2022 Democratic Party primary elections |
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Elections to the U.S. House were held on November 8, 2022. All 435 seats were up for election. Special elections were also held to fill vacancies that occurred in the 117th Congress.
On this page, you will find:
This page focuses on U.S. House Democratic primaries. For more in-depth information about U.S. House Republican primaries and general elections, see the following pages:
Heading into the November 8, 2022, elections, Democrats held a 220-212 advantage in the U.S. House with three vacant seats. All 435 seats were up for election.
U.S. House Partisan Breakdown | |||
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Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After the 2022 Election | |
Democratic Party | 220 | 213 | |
Republican Party | 212 | 222 | |
Vacancies | 3 | 0[1] | |
Total | 435 | 435 |
Alaska, California, Louisiana, and Washington are included in the list below even though they do not hold partisan primaries. Alaska uses a top-four primary system, and California and Washington use a top-two primary system. In both systems, all candidates regardless of partisan affiliation are listed on the same primary ballot. Louisiana uses a majority-vote system in which all candidates regardless of partisan affiliation are listed on the same first-round ballot.
2022 Democratic primaries by date | |
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Date | State |
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November 8 |
2022 Democratic primaries by state | |
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State | Date |
Alabama | May 24 |
Alaska | August 16 |
Arizona | August 2 |
Arkansas | May 24 |
California | June 7 |
Colorado | June 28 |
Connecticut | August 9 |
Delaware | September 13 |
Florida | August 23 |
Georgia | May 24 |
Hawaii | August 13 |
Idaho | May 17 |
Illinois | June 28 |
Indiana | May 3 |
Iowa | June 7 |
Kansas | August 2 |
Kentucky | May 17 |
Louisiana | November 8 |
Maine | June 14 |
Maryland | July 19 |
Massachusetts | September 6 |
Michigan | August 2 |
Minnesota | August 9 |
Mississippi | June 7 |
Missouri | August 2 |
Montana | June 7 |
Nebraska | May 10 |
Nevada | June 14 |
New Hampshire | September 13 |
New Jersey | June 7 |
New Mexico | June 7 |
New York | August 23 |
North Carolina | May 17 |
North Dakota | June 14 |
Ohio | May 3 |
Oklahoma | June 28 |
Oregon | May 17 |
Pennsylvania | May 17 |
Rhode Island | September 13 |
South Carolina | June 14 |
South Dakota | June 7 |
Tennessee | August 4 |
Texas | March 1 |
Utah | June 28 |
Vermont | August 9 |
Virginia | June 21 |
Washington | August 2 |
West Virginia | May 10 |
Wisconsin | August 9 |
Wyoming | August 16 |
There were 30 U.S. House Democratic battleground primaries in 2022.
The following map shows each state with a Democratic battleground primary for U.S. House in 2022. Hover over or tap a district to view the incumbent's name.
The following table lists incumbents defeated in the 2022 general election for U.S. House.[3]
The following table shows the number of U.S. House incumbents defeated in each election cycle from 2000 to 2022, by party.
Defeated U.S. House incumbents by party, 2000-2022 | ||||||
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Year | Democratic incumbents lost | Republican incumbents lost | Total | |||
2022 | 12 | 13 | 25 | |||
2020 | 16 | 5 | 21 | |||
2018 | 2 | 32 | 34 | |||
2016 | 3 | 9 | 12 | |||
2014 | 12 | 6 | 18 | |||
2012 | 10 | 17 | 27 | |||
2010 | 54 | 4 | 58 | |||
2008 | 6 | 17 | 23 | |||
2006 | 0 | 22 | 22 | |||
2004 | 5 | 2 | 7 | |||
2002 | 12 | 5 | 17 | |||
2000 | 4 | 5 | 9 |
The U.S. House incumbents listed in the table below announced their candidacy for the same congressional district for the 2022 U.S. House elections.
U.S. House incumbents who announced candidacies in the same district for the 2022 elections | |||||
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U.S. House incumbent (party) | District | U.S. House incumbent (party) | District | 2022 District | Election winner |
Neal Dunn | Florida's 2nd | Al Lawson | Florida's 5th | Florida's 2nd[12] | Dunn |
Carolyn Bourdeaux | Georgia's 7th | Lucy McBath | Georgia's 6th | Georgia's 7th[13] | McBath |
Sean Casten | Illinois' 6th | Marie Newman | Illinois' 3rd | Illinois' 6th[14] | Casten |
Rodney Davis | Illinois' 13th | Mary Miller | Illinois' 15th | Illinois' 15th[15] | Miller |
Andy Levin | Michigan's 9th | Haley Stevens | Michigan's 11th | Michigan's 11th[16] | Stevens |
Carolyn Maloney | New York's 12th | Jerry Nadler | New York's 10th | New York's 12th[17] | Nadler |
Mayra Flores | Texas' 34th | Vicente Gonzalez Jr. | Texas' 15th | Texas' 34th[18] | Gonzalez |
David McKinley | West Virginia's 1st | Alex Mooney | West Virginia's 2nd | West Virginia's 2nd[19] | Mooney |
For more information about the redistricting process in those states where multiple U.S. House incumbents ran in the same district, see:
The following were reprinted from Ballotpedia's The Heart of the Primaries newsletter, which captured stories related to conflicts within each major party.
Throughout the year, incumbent Democrats' positions on the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and Build Back Better Act were points of debate in primaries. The conflicts involved arguments over bipartisanship, divisiveness, and furthering the president's agenda.
In August 2021, the House passed a resolution to advance both the infrastructure and Build Back Better bills. The resolution contained a nonbinding commitment to vote on the infrastructure bill in September (which did not happen). The House passed the infrastructure bill and then Build Back Better in November. The Senate didn't take up Build Back Better. Both chambers passed and President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act, a smaller reconciliation bill, this year.
The Infrastructure bill "no" voters
Six lawmakers said they voted against the infrastructure bill because it was separated from the Build Back Better Act. Among the six, four faced primary opposition: Reps. Jamaal Bowman (NY-16), Cori Bush (MO-01), Ilhan Omar (MN-05), and Rashida Tlaib (MI-13). Each faced criticism from opponents and opponents' supporters for their votes.
Critics, including the incumbents' primary opponents, said the representatives were divisive and not focused on getting results. The representatives said passing the infrastructure bill separately from Build Back Better threatened the fate of the latter bill.
Each of the four incumbents above won their primaries. For more on the conflict in each of the races, including quotes from candidates and opponents, see the Heart of the Primaries stories below.
The budget resolution debaters
Nine Democratic House members signed a letter in August 2021 saying they would not support a budget resolution needed to pass Build Back Better unless a vote on the infrastructure bill, which the Senate had passed, happened first. Reps. Henry Cuellar (TX-28) and Carolyn Bourdeaux (GA-07) were among the nine who signed.
The letter said, "The country is clamoring for infrastructure investment and commonsense, bipartisan solutions. This legislation does both[.] … [W]e simply can’t afford months of unnecessary delays and risk squandering this once-in-a-century, bipartisan infrastructure package."
Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.) held a rally for Jessica Cisneros, who challenged Cuellar in a rematch in 2022. Ocasio-Cortez said, "If you’re upset about Build Back Better, you can elect Jessica Cisneros."
And in Georgia's 7th, where Boudeaux faced fellow incumbent Lucy McBath (D) due to redistricting, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution's Patricia Murphy and Greg Bluestein wrote that "Bourdeaux drew the wrath of progressive groups -- and [Stacey] Abrams allies -- for joining other moderates with a stand that threatened to derail a $3.5 trillion social policy plan."
Bourdeaux and Cuellar supported the budget resolution with the nonbinding agreement and both bills when they came up in November. Cuellar won a primary runoff against Cisneros, while Bourdeaux lost to McBath.
Throughout the year, the satellite groups United Democracy Project, Protect our Future PAC, and Democratic Majority for Israel made headlines for their involvement in Democratic U.S. House primaries. According to Open Secrets data as of September 14, 2022, the groups spent a combined $55 million of the total $106 million all groups spent in those primaries. United Democracy Project and Protect Our Futures PAC were the biggest spenders at $24 million a piece.
United Democracy Project is a super PAC affiliated with the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC). The group spent $14 million supporting Democratic primary candidates and $11 million opposing Democratic candidates.
