Vipera raddei

Vipera raddei
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia;
Phylum:	Chordata;
Subphylum:	Vertebrata;
Class:	Reptilia;
Order:	Squamata;
Suborder:	Serpentes;
Family:	Viperidae;
Subfamily:	Viperinae;
Genus:	Vipera;
Species:	V. raddei;
Binomial name
	Vipera raddei; Boettger, 1890
Synonyms
	Vipera xanthina - Strauch, 1869; Vipera xanthina - Strauch, 1873; Vipera Raddei - Boettger 1890; Vipera raddii - Boulenger, 1896; Coluber raddei - Nikolsky, 1916; Vipera lebetina raddei - Schwarz, 1936; Vipera xanthina raddei - Mertