).[7]

Governor of Louisiana, Blanket Primary, 2015
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngJohn Bel Edwards 39.9% 444,061
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngDavid Vitter 23% 256,105
     Republican Scott Angelle 19.3% 214,907
     Republican Jay Dardenne 15% 166,553
     Democratic Cary Deaton 1.1% 11,750
     Democratic S L Simpson 0.7% 7,411
     Independent Beryl Billiot 0.5% 5,690
     Independent Jeremy "JW" Odom 0.4% 4,755
     Independent Eric Paul Orgeron 0.2% 2,244
Total Votes 1,113,476
Election Results Louisiana Secretary of State.

Key deadlines[edit]

Deadline Event
September 8, 2015 First day for candidate filing
September 10, 2015 Last day for candidate filing
September 23, 2015 Last day for voter registration in primary
October 10, 2015 First day for early voting in primary
October 17, 2015 Last day for early voting in primary
October 20, 2015 Last day to request mail ballot in primary
October 23, 2015 Deadline for mailed ballot submission in primary
October 24, 2015 Primary election
November 7, 2015 First day for early voting in general election
November 14, 2015 Last day for early voting in general election
November 17, 2015 Last day to request mail ballot for general election
November 20, 2015 Deadline for mailed ballot submission for general election
November 21, 2015 General election (if necessary)[8]

Voter registration[edit]

For full information about voting in Louisiana, contact the state election agency.

Voters in Louisiana can register to vote by filling out an online application. The online form can be submitted electronically if the applicant uses a driver's license as the required form of identification. Applicants can also print out their online forms and mail them to their parish registrars.[9]

Louisiana also offers myriad locations for in-person registration up to 30 days prior to an election. These locations include parish registrars, offices of the Louisiana Office of Motor Vehicles or the Louisiana Department of Social Services, food stamp offices and recruitment offices for any branch of the U.S. Armed Forces. Applicants can use their driver's licenses, birth certificates, utility bills or government-issued documents with their name and current address as valid forms of identification.[9]

Voters must meet the following qualifications to vote in Louisiana:[9]

  • U.S. citizenship
  • At least 18 years old by the next election
  • Resident of Louisiana and parish indicated on registration
  • Not under order of imprisonment for felony conviction
  • Have not been judged "mentally incompetent" in court

Racetracking[edit]

Note: Ratings are based on projections found in Governing, Larry Sabato, The Rothenberg & Gonzales Political Report, and The Cook Political Report. They were updated periodically throughout the election season.

Race Rankings - Louisiana Governor
Race Tracker Race Rating
The Cook Political Report Likely Republican
Governing Likely Republican
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball Likely Republican
The Rothenberg & Gonzales Political Report Likely Republican
Overall call Likely Republican
Note: Ratings are based on projections found in Governing, Larry Sabato, The Rothenberg & Gonzales Political Report, and The Cook Political Report where available. They were updated periodically throughout the election season.


Polls[edit]

Run-off election candidates match-up: David Vitter (R) vs. John Bel Edwards (D)

Governor of Louisiana
Poll David Vitter (R) John Edwards (D)UndecidedMargin of errorSample size
Anzalone Liszt Grove/Gumbo PAC
October 26-28, 2015
40%52%7%+/-3.7700
Market Research Insight
October 27-28, 2015
41%49%10%+/-4.1600
JMC Analytics/WVLA
October 28-31, 2015
36%52%16%+/-4600
Market Research Insight
November 11-14, 2015
38%53%9%+/--600
JMC Analytics
November 14-16, 2015
35%51%13%+/-3.9635
AVERAGES 38% 51.4% 11% +/-1.54 627
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.


