South Carolina State Senate

South Carolina State Senate
General Information
Party control:	Republican
Session start:	January 9, 2024
Session end:	May 9, 2024
Term length:	4 years
Term limits:	None
Redistricting:	Legislature-dominant
Salary:	$10,400/year + per diem
Members
Total:	46
Democrats:	15
Republicans:	30
Other:	1
Vacancies:	0
Leadership
President:	Thomas Alexander (R)
Maj. Leader:	Shane Massey (R)
Min. Leader:	Brad Hutto (D)
Elections
Last election:	November 3, 2020
Next election:	November 5, 2024

The South Carolina State Senate is the upper chamber of the South Carolina State Legislature. Alongside the South Carolina House of Representatives, it forms the legislative branch of the South Carolina state government and works alongside the governor of South Carolina to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the South Carolina State Senate include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.

The South Carolina State Senate meets in the South Carolina State House in Columbia.

All 46 seats in the South Carolina State Senate are up for election in 2024.

All 46 Senate seats were up for election in 2020. The chamber's Republican majority increased from 27-19 to 30-16. Click to read more »

South Carolina has a Republican trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature.

This page contains the following information on the South Carolina State Senate.

• Which party controls the chamber
• The chamber's current membership
• Partisan control of the chamber over time
• Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled
• A district
• How redistricting works in the state
• Legislation currently under consideration
• Legislative session dates
• Legislative procedures, such as veto overrides and the state budget process
• A list of committees

Party control[edit]

Current partisan control[edit]

The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the South Carolina State Senate as of August 2024:

Party		As of August 2024
	Democratic Party	15
	Republican Party	30
	Other	1
	Vacancies	0
Total		46

Members[edit]

Leadership and members[edit]

• Senate president: Thomas Alexander (R)
• Majority leader: Shane Massey (R)
• Minority leader: Brad Hutto (D)

Salaries[edit]

See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries

State legislative salaries, 2024[1]
Salary	Per diem
$10,400/year	$231/day

Swearing in dates[edit]

See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

South Carolina legislators assume office the Monday after the election.^[2]

Membership qualifications[edit]

See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

To be eligible to serve in the South Carolina State Senate a candidate must be:^[3]

• A U.S. citizen at the time of filing
• 25 years old at the filing deadline time
• A resident of the district at the filing deadline time

Historical party control[edit]

Republicans won control of the South Carolina State Senate in 2000. In 2020, they won a 30-16 majority.

The table below shows the partisan history of the South Carolina Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2020. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

South Carolina State Senate election results: 1992-2020

Party	'92	'96	'00	'04	'08	'12	'16	'20
Democrats	30	26	22	19	19	18	18	16
Republicans	16	20	24	27	27	28	28	30

Trifecta history[edit]

A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, South Carolina was under the following types of trifecta control:

• Democratic trifecta: None
• Republican trifecta: 2003-2023
• Divided government: 1992-2002

South Carolina Party Control: 1992-2024
No Democratic trifectas  •  Twenty-two years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
Governor	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
Senate	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
House	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

Elections[edit]

Elections by year[edit]

South Carolina state senators serve four-year terms, with all seats up for election every four years. South Carolina holds elections for its legislature in even years.

2024[edit]

See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2024

Elections for the South Carolina State Senate will take place in 2024. The general election is on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 11, 2024, and the primary runoff was June 25, 2024. The filing deadline was April 1, 2024.

2020[edit]

See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2020

Elections for the office of South Carolina State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 9, 2020, and a primary runoff was scheduled for June 23, 2020. The filing deadline was March 30, 2020.

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 27-19 majority. Republicans gained three seats in the election, giving them a 30-16 majority.

South Carolina State Senate
Party		As of November 3, 2020	After November 4, 2020
	Democratic Party	19	16
	Republican Party	27	30
Total		46	46

2016[edit]

See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2016

Elections for the South Carolina State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election took place on June 14, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The primary runoff election was held on June 28, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was March 30, 2016. All 46 seats in the South Carolina State Senate were up for election in 2016.

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 28-18 majority. No partisan change occurred in the election.

South Carolina State Senate
Party		As of November 7, 2016	After November 8, 2016
	Democratic Party	18	18
	Republican Party	28	28
Total		46	46

Click [show] to see election information dating back to 2000

2012[edit] See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2012 Elections for the office of South Carolina State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on June 12, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was March 30, 2012. A total of 46 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 27-19 majority. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 28-18 majority. South Carolina State Senate Party As of November 5, 2012 After the 2012 Election      Democratic Party 19 18      Republican Party 27 28 Total 46 46 The following table details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election. 2012 Margin of Victory, South Carolina State Senate District Winner Margin of Victory Total Votes Top Opponent District 10 Floyd Nicholson 7.1% 37,852 Jennings McAbee, Sr. District 23 Katrina Shealy 7.4% 32,735 John Knotts District 35 Thomas McElveen 9.7% 40,997 Tony Barwick District 41 Paul Thurmond 11.6% 49,968 Paul Tinkler District 20 John Courson 21% 42,923 Robert Rikard District 26 Nikki Setzler 21% 36,177 Deedee Vaughters District 2 Larry Martin 29.1% 37,285 Rex Rice District 12 Lee Bright 29.1% 44,583 Henri Thompson District 7 Karl Allen 31% 33,651 Jane Kizer District 28 Greg Hembree 32.4% 39,499 Butch Johnson 2008[edit] See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2008 Elections for the office of South Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 10, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $11,006,391. The top 10 contributors were:[4] 2008 Donors, South Carolina State Senate Donor Amount Elliott, Dick F $402,000 Cromer, Ronnie W $175,000 South Carolina Bank & Trust $101,134 Anderson, Greg $100,000 Davis, Thomas C $95,566 Senate Republican Caucus Of South Carolina $91,925 Rose, Mike $85,667 Peeler, Harvey $85,500 Senate Democratic Caucus Of South Carolina $65,000 Scana Corp $59,000 2004[edit] See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2004 Elections for the office of South Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 8, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $10,207,188. The top 10 contributors were:[5] 2004 Donors, South Carolina State Senate Donor Amount Norwood, Timothy F $648,935 Cromer, Ronnie W $236,000 Bryant, Kevin L $143,848 Kuhn, John R $140,783 Cmte To Elect Chuck Allen $137,000 Wukela, Steve J $102,000 Jones, Richard C (Dickie) $100,100 Elliott, Dick $100,000 Elliott, Dick $100,000 Senate Republican Caucus Of South Carolina $83,000 2000[edit] See also: South Carolina State Senate elections, 2000 Elections for the office of South Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 13, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $6,670,088. The top 10 contributors were:[6] 2000 Donors, South Carolina State Senate Donor Amount Leatherman, Hugh Kenneth $297,500 Senate Republican Caucus Of South Carolina $116,000 Grooms, Larry $106,802 Rice Jr, E Blair $101,000 Canty, Ralph $65,216 Clemmons, Alan $58,000 California Manufactured Housing Institute $48,100 South Carolina Automobile Dealers Association $42,720 South Carolina Optometric Association $39,050 Lawson, Blane H $38,428

Vacancies[edit]

See also: How vacancies are filled in state legislatures

If there is a vacancy in the South Carolina Legislature, the presiding officer of the chamber in which the vacancy happens must call for a special election. If candidates plan to seek the nomination through a political party primary or a political party convention, the filing period begins on the third Friday after the vacancy occurs. The qualifying deadline is eight days after the filing period opens.^[7]

If a candidate plans to seek the nomination via petition, all signatures must be submitted to the appropriate filing officer no later than 60 days before the election. All signatures must be verified by the filing officer no later than 45 days before the election.^[8]

A primary election must be held on the eleventh Tuesday after the vacancy occurs. If necessary, a primary runoff must be held on the thirteenth Tuesday after the vacancy occurs. The special election is held on the twentieth Tuesday after the vacancy occurs. If the twentieth Tuesday after the vacancy occurs is less than 60 days prior to the general election, the special election must be held on the same day as the general election.^[8][9]

See sources: South Carolina Const. Art. III, § 25 and South Carolina Code Ann. § 7-13-190

District map[edit]

See also: South Carolina state legislative districts

The state of South Carolina has 46 state Senate districts. Each district elects one senator.

Use the interactive map below to find your district.

Redistricting[edit]

See also: Redistricting in South Carolina

In South Carolina, congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the state legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.^[10]

South Carolina's legislative redistricting committees adopted redistricting guidelines in 2011. These guidelines recommend that all congressional and state legislative districts be contiguous and "attempt to preserve communities of interest and cores of incumbents' existing districts." Further, the guidelines suggest that districts should "adhere to county, municipal, and voting precinct boundary lines." These guidelines may modified by the legislature at its discretion.^[10]

2020[edit]

See also: Redistricting in South Carolina after the 2020 census

South Carolina enacted new state legislative district maps on December 10, 2021, when Gov. McMaster signed a proposal approved by the South Carolina House and Senate into law. The South Carolina Senate approved House and Senate map proposals in a 43-1 vote on December 7, 2021, and the House approved the new districts in a 75-27 vote on December 9, 2021. Gov. McMaster signed the bill into law the next day.^[11]

District map after 2020 redistricting[edit]

This map took effect for South Carolina's 2022 legislative elections.