United Democracy Project made its largest expenditure in Maryland’s 4th Congressional District primary. We covered conflict over the group's involvement in the race, and J Street Action Fund's counter-involvement, in our July 14 issue. United Democracy Project spent $4.3 million opposing former U.S. Rep. Donna Edwards and $1.7 million supporting former Prince George's County state attorney Glenn Ivey. Ivey defeated Edwards 51% to 35% in the July 19 primary.
The group also spent $3.9 million supporting Rep. Haley Stevens in Michigan’s 11th Congressional District. Stevens defeated fellow incumbent Andy Levin 59.5% to 40.5%. For stories on satellite spending in Michigan’s 11th and the candidates' positions on Israel, see our March 10, July 7, and August 4 issues.
Protect Our Future PAC is associated with cryptocurrency exchange founder Sam Bankman-Fried. According to Open Secrets, $23.3 million (96%) of the group's expenditures supported Democratic candidates.
Protect Our Future PAC spent $10.4 million supporting Carrick Flynn in Oregon's newly created 6th Congressional District Democratic primary. The group spent $936,000 opposing Andrea Salinas. Salinas, the only Democratic primary candidate Protect Our Future PAC spent against, won the May 17 primary with 36% of the vote. Flynn finished second with 18%.
Protect Our Future PAC’s spending made Oregon’s 6th District the congressional district with the most satellite spending this primary season. See our April 14 and May 19 issues for more on the group's involvement in this district.
Democratic Majority for Israel spent $6.6 million in Democratic primaries. Almost half was spent in Ohio’s 11th Congressional District. The group spent $1.6 million supporting Shontel Brown and $1.5 million opposing Nina Turner, who were in a rematch from last year's special primary election. (Note that figures include spending in both the special and regular primaries.) Protect Our Future PAC and United Democracy Project were also active in this race, both spending to favor Brown's re-election. Brown defeated Turner in the May 3 primary 66% to 34%.
Democratic Majority for Israel was also active in Illnois' 6th District, where Rep. Sean Casten defeated Rep. Marie Newman 68% to 29%. The group spent more than $500,000 opposing Newman. See our March 10, May 19, and June 30 issues for more on this group's involvement in 2022's primaries.
The 2022 primaries were the first using new district boundaries enacted after the 2020 census. Forty-four states adopted new congressional district maps. Six states had only one congressional district.
Forty-nine states adopted new legislative district boundaries, except for Montana. The state's Legislature only meets in odd-numbered years and adjourned before the U.S. Census Bureau delivered data to the states on Aug. 12, 2021.
Seven new congressional districts
There were seven new congressional districts as a result of six states gaining U.S. House districts during apportionment: Colorado, Florida, Montana, North Carolina, Oregon, and Texas (which gained two seats).
Seven states—California, Illinois, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia—lost one district each.
Six member vs. member elections
As a result of redistricting, six U.S. House districts had two incumbents running against each other in their party's primaries (winner is in bold):
In the 2012 House elections following the most recent round of redistricting, 11 primaries featured two incumbents: seven Democratic, three Republican, and one all-party primary in Louisiana with two Republican incumbents.
Two House general elections in 2022 were set to feature two incumbents in November: Neal Dunn (R) against Al Lawson (D) in Florida's 2nd and Mayra Flores (R) against Vicente Gonzalez Jr. (D) in Texas' 34th.
Click here for more on these multi-member matchups.
In 2022, there were 48 incumbent vs. incumbent state legislative primaries: 16 for Democrats and 32 for Republicans.
Two rescheduled primaries
Two states held contests for different types of offices on two different dates because of court decisions regarding redistricting.
New York held statewide and state Assembly primaries as originally scheduled on June 28 and congressional and state Senate primaries on Aug. 23. The New York Court of Appeals, the state's highest court, overturned the state's congressional and state Senate maps on April 27, ruling that both violated the state's constitutional redistricting process.
Ohio held congressional and statewide primary elections on May 3 and legislative primaries on Aug. 2. The Ohio Supreme Court struck down the state's adopted legislative district boundaries on April 14, after previously overturning three other sets of legislative maps that the legislature or state redistricting commission had approved. The state ultimately used maps the Ohio Redistricting Commission adopted.
Overall, 15 House incumbents lost in 2022 primaries—nine Republicans and six Democrats. (Those figures include Republican Bob Gibbs (OH-07), who unofficially withdrew but whose name still appeared on the ballot.) Six incumbent losses were inevitable in 2022 due to primaries featuring two incumbents. Still, the number exceeded the previous two post-redistricting elections in 2012 and 2002. In 2012, 13 House incumbents lost primaries. And in 2002, eight incumbents lost.
Here is 2022's list of defeated U.S. House incumbents:
On Aug. 16, Alaska held top-four primaries and a special U.S. House election, the latter of which used ranked-choice voting. Certification is expected by tomorrow, and most battleground races have been called.
U.S House special general: Mary Peltola (D) won the election. On the final round of unofficial ranked-choice voting tabulation, Peltola had 51.5% of the vote to Sarah Palin's (R) 48.5%. This election fills the term ending Jan. 3, 2023.
Before tabulation began, Peltola had 40% of first-choice votes, followed by Palin with 31% and Nick Begich III (R) with 28%. Write-in candidates received a combined 1.6% of the vote.
Write-in candidates were eliminated first as a batch. Then Begich was eliminated. The votes of those who chose eliminated candidates as first choices were redistributed to the voters' second-choice candidates if they chose such. Watch a livestream of the tabulation from the Alaska Division of Elections here.
Peltola will be Alaska's first Democratic U.S. representative since Nick Begich Sr.—Nick Begich III's grandfather. Begich Sr.'s plane went missing while he was in office in 1972. Don Young (R) won a special election to succeed Begich. Young served until his death in March of this year.
Peltola, Palin, and Begich will meet again in the regularly scheduled general election for U.S. House in November. General elections for all offices below will be held Nov. 8 and will use ranked-choice voting as well.
U.S. House regular primary: As of Wednesday, The New York Times had called three of the four general election spots for Peltola, Palin, and Begich III. Peltola led with 37% of the vote, followed by Palin with 30%, Begich with 26%, and Tara Sweeney (R) with 4%.
Sweeney said she'll withdraw from the race, meaning the fourth spot would go to the fifth-place finisher. As of Wednesday, that was Libertarian Chris Bye, who had 0.6% of the vote. Sept. 2 is the target election certification date, and Sept. 6 is the ballot certification date.
Alaska governor: Incumbent Mike Dunleavy (R), Bill Walker (Independent), Les Gara (D), and Charlie Pierce (R) advanced to the general election. Dunleavy had 41% of the vote, followed by Walker and Gara with 23% each and Pierce with 7%.
Dunleavy was elected governor in 2018. He succeeded Walker, who initially ran for re-election that year and withdrew weeks ahead of the general election. Gara served in the state House of Representatives from 2003 to 2019. Pierce worked as a manager at ENSTAR Natural Gas Company.
U.S. Senate: Incumbent Lisa Murkowski (R), Kelly Tshibaka (R), Patricia Chesbro (D), and Buzz Kelley (R) advanced to the general election. Murkowski had 45% of the vote, followed by Tshibaka with 39%, Chesbro with 7%, and Kelley with 2%.
Murkowski first took office in 2002. Tshibaka is a former commissioner at the Alaska Department of Administration. Chesbro is a retired teacher. Kelley is a retired mechanic.
Murkowski is the only Republican senator seeking re-election this year who voted guilty during former President Donald Trump's 2021 impeachment trial. Murkowski's endorsers include U.S. Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R) and Sens. Dan Sullivan (R-Alaska), Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.), and Kyrsten Sinema (D-Ariz.). Trump and the Alaska Republican Party endorsed Tshibaka.
On Aug. 27, Clay, Duval, and Nassau counties' canvassing boards conducted a machine recount of Florida's 4th Congressional District Democratic primary votes. LaShonda Holloway remained in the lead, ending the recount with 207 more votes than Anthony Hill.
According to state law, a recount must be conducted when the margin of victory is less than or equal to 0.5% of the total votes cast. The 201 votes separating the candidates as of last week equaled around 0.34% of the total cast in the primary.
The winner faces Aaron Bean (R) in November. Election forecasters view this as a Safe Republican district.
This was one of several congressional primary recounts that have taken place this year. In addition to high-profile recounts in Pennsylvania's U.S. Senate Republican primary and Texas' 28th District Democratic primary runoff, others included Florida's 22nd District GOP primary, Texas' 15th District Democratic primary runoff, Wisconsin's 2nd District GOP primary, and Georgia's 10th District Democratic primary.