Primary election candidates match-up

Governor of Louisiana
Poll David Vitter (R) John Edwards (D)Jay Dardenne (R)Scott Angelle (R)Undecided or OtherMargin of errorSample size
MarblePort Polling
March 17, 2015
34%31%14%7%14%+/-2.991,071
Southern Media & Opinion Research
May 5 - 9, 2015
38.1%24.6%16.5%5.4%5.4%+/-4600
Market Research Insight
May 27 - 29, 2015
32%21%18%13%16%+/-3.5700
Triumph Campaigns
June 29 - 30, 2015
31%30%11%14%14%+/-2.41,653
Market Research Insight
July 27-31, 2015
22%20%13%24%21%+/-4600
The Hayride/MarblePort
August 4-5, 2015
31.1%30.6%13.4%14.1%10.8%+/--1,050
Triumph Campaigns
September 18, 2015
29%35%11%12%13%+/-2.91,125
Public Policy Polling
September 21-22, 2015
27%28%14%15%17%+/-4616
Triumph Campaigns
September 29-30, 2015
28%35%15%10%13%+/-2.91,047
KPLC/Raycom Media
October 7-13, 2015
21%24%8%7%37%+/-4602
MRI
October 14-16, 2015
20%38%14%16%11%+/--600
MRI
October 15-19, 2015
19%36%14%17%12%+/--600
University of New Orleans Survey Research Center/Lucid
October 14-19, 2015
27%25%11%14%23%+/--623
MarblePort
October 20-21, 2015
28.5%40.5%14.1%12.7%4.3%+/-3.01,464
AVERAGES 25.85% 27.91% 12.47% 12.08% 14.1% +/-0.78 894.33
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.


Run-off hypothetical match-up: Scott Angelle (R) vs. John Bel Edwards (D)

Governor of Louisiana
Poll Scott Angelle (R) John Edwards (D)UndecidedMargin of errorSample size
Public Policy Polling
September 21-22, 2015
40%40%20%+/-4616
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.


Run-off hypothetical match-up: John Bel Edwards (D) vs. David Vitter (R)

Governor of Louisiana
Poll John Edwards (D) David Vitter (R)UndecidedMargin of errorSample size
KPLC/Raycom Media
October 7-13, 2015
48%32%20%+/-4602
Public Policy Polling
September 21-22, 2015
50%38%12%+/-4616
AVERAGES 49% 35% 16% +/-4 609
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.


Run-off hypothetical match-up: John Bel Edwards (D) vs. Jay Dardenne (R)

Governor of Louisiana
Poll John Edwards (D) Jay Dardenne (R)UndecidedMargin of errorSample size
Public Policy Polling
September 21-22, 2015
40%42%18%+/-4616
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.


Run-off hypothetical match-up: Scott Angelle (R) vs. David Vitter (R)

Governor of Louisiana
Poll David Vitter (R) Scott Angelle (R)UndecidedMargin of errorSample size
Causeway Solutions
September 13-16, 2015
32%43.4%24.6%+/---800
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.

Debates[edit]

November 16 debate

The final debate between Louisiana gubernatorial candidates John Bel Edwards (D) and David Vitter (R) took place at the Dunham School in Baton Rouge, La., on November 16, 2015.[10]

The first topic of the debate was how each candidate would handle the 10,000 Syrian refugees that President Obama said the United States will accept in the coming months. Both candidates said they support Governor Bobby Jindal's executive order preventing more refugees from entering Louisiana, beyond the 14 already settled. Vitter accused Edwards, however, of siding with Obama on the issue in a recent Facebook post.[11]

The candidates also debated character issues and tax policy.[10]

In his closing statement, Vitter addressed allegations that he had solicited the services of prostitutes in the past, arguing that he had grown as a person. Edwards had mentioned it multiple times, directly and indirectly, throughout the evening.[10]

November 10 debate

The two remaining candidates for Louisiana governor, David Vitter (R) and John Edwards (D), participated in a debate in Baton Rouge. Topics at the November 10, 2015, debate included health insurance, K-12 education, the state budget and infrastructure and various campaign controversies. The debate lasted for one hour.[12]

See also: Fact-checking John Bel Edwards on David Vitter's legislative record

November 9 debate

Gubernatorial Debate at Baton Rouge Press Club (November 9, 2015)

January 16 forum

Gubernatorial candidates Scott Angelle (R), Jay Dardenne (R), David Vitter (R) and John Edwards (D) opened Louisiana's election season with a largely congenial forum. All four candidates shared similar thoughts on funding for transportation and the state police along with the legacy of term-limited Gov. Bobby Jindal (R). Dardenne criticized the state's approach to new transportation projects, arguing that it was unsustainable and too political. Each candidate agreed that the state police should see decreases in their allotment from the transportation trust fund, which is funded by gas taxes. Vitter, a sitting U.S. senator, criticized Jindal for his budgeting practices and argued that the governor had used his position as a springboard to seek the presidency.[13]

