Obamacare exchange enrollment and subsidies by state
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The Affordable Care Act provided for the creation of health insurance exchanges, sometimes referred to as marketplaces, to act as a hub for consumers to browse and purchase health plans. The exchanges were designed to be accessible via websites, call centers, or in person.[1][2]
The law also created premium tax credits—payments from the federal government to help cover the cost of premiums for those buying from the exchanges—for individuals earning incomes between 100 percent and 400 percent of the federal poverty level. Credit amounts are calculated based on the difference between a certain percentage of income and the full premium cost for a benchmark plan. Tax credits can be paid directly to insurance companies on a monthly basis, or enrollees can choose to claim the total credit when they file their tax returns. Those earning between 100 percent and 250 percent of the poverty level are also eligible for a reduction in their cost-sharing responsibilities, meaning they can enroll in silver plans that cover up to 94 percent of their costs.[3][4][5][6]
The tables below provide information on enrollment in health plans purchased through the health insurance exchanges, the percentage of enrollees receiving premium tax credits, the average amount of tax credits paid, and the percentage of enrollees receiving cost-sharing reductions.
2017[edit]
Nationwide, enrollment in plans offered on the exchange amounted to about 10.3 million in 2017. Of individuals enrolled, 84 percent were eligible for premium tax credits, which averaged $371 per month. In addition, 57 percent were eligible for reductions in their cost-sharing responsibilities (labled as CSRs in the table below).[7][8]
| Total exchange enrollment and financial assistance, 2017 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Total exchange enrollment | Number receiving tax credits | Percent of total | Average monthly tax credit received | Number receiving CSRs | Percent of total |
| Alabama | 152,543 | 143,608 | 94% | $519 | 116,722 | 77% |
| Alaska | 14,177 | 13,128 | 93% | $976 | 5,895 | 42% |
| Arizona | 140,079 | 120,971 | 86% | $541 | 78,265 | 56% |
| Arkansas | 59,506 | 51,567 | 87% | $273 | 34,298 | 58% |
| California | 1,389,886 | 1,181,085 | 85% | $346 | 673,104 | 48% |
| Colorado | 123,746 | 79,977 | 65% | $393 | 33,087 | 27% |
| Connecticut | 98,260 | 75,628 | 77% | $443 | 42,937 | 44% |
| Delaware | 24,171 | 20,125 | 83% | $418 | 11,152 | 46% |
| Florida | 1,437,968 | 1,331,110 | 93% | $364 | 1,072,045 | 75% |
| Georgia | 404,821 | 362,868 | 90% | $358 | 286,076 | 71% |
| Hawaii | 16,711 | 13,728 | 82% | $353 | 9,859 | 59% |
| Idaho | 84,569 | 74,461 | 88% | $354 | 56,165 | 66% |
| Illinois | 314,038 | 253,542 | 81% | $364 | 149,781 | 48% |
| Indiana | 146,956 | 107,994 | 73% | $262 | 68,937 | 47% |
| Iowa | 46,519 | 40,567 | 87% | $421 | 24,574 | 53% |
| Kansas | 86,310 | 74,531 | 86% | $379 | 48,493 | 56% |