2010[edit]

See also: Redistricting in South Carolina after the 2010 census

The 2010 census indicated South Carolina's population grew by 15.3 percent to 4.6 million, representing the tenth fastest growth rate in the country from 2000 to 2010.

On June 15, 2011, both chambers passed Senate-originated maps, and the U.S. Department of Justice cleared the maps in November 2011. The maps were contested in court, and a panel of federal judges upheld South Carolina's new congressional and state legislative districts on March 9, 2012, dismissing the lawsuit that claimed the lines were drawn to weaken African-American voters in the state.^[12][13] On March 19, 2012, six voters appealed the ruling up to the U.S. Supreme Court, which, on October 1, 2012, ruled that the lines were fair and nondiscriminatory.^[14][15]

Sessions[edit]

Legislation[edit]

The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the South Carolina State Senate has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by both chambers and signed by the governor. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.

Dates of legislative sessions in South Carolina by year[edit]

2024[edit]

See also: 2024 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2024 state legislative sessions

In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 9, 2024, and adjourn on May 9, 2024.

2023[edit]

See also: 2023 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2023 state legislative sessions

In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 10, 2023, and adjourn on May 11, 2023.

Click [show] for past years' session dates.

2022[edit] See also: 2022 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2022 state legislative sessions In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 11, 2022, and adjourn on May 12, 2022. 2021[edit] See also: 2021 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2021 state legislative sessions In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 12, 2021, and adjourn on May 13, 2021. 2020[edit] See also: 2020 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2020 state legislative sessions In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 14, 2020, and adjourn on June 25, 2020. Effect of coronavirus pandemic[edit] See also: Changes to state legislative session dates in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020 Coronavirus pandemic Select a topic from the dropdown below to learn more. Political responses overviewState reopening plansDocumenting America's Path to RecoveryElection changesChanges to vote-by-mail and absentee voting proceduresFederal responsesState responsesState executive ordersStay-at-home ordersMultistate agreementsNon-governmental reopening plansEvictions and foreclosures policiesTravel restrictionsEnacted state legislationState legislative session changesSchool closuresState court closuresInmate releasesLocal government responsesDiagnosed or quarantined politiciansBallot measure changesArguments about government responsesThe 1918 influenza pandemicPandemic Response Accountability CommitteeUnemployment filingsLawsuitsBallotpedia's polling on the coronavirus pandemicSubmit Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. 2019[edit] See also: 2019 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2019 state legislative sessions In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 8, 2019, through May 21, 2019. 2018[edit] See also: 2018 South Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2018 state legislative sessions In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2018, through May 10, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here. 2017[edit] See also: Dates of 2017 state legislative sessions In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 10, 2017, through May 11, 2017. The legislature held a special session on June 6, 2017. 2016[edit] See also: Dates of 2016 state legislative sessions In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 12 through June 2. 2015[edit] See also: Dates of 2015 state legislative sessions In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 13 through June 4. The legislature had a veto session from June 16 to July 9.[16] Major issues in 2015[edit] Major issues during the 2015 session included the South Carolina Supreme Court ruling on rural school equity, roads, gas prices, and criminal domestic violence. The court issued a ruling in a 21-year-old funding lawsuit and directed the legislature to provide a solution to inequity for rural schools in the state. However, lawmakers were given no direction by the state's highest court, and were forced to develop a plan on their own.[17] 2014[edit] See also: Dates of 2014 state legislative sessions In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 14 through June 6. Major issues in 2014[edit] Major issues during the 2014 legislative session included ethics reform and government restructuring.[18] 2013[edit] See also: Dates of 2013 state legislative sessions In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 8 to June 20. Major issues in 2013[edit] Major issues in the 2013 legislative session included computer security, improving the state's roads and bridges, and addressing healthcare.[19] 2012[edit] See also: Dates of 2012 state legislative sessions In 2012, the legislature was in session from January 11 through June 7. Major issues in 2012[edit] Legislators addressed a budget surplus of $900 million. Major agenda issues included tax reform, job security measures, reforming the state retirement system, and creating a new school funding formula.[20] 2011[edit] See also: Dates of 2011 state legislative sessions In 2011, the legislature was in regular session from January 11 through June 2.[21] On June 2, 2011, Governor Nikki Haley (R) attempted to call the legislature into an "emergency" special session to begin on June 7 to create the new South Carolina Department of Administration. A lawsuit was filed by Senate President Pro Tem Glenn McConnell (R), in which he contended that Haley's call for a special session was unconstitutional, and that it violated the state Constitution's requirement of separation of powers among the governor, legislature and courts.[22] On June 6, 2011, the South Carolina Supreme Court ruled 3-2 against Governor Haley, stating that her order violated the legislature's ability to set its calendar and agenda.[23] The legislature met in a special redistricting session from June 14 to July 1.[24] The legislature re-convened July 26.[25] 2010[edit] See also: Dates of 2010 state legislative sessions In 2010, the legislature was in session from January 12 to June 3.