The biggest source of disagreement on January 16 was the state's financial support for parish transportation costs. Angelle and Edwards noted that parish governments needed state transportation aid because of their inability to generate enough revenue for local projects. Dardenne argued that current local aid, equaling more than one cent per dollar in gas taxes, needed to be decreased to preserve the state fund.[13]

Criticism of Vitter[edit]

On the campaign trail, Vitter's opponents accused him of deliberately skipping television debates and other unscripted general-public events. Dardenne accused Vitter of not wanting to "talk to the voters of Louisiana."[14] Edwards answered a question about what he admired about his opponents by indirectly criticizing Vitter: "We have developed a pretty good relationship really over the years, but over this year particularly because we actually show up to forums and debates."[14]

Vitter responded that his duties in Washington, D.C., preclude him from making every campaign event. He said his opponents "want to have it both ways," also criticizing him for missing minor votes to campaign.[14] “I’m doing my job that I was elected to do. I’m not going to neglect that in any way,” he said.[14]

Vitter, a frontrunner in the race along with Edwards, had missed two out of three TV debates as of October 11, 2015. He agreed to participate in a debate on October 15, but he appeared likely to skip three later debates leading up to the election.[14]

Campaign media[edit]

General[edit]

John Bel Edwards[edit]

John Bel Edwards ad: "The Choice" (November 6, 2015)
John Bel Edwards ad: "David Vitter was AWOL" (November 17, 2015)

David Vitter[edit]

David Vitter ad: "Can't Afford" (November 16, 2015)
David Vitter spot: "Party Bus" (November 16, 2015)

Louisiana Families First[edit]

Louisiana Families First ad: "Like Bobby" (November 17, 2015)

GumboPAC[edit]

GumboPAC ad: "Spygate" (November 17, 2015)

Primary[edit]

Scott Angelle[edit]

Scott Angelle ad (February 23, 2015)
Scott Angelle ad (February 26, 2015)
Scott Angelle ad (April 16, 2015)
Scott Angelle ad: Morning (September 17, 2015)

John Bel Edwards[edit]

John Bel Edwards ad: The Only Candidate Who Will #PutLouisianaFirst (September 21, 2015)

David Vitter[edit]

David Vitter ad: Dangerous (September 19, 2015)
David Vitter ad: Twins (September 19, 2015)

Gumbo PAC[edit]

Gumbo PAC was established with the "expressed purpose of targeting U.S. Sen. David Vitter’s bid to become the next governor of Louisiana."[15]

Gumbo PAC ad: David Vitter - DC's Finest (May 13, 2015)

Louisiana Water Coalition PAC[edit]

The Louisiana Water Coalition PAC did not identify any specific candidate the organization supports, but it began running anti-Vitter ads in mid-September 2015.[16]

Louisiana Water Coalition PAC ad: Deplorable Vitter (September 21, 2015)

Campaign finance[edit]

Third quarter report (2015)
Comprehensive donor information for this election was collected from the state's campaign finance authority. Based on available campaign finance records, the candidates raised a total of $2,685,411.34 and spent a total of $3,535,658.92 during this reporting period. This information was last updated on September 25, 2015.[17]

Second quarter report (2015)
Comprehensive donor information for this election was collected from the state's campaign finance authority. Based on available campaign finance records, the candidates raised a total of $2,785,400.33 and spent a total of $1,873,096.62 during this reporting period. This information was last updated on September 25, 2015.[18]

First quarter report (2015)
Comprehensive donor information for this election was collected from the state's campaign finance authority. Based on available campaign finance records, the candidates raised a total of $2,539,527.28 and spent a total of $1,598,135.31 during this reporting period. This information was last updated on May 4, 2015.[19]

Annual report (2014)
Comprehensive donor information for this election was collected from the state's campaign finance authority. Based on available campaign finance records, the candidates raised a total of $6,699,634.53 and spent a total of $1,267,092.55 during this reporting period. This information was last updated on February 19, 2015.[20]

Endorsements[edit]

Jay Dardenne[edit]

  • Jefferson Parish Sheriff Newell Normand[21]

John Bel Edwards[edit]

  • Louisiana Democratic Party: Edwards was endorsed by the Louisiana Democratic Party on March 28, 2015.[22]
  • Louisiana AFL-CIO[23]
  • The Louisiana Democratic State Central Committee[24]
  • The Louisiana Federation of Teachers[25]
  • Lieutenant Governor Jay Dardenne: Jay Dardenne (R), who lost to David Vitter in the primary, endorsed Edwards in early November. In his endorsement, Dardenne argued that Vitter and Governor Bobby Jindal (R) had damaged the party in the state and that Edwards could unify the state.[26]

David Vitter[edit]

Note: The endorsements above may not reflect all endorsements made in this race. Those displayed are the endorsements that Ballotpedia staff is aware of at this time. To submit additional endorsements for inclusion, please e-mail the State Executive Team.