| Kentucky | 71,585 | 55,977 | 78% | $293 | 36,223 | 51% |
| Louisiana | 122,691 | 110,899 | 90% | $433 | 70,932 | 58% |
| Maine | 69,426 | 60,149 | 87% | $413 | 36,992 | 53% |
| Maryland | 134,432 | 102,735 | 76% | $314 | 76,429 | 57% |
| Massachusetts | 242,221 | 178,999 | 74% | $178 | 150,862 | 62% |
| Michigan | 284,433 | 236,428 | 83% | $265 | 141,270 | 50% |
| Minnesota | 90,146 | 62,820 | 70% | $435 | 11,106 | 12% |
| Mississippi | 67,203 | 62,891 | 94% | $380 | 53,632 | 80% |
| Missouri | 213,186 | 187,251 | 88% | $400 | 121,896 | 57% |
| Montana | 49,007 | 41,765 | 85% | $476 | 20,569 | 42% |
| Nebraska | 74,582 | 69,742 | 94% | $511 | 41,666 | 56% |
| Nevada | 75,408 | 63,968 | 85% | $287 | 42,533 | 56% |
| New Hampshire | 47,777 | 30,497 | 64% | $251 | 17,098 | 36% |
| New Jersey | 243,743 | 193,189 | 79% | $350 | 126,272 | 52% |
| New Mexico | 45,372 | 33,102 | 73% | $283 | 21,407 | 47% |
| New York | 207,083 | 114,875 | 55% | $230 | 31,962 | 15% |
| North Carolina | 450,822 | 421,275 | 93% | $592 | 300,255 | 67% |
| North Dakota | 20,306 | 17,244 | 85% | $289 | 9,557 | 47% |
| Ohio | 207,039 | 156,711 | 76% | $267 | 93,661 | 45% |
| Oklahoma | 129,060 | 117,505 | 91% | $551 | 80,548 | 62% |
| Oregon | 137,305 | 102,893 | 75% | $345 | 54,153 | 39% |
| Pennsylvania | 363,710 | 301,632 | 83% | $424 | 205,692 | 57% |
| Rhode Island | 29,065 | 22,551 | 78% | $248 | 15,933 | 55% |
| South Carolina | 183,163 | 166,682 | 91% | $422 | 132,649 | 72% |
| South Dakota | 27,314 | 24,953 | 91% | $443 | 16,144 | 59% |
| Tennessee | 200,401 | 176,463 | 88% | $534 | 118,901 | 59% |
| Texas | 963,171 | 829,374 | 86% | $333 | 604,735 | 63% |
| Utah | 176,889 | 154,286 | 87% | $234 | 109,204 | 62% |
| Vermont | 29,088 | 22,092 | 76% | $325 | 11,631 | 40% |
| Virginia | 364,614 | 301,669 | 83% | $317 | 218,241 | 60% |
| Washington | 184,070 | 116,183 | 63% | $253 | 72,771 | 40% |
| West Virginia | 29,674 | 25,841 | 87% | $558 | 15,203 | 51% |
| Wisconsin | 216,355 | 179,211 | 83% | $401 | 111,318 | 51% |
| Wyoming | 22,120 | 20,230 | 91% | $506 | 12,302 | 56% |
| United States | 10,330,759 | 8,707,757 | 84% | $371 | 5,895,662 | 57% |
| Sources: Kaiser Family Foundation, "Total Marketplace Enrollment and Financial Assistance" Kaiser Family Foundation, "Estimated Total Premium Tax Credits Received by Marketplace Enrollees" | ||||||
2015[edit]
In 2015, nearly 10 million people nationwide enrolled through an exchange, which was about 35 percent of the total number estimated to be eligible for marketplace enrollment. About 83.7 percent of marketplace enrollees nationwide were eligible for the premium tax credit, while 56 percent were eligible for the cost-sharing reduction. The average premium tax credit was $272 per month, or $3,264 per year.[1][9][10]
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| Total marketplace enrollment and financial assistance, 2015 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Total marketplace enrollment | Estimated number of potential 2015 enrollees | Percent of potential population enrolled | Number receiving tax credits | Percent of total | Average monthly tax credit | Number receiving cost-sharing reductions | Percent of total |