About legislative sessions in South Carolina[edit]

The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.^[26] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.

Article III of the South Carolina Constitution establishes when the South Carolina State Legislature, of which the Senate is a part, is to be in session. Section 9 of Article III states that the Legislature is to convene on the second Tuesday of January each year. Section 9 allows the General Assembly to recede from session for up to thirty days by a majority vote of the legislative house seeking to recede. Furthermore, one or both houses can recede from session for more than thirty days if that action is approved by two-thirds of the members.

Legislative roles and procedures[edit]

Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, procedures for filling membership vacancies, and redistricting.

Veto overrides[edit]

See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures

State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in South Carolina are listed below.

How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members present in both chambers.

Two-thirds of members present in both chambers must vote to override a veto. If all members are in attendance, this is 83 of the 124 members in the South Carolina House of Representatives and 31 of the 46 members in the South Carolina State Senate. South Carolina is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto.

How can vetoes be overridden after the legislature has adjourned?

Vetoes can be overridden in a special session or when the next regular session convenes.[27]

Authority: Article IV, Section 21 of the South Carolina Constitution.

"Every bill or joint resolution which shall have passed the General Assembly, except on a question of adjournment, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the Governor, and if he approves he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the objections at large on its Journal and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass it, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house it shall have the same effect as if it had been signed by the Governor; but in all such cases the vote of both houses shall be taken by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill or joint resolution shall be entered on the Journals of both houses respectively."

Role in state budget[edit]

See also: South Carolina state budget and finances

South Carolina on

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The state operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows^[28]

1. In August of the year preceding the start of the new fiscal year, the governor sends budget instructions to state agencies.
2. Between September and October, agencies submit their budget requests to the governor.
3. Budget hearings are held with state agencies in October.
4. In January, the governor submits his or her proposed budget to the state legislature.
5. Both the House and the Senate pass a budget. If these versions do not match, a conference committee consisting of both House and Senate members is assembled to reconcile the differences.^[29]
6. The legislature adopts a budget in May. The fiscal year begins July 1.

South Carolina is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.^[28][30]

The governor is constitutionally required to submit a balanced budget to the legislature. In turn, the legislature must pass a balanced budget, and any budget signed into law by the governor must be balanced.^[28]

Committees[edit]

See also: List of committees in South Carolina state government

Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.

• Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
• Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
• Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.

Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The South Carolina State Senate has 14 standing committees:

Constitutional amendments[edit]

In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

The methods in which the South Carolina Constitution can be amended:

See also: Article XVI of the South Carolina Constitution and Laws governing ballot measures in South Carolina

The South Carolina Constitution provides two mechanisms for amending the state's constitution— a legislative process and a state constitutional convention. South Carolina requires a simple majority vote (50% plus 1) for voters to approve constitutional amendments.

Legislature[edit]

See also: Legislatively referred constitutional amendment

A two-thirds (66.67%) vote is required during one legislative session for the South Carolina State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 82 votes in the South Carolina House of Representatives and 30 votes in the South Carolina State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.

In South Carolina, the Legislature needs to approve a constitutional amendment for a second time after voters approve the amendment. This second vote requires a simple majority in the House and Senate.

Convention[edit]

See also: Convention-referred constitutional amendment

According to Section 3 of Article XVI of the South Carolina Constitution, a constitutional convention can be held if two-thirds of the members of both houses of the South Carolina State Legislature vote to put the question on the ballot.

2025 measures:

See also: 2025 ballot measures

Certified:

The following measures were certified for the ballot.

No measures to list

2024 measures:

Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature.

See also: South Carolina 2024 ballot measures

Certified:

The following measures were certified for the ballot.

South Carolina Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment				Democrats	Republicans
Senate:	Required: 30	Yes votes: 40 (88.89%)	No votes: 3 (6.67%)	Yes: 11; No: 2	Yes: 29; No: 0
House:	Required: 82	Yes votes: 105 (84.68%)	No votes: 0 (0.00%)	Yes: 24; No: 0	Yes: 81; No: 0

See also[edit]

Elections	South Carolina State Government	State Legislatures	State Politics
South Carolina State Senate elections, 2024 South Carolina State Senate elections, 2020 South Carolina State Senate elections, 2016	South Carolina State Legislature South Carolina House of Representatives Governor of South Carolina South Carolina Supreme Court	State legislative elections, 2024 State legislative elections, 2023 State legislative elections, 2022 State legislative elections, 2021 State legislative elections, 2020 State legislative elections, 2019 State legislative elections, 2018	State government trifectas State government triplexes State executives State courts Ballot measures

External links[edit]

• South Carolina State Senate

Footnotes[edit]

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