Florida and New York held statewide primaries Tuesday, while Oklahoma held a statewide primary runoff. We were watching four battleground Democratic primaries in Florida and New York. Here’s how those races unfolded:
Florida gubernatorial: Charlie Crist defeated Nikki Fried and two other candidates in Florida’s gubernatorial primary.
Crist had 60% of the vote to Fried’s 35%.
Crist, a U.S. Representative, won a single term as governor in 2006 as a Republican. Fried was elected state agriculture commissioner in 2018.
Crist will face incumbent Ron DeSantis (R) and six other candidates in the general election. Forecasters rate that election as Likely Republican.
New York’s 10th District: Dan Goldman defeated incumbent Mondaire Jones in New York’s 10th District.
Goldman was first with 26% of the vote, followed by Yuh-Line Niou with 24%. Jones was in 3rd place with 18%.
Jones was elected to the 17th District in 2020 and ran in the 10th because of redistricting. The new 10th District does not overlap the old 17th District.
Goldman is a former prosecutor who was lead counsel during the first impeachment of former President Donald Trump (R). Niou has been a member of the state Assembly since 2017.
New York’s 12th District: Incumbent Jerrold Nadler defeated fellow incumbent Carolyn Maloney and two others, 55%-25%.
Nadler, who represents the 10th District, was running for re-election in the 12th following redistricting. This was the sixth and final incumbent v. incumbent primary of the year.
Both Nadler and Maloney were first elected in 1992 and campaigned as progressives. Nadler chairs the Judiciary Committee, and Maloney chairs the Oversight and Government Reform Committee.
Nadler’s endorsers included U.S. Sens. Chuck Schumer (D) and Elizabeth Warren (D), while Maloney’s included the Congressional Progressive Caucus PAC and EMILY’s List.
New York’s 17th District: Incumbent Sean Maloney defeated Alessandra Biaggi, 66%-33%.
Maloney was first elected to Congress in 2012 and chairs the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. Biaggi was elected to the state Senate in 2018 and was deputy national operations manager for Hillary Clinton’s (D) 2016 presidential campaign.
Maloney currently represents the 18th District but is running in the 17th due to redistricting.
Biaggi cast herself as the progressive candidate in the race. Maloney’s endorsers included former President Bill Clinton (D) and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D), while Biaggi’s included U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D) and the Working Families Party.
The New York Times wrote that incumbents had performed better last night than in recent cycles:
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Not long ago, New York was a haven for young insurgent candidates who defeated powerful, well-funded incumbents up and down the ballot. But despite clamoring among some Democratic voters this summer for generational change, and simmering frustrations with Democratic leadership after the overturning of Roe v. Wade, Tuesday was a strong night for the establishment, at least toward the top of the ticket. In a newly redrawn New York district that includes parts of Westchester County and the Hudson Valley, Representative Sean Patrick Maloney, 56, who chairs the Democratic House campaign committee, easily dispatched a challenge from State Senator Alessandra Biaggi, 36, who ran to his left. In Manhattan, Suraj Patel, 38, a lawyer, ran an underdog campaign against Ms. Maloney and Mr. Nadler, two septuagenarians who were elected to Congress three decades ago. But his efforts to press a message that it was time for a new generation of leadership fell short against two established leaders. He came in third.[20] |
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Politico wrote about the effect of the Dobbs decision on the Florida gubernatorial primary:
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Everything we know about the overturning of Roe v. Wade is that it will likely be a major motivator for Democrats in the fall. What abortion does not appear to be — given Nikki Fried’s wipeout in the Florida gubernatorial primary on Tuesday night — is singularly determinative. Fried, the state agriculture commissioner — once heavily promoted as the future of the Democratic Party in the state — had spent much of the primary campaign casting her opponent, Rep. Charlie Crist (D-Fla.), as at best untrustworthy on the issue. Crist, a former Republican governor of the state before morphing into an independent and, eventually, a Democrat, said during his U.S. Senate run in 2010 that he would advocate for “pro-life legislative efforts.” Even days before this year’s primary, when asked if he was “pro-life,” Crist responded, “I’m for life, aren’t you?” before adding, “I’ve been pro-choice in every single decision I’ve made that affects a women’s right to choose.“ So, what’s more important to Democrats than Roe? Electability, it seems.[20] |
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