Past elections[edit]

Louisiana is one of four states that uses a top-two primary, which allows all candidates to run and all voters to vote but only moves the top two vote-getters—regardless of party affiliation—to the general election. In Louisiana, the runoff general election is only required if no candidate receives 50 percent or more of the primary vote. If the runoff election is not needed, the race is decided with the one election (acting as both the primary and the general election).[33][34]

2011[edit]

Governor of Louisiana, 2011
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngBobby Jindal Incumbent 65.8% 673,239
     Democratic Tara Hollis 17.9% 182,925
     Democratic Cary Deaton 4.9% 50,071
     Democratic Trey Roberts 3.3% 33,280
     Independent David Blanchard 2.6% 26,705
     Democratic Niki Bird Papazoglakis 2.1% 21,885
     Libertarian Scott Lewis 1.2% 12,528
     Independent Robert Lang, Jr. 0.9% 9,109
     Independent Ron Caesar 0.8% 8,179
     Independent Leonard Bollingham 0.5% 5,242
Total Votes 1,023,163
Election results via Louisiana Secretary of State


2007[edit]

Governor of Louisiana, Blanket Primary, 2007
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngBobby Jindal 53.9% 699,275
     Democratic Walter J Boasso 17.5% 226,476
     Nonpartisan John Georges 14.4% 186,682
     Democratic Foster Campbell 12.5% 161,665
     Democratic Mary Volentine Smith 0.5% 5,868
     Independent B. Alexandrenko 0.4% 4,791
     Independent Anthony "Tony G" Gentile 0.3% 3,372
     Libertarian T. Lee Horne III 0.2% 2,648
     Nonpartisan Sheldon Forest 0.2% 2,323
     Democratic M.V. "Vinny" Mendoza 0.2% 2,080
     Democratic Hardy Parkerson 0.1% 1,666
     Nonpartisan Arthur D. "Jim" Nichols 0.1% 994
Total Votes 1,297,840
Election results via Louisiana Secretary of State

2003[edit]

Governor of Louisiana, General Election, 2003
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngKathleen Blanco 51.9% 731,358
     Republican Bobby Jindal 48.1% 676,484
Total Votes 1,407,842
Election results via Louisiana Secretary of State

Governor's duties[edit]

Louisiana
See also: Article IV, Louisiana Constitution

The governor has the right to grant reprieves, issue pardons, commute sentences, and return fines and forfeitures for crimes against the state. In this role, the governor serves as the court of last resort.[35]

Additionally, the governor serves as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the state, except when they are called into service of the federal government. He may call these forces to preserve law and order, to suppress insurrection, to repel invasion or in other times of emergency.[35]

At the outset of each regular legislative session, the governor must give an address to the General Assembly, including the condition of the state and its finances. The governor may also include recommendations in his or her address and make such addresses at other times, such as at the commencement of an extraordinary session.[35]

The governor also submits a budget to the legislature and may compel reports from department heads on any matter, save investigations into the governor's office.[35]

Other duties and privileges of the office include:[35]

  • The power to make appointments, including recess appointments, with Senate confirmation
  • Removing, at pleasure, any appointees who are serving

State profile[edit]

Demographic data for Louisiana
 LouisianaU.S.
Total population:4,668,960316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):43,2043,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:62.8%73.6%
Black/African American:32.1%12.6%
Asian:1.7%5.1%
Native American:0.6%0.8%
Pacific Islander:0%0.2%
Two or more:1.8%3%
Hispanic/Latino:4.7%17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:83.4%86.7%
College graduation rate:22.5%29.8%
Income
Median household income:$45,047$53,889
Persons below poverty level:23.3%11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Louisiana.
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

Presidential voting pattern[edit]

See also: Presidential voting trends in Louisiana

Louisiana voted Republican in all six presidential elections between 2000 and 2020.


More Louisiana coverage on Ballotpedia

Recent news[edit]

The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms Louisiana governor election 2015. These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles.

See also[edit]

Governor State Executive Elections News and Analysis
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External links[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. Taylor did not appear on the list of qualified candidates following the filing deadline.
  2. Louisiana Secretary of State, "Candidate Inquiry," accessed September 14, 2015
  3. The Advocate, "Treasurer John Kennedy Looks at AG Race," December 10, 2014
  4. The Times-Picayune, "State Treasurer John Kennedy will seek reelection, not run for governor or attorney general," April 9, 2015
  5. Danny Monteverde, 4WWL, "N.O. Councilman Jason Williams will not run for governor," August 20, 2015
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 Taniel, Daily Kos, "Early voting is over in Louisiana, and turnout gives Democrat John Bel Edwards reason for optimism," November 16, 2015
  7. The Lens, "Elections 2015," accessed October 25, 2015
  8. Louisiana Secretary of State, "2015 Elections," accessed December 11, 2014
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 Louisiana Secretary of State, "Register to Vote," accessed December 11, 2014
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Times-Picayune, "Louisiana's final gubernatorial debate: 5 things you need to know about it," November 17, 2015
  11. National Journal, "Vitter spars with Democratic opponent over Syrian refugees," November 17, 2015
  12. WDSU News, "First runoff gubernatorial debate ends in heated exchange between Vitter, Edwards," November 11, 2015
  13. 13.0 13.1 The Times-Picayune, "2015 governor candidates forum: Louisiana has a roads and infrastructure problem," January 16, 2015
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Shreveport Times, "Analysis: Vitter’s absence at TV debates rankles competitors," October 11, 2015
  15. Elizabeth Crisp, The Advocate, "PAC takes aim at David Vitter in Louisiana gubernatorial race," May 13, 2015
  16. Paul Murphy, Eyewitness News, "Super PACs fueling attack ads in Louisiana governor's race," September 21, 2015
  17. Louisiana Ethics Administration Program, "View Campaign Finance Reports," accessed September 25, 2015
  18. Louisiana Ethics Administration Program, "View Campaign Finance Reports," accessed September 25, 2015
  19. Louisiana Ethics Administration Program, "View Campaign Finance Reports," accessed May 4, 2015
  20. Louisiana Ethics Administration Program, "View Campaign Finance Reports," accessed February 19, 2015
  21. The Times-Picayune, "Jefferson Parish Sheriff Newell Normand not running for governor, says poll in article is months old," June 10, 2014
  22. The Times-Picayune, "Louisiana Democrats pick John Bel Edwards in hopes of clearing field in governor's race," March 28, 2015
  23. Elizabeth Crisp, The Advocate, "Labor group endorses Edwards in governor’s race," March 10, 2015
  24. Louisiana Democrats, "Democratic State Central Committee Announces Endorsements for Governor and Secretary of State Candidates," March 30, 2015
  25. Will Sentell, The Advocate: Capital News Bureau, "Teachers’ union backs John Bel Edwards for governor," March 11, 2015
  26. Greg Hilburn, Shreveport Times, "Dardenne endorses Edwards, called traitor by GOP," November 5, 2015
  27. The Shreveport Times, "Rand Paul endorses David Vitter for Louisiana governor," February 10, 2015
  28. The Advocate, "Politics blog: U.S. Sen. Bill Cassidy endorses U.S. David Vitter in Louisiana governor's race," February 19, 2015
  29. 29.0 29.1 KLFY, "Boustany, Durel endorsing Vitter for La. governor," April 1, 2015
  30. Myarklamiss.com, "Vitter Picks Up Endorsement from Gun Rights Group," May 29, 2015
  31. Julia O'Donoghue, The Times-Picayune, "Jeb Bush endorses David Vitter in Louisiana governor's race," April 9, 2015
  32. 32.0 32.1 Igor Bobic, HuffPost Politics, "Rick Santorum, Ted Cruz make robocalls in support of David Vitter," November 16, 2015
  33. National Conference of State Legislatures Website, "State Primary Election Types," accessed January 6, 2014
  34. Fair Vote, "Congressional and Presidential Primaries: Open, Closed, Semi-Closed, and 'Top Two,'" accessed January 6, 2014
  35. 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 Louisiana State Senate, "Louisiana Constitution," accessed March 28, 2014



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