| Alabama | 141,361 | 450,000 | 31% | 128,432 | 90.9% | $270 | 102,696 | 72.6% |
| Alaska | 19,380 | 87,000 | 22% | 17,207 | 88.8% | $536 | 10,331 | 53.3% |
| Arizona | 51,436 | 628,000 | 25% | 46,299 | 90.0% | $158 | 29,395 | 57.1% |
| Arkansas | 154,121 | 254,000 | 20% | 117,514 | 76.2% | $284 | 83,165 | 54.0% |
| California | 1,393,567 | 3,245,000 | 43% | 1,227,770 | 88.1% | $303 | 715,158 | 51.3% |
| Colorado | 122,976 | 571,000 | 22% | 68,027 | 55.3% | $231 | 33,042 | 26.9% |
| Connecticut | 92,213 | 224,000 | 41% | 71,937 | 78.0% | $361 | 37,841 | 41.0% |
| Delaware | 14,637 | 48,000 | 49% | 1,493 | 10.2% | $265 | 399 | 2.7% |
| District of Columbia | 23,163 | 33,000 | 45% | 19,373 | 83.6% | $160 | 10,267 | 44.3% |
| Florida | 1,314,890 | 2,504,000 | 53% | 1,200,960 | 91.3% | $294 | 909,344 | 69.2% |
| Georgia | 417,890 | 1,091,000 | 38% | 376,138 | 90.0% | $274 | 280,163 | 67.0% |
| Hawaii | 8,802 | 55,000 | 16% | 5,404 | 61.4% | $192 | 3,165 | 36.0% |
| Idaho | 85,981 | 217,000 | 40% | 70,179 | 81.6% | $228 | 54,198 | 63.0% |
| Illinois | 297,406 | 954,000 | 31% | 231,310 | 77.8% | $211 | 138,487 | 46.6% |
| Indiana | 167,261 | 506,000 | 33% | 146,160 | 87.4% | $320 | 79,964 | 47.8% |
| Iowa | 39,347 | 225,000 | 18% | 33,627 | 85.5% | $263 | 19,262 | 49.0% |
| Kansas | 84,872 | 245,000 | 35% | 67,733 | 79.8% | $210 | 46,897 | 55.3% |
| Kentucky | 88,904 | 261,000 | 34% | 62,048 | 69.8% | $223 | 33,915 | 38.1% |
| Louisiana | 141,740 | 524,000 | 27% | 128,524 | 90.7% | $323 | 82,070 | 57.9% |
| Maine | 66,628 | 124,000 | 54% | 59,027 | 88.6% | $337 | 38,298 | 57.5% |
| Maryland | 120,517 | 458,000 | 26% | 85,225 | 70.7% | $221 | 60,200 | 50.0% |
| Massachusetts | 156,448 | 385,000 | 41% | 114,240 | 73.0% | $187 | 92,973 | 59.4% |
| Michigan | 288,751 | 689,000 | 42% | 224,354 | 77.7% | $273 | 156,423 | 54.2% |
| Minnesota | 49,066 | 275,000 | 18% | 26,874 | 54.8% | $166 | 7,432 | 15.1% |
| Mississippi | 73,223 | 284,000 | 26% | 69,825 | 95.4% | $351 | 56,710 | 77.4% |
| Missouri | 212,256 | 639,000 | 33% | 188,352 | 88.7% | $278 | 122,573 | 57.7% |
| Montana | 48,591 | 121,000 | 40% | 40,231 | 82.8% | $230 | 24,731 | 50.9% |
| Nebraska | 63,776 | 235,000 | 27% | 56,192 | 88.1% | $257 | 31,884 | 50.0% |
| Nevada | 60,879 | 256,000 | 24% | 49,734 | 81.7% | $271 | 34,258 | 56.3% |
| New Hampshire | 44,727 | 104,000 | 43% | 28,068 | 62.8% | $264 | 15,865 | 35.5% |
| New Jersey | 194,194 | 589,000 | 33% | 161,255 | 83.0% | $313 | 98,463 | 50.7% |
| New Mexico | 44,307 | 156,000 | 28% | 32,341 | 73.0% | $200 | 20,684 | 46.7% |
| New York | 370,058 | 1,246,000 | 30% | 264,156 | 71.4% | $224 | 175,524 | 47.4% |
| North Carolina | 459,714 | 1,097,000 | 42% | 421,307 | 91.6% | $316 | 294,130 | 64.0% |
| North Dakota | 16,651 | 78,000 | 21% | 14,244 | 85.5% | $232 | 7,021 | 42.2% |
| Ohio | 188,223 | 932,000 | 20% | 157,976 | 83.9% | $255 | 80,964 | 43.0% |
