Essex-class (WWII) [r]: A purpose-built class of aircraft carriers that formed the bulk of U.S. Navy carrier forces in the Second World War; there were two improved variants, the Ticonderoga (carrier)-class and the Oriskany-class; pure Essexes served in the Korean War, and, principally in antisubmarine and amphibious roles, into the Cold War until replaced by larger ships [e]