LAMP (application stack)

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LAMP is an acronym that stands for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python." Packaged together, they create an application stack that is both free to use and open source which functions as a general purpose web server.

• Linux is an open source operating system
• Apache HTTP Server is an open source web server middleware
• MySQL is an open source Relational Database Management System (RDBMS, also known simply as a Database)
• PHP, Perl, or Python are server-side programming languages which can be installed on Apache.

History[edit]

The concept of a LAMP stack (the free general purpose web server) had been possible from as early as 1994 when CERN httpd introduced the Common Gateway Interface, which allowed for the server-side execution of code to create dynamic webpages.^[1][2] Linux, the CERN httpd, and server-side programming languages such as Perl were available for free, ^[3][4] but it wasn't until later that same year and the release of Postgre95 that it was possible to obtain a free database as well.^[5]

By 1995, the Apache HTTP server and PHP were released, allowing for a LAPP application stack.^[6][7][8] Finally in 1996, MySQL was released online and a full LAMP stack was possible.^[9][10] The popularity of the LAMP stack quickly increased during the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s, when many New Economy firms ran their websites with open source software for budget reasons.^[11]

Variations[edit]

Variations of LAMP packages (referred to as AMP packages) can differ based on the choice of operating system and other software

• LAPP substitutes PostgreSQL for MySQL
• A WAMP stack uses Microsoft Windows.
• The MAMP stack uses Macintosh computers (UNIX-based Mac OS X replaces the operating system layer).
• A SAMP stack uses the Sun Microsystems Solaris operating system.
• XAMPP is a cross-platform version of the bundle that can be downloaded and installed on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Solaris, or Linux.
• OAMP runs on OpenBSD.
• DAMP runs on the Darwin operating system, but can also be used to refer to DragonFly BSD.
• SLAMPP is a Linux distribution that can be booted from an optical disc drive to turn any computer into an instant home web server.
• A LYME stack uses Linux as the OS, Yaws as the web server, Mnesia as the database, and Erlang as the programming language
• A fully Windows stack, WINS uses Windows Server as the OS, Internet Information Services (or IIS) as the web server, SQL Server as the database, and .NET as the programming language.
• WIMP is another variation of the above, except using MySQL or MS Access as the database and PHP as the programming language

References[edit]