| Oklahoma | 108,614 | 398,000 | 27% | 86,904 | 80.0% | $209 | 64,830 | 59.7% |
| Oregon | 102,912 | 324,000 | 32% | 77,153 | 75.0% | $199 | 45,318 | 44.0% |
| Pennsylvania | 397,967 | 899,000 | 44% | 320,162 | 80.4% | $227 | 219,923 | 55.3% |
| Rhode Island | 32,451 | 73,000 | 45% | N/A | N/A | $242 | N/A | N/A |
| South Carolina | 165,276 | 441,000 | 37% | 146,530 | 88.7% | $281 | 103,664 | 62.7% |
| South Dakota | 18,983 | 101,000 | 19% | 16,618 | 87.5% | $229 | 12,138 | 63.9% |
| Tennessee | 177,453 | 579,000 | 31% | 149,920 | 84.5% | $218 | 111,844 | 63.0% |
| Texas | 943,218 | 3,061,000 | 31% | 804,918 | 85.3% | $247 | 557,752 | 59.1% |
| Utah | 126,784 | 376,000 | 34% | 83,155 | 65.6% | $208 | 78,763 | 62.1% |
| Vermont | 33,306 | 45,000 | 74% | 21,399 | 64.2% | $275 | 10,733 | 32.2% |
| Virginia | 327,026 | 831,000 | 39% | 274,044 | 83.8% | $258 | 178,092 | 54.5% |
| Washington | 164,280 | 503,000 | 33% | 127,760 | 77.8% | $261 | 70,185 | 42.7% |
| West Virginia | 31,106 | 106,000 | 29% | 26,673 | 85.7% | $314 | 16,472 | 53.0% |
| Wisconsin | 183,682 | 478,000 | 38% | 164,541 | 89.6% | $315 | 105,884 | 57.6% |
| Wyoming | 18,065 | 65,000 | 28% | 16,653 | 92.2% | $425 | 9,343 | 51.7% |
| United States | 9,949,079 | 28,066,000 | 35% | 8,329,966 | 83.7% | $272 | 5,572,833 | 56% |
| Sources: National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Actions to Address Health Insurance Exchanges" The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Marketplace Enrollment as a Share of the Potential Marketplace Population" The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Average Monthly Advance Premium Tax Credit (APTC)" | ||||||||
Effect of the Affordable Care Act in the 50 states[edit]
Click on a state below to read more about how the Affordable Care Act has affected that state.
See also[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Actions to Address Health Insurance Exchanges," October 13, 2015
- ↑ Healthcare.gov, "Health Insurance Marketplace," accessed November 16, 2015
- ↑ Healthcare.gov, "Advanced Premium Tax Credits (APTC)," accessed October 19, 2015
- ↑ Internal Revenue Service, "Questions and Answers on the Premium Tax Credit," accessed October 19, 2015
- ↑ The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Cost-Sharing Subsidies in Federal Marketplace Plans," February 11, 2015
- ↑ Healthcare.gov, "Cost Sharing Reduction," accessed October 19, 2015
- ↑ Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Total Marketplace Enrollment and Financial Assistance," accessed November 8, 2017
- ↑ Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Estimated Total Premium Tax Credits Received by Marketplace Enrollees," accessed November 8, 2017
- ↑ The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Marketplace Enrollment as a Share of the Potential Marketplace Population," accessed October 20, 2015
- ↑ The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, "Average Monthly Advance Premium Tax Credit (APTC)," accessed October 20, 2015
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