Biochemistry

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Biochemistry is the study of the chemicals and chemical processes in living organisms. It deals with the structure and function of cellular components, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biological compounds.^[1][2]

Macromolecules[edit]

For more information, see: Macromolecules.

Nucleic acid[edit]

• DNA
• RNA

Protein[edit]

For more information, see: Protein.

• Enzyme
• Amino acid
• Peptide

Carbohydrate[edit]

Lipid[edit]

For more information, see: Lipid.

Metabolism[edit]

For more information, see: Metabolism.

Energy[edit]

Glycolysis[edit]

For more information, see: Glycolysis.

• NAD

Krebs cycle[edit]

For more information, see: Citric acid cycle.

• FAD
• Electron transport chain
• Photosynthesis
• Intermediary metabolism

Proteins[edit]

Urea cycle[edit]

For more information, see: Urea cycle.

Signal transduction[edit]

For more information, see: Signal transduction.

Signal transduction is the "intercellular or intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway".^[3][4]

Intercellular primary messenger[edit]

Examples of primary messengers include hormones and neurotransmitters.

Hormone[edit]

For more information, see: Hormone.

Neurotransmitter[edit]

For more information, see: Neurotransmitter.

Cell surface receptor[edit]

For more information, see: Cell surface receptor.

Ion channel[edit]

For more information, see: Ion channel.

Second messenger system[edit]

For more information, see: Second messenger system.

Examples of second messenger systems include the adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP system, the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate system, and the cyclic GMP system

Nobel laureates contributing to Biochemistry[edit]

• Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger
• Richard J Roberts and PA Sharp
• Severo Ochoa and Arthur Kornberg
• Alexander Fleming, EB Chain and HW Florey
• Francis Harry Compton Crick, James Dewey Watson and Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins
• Linus Pauling

references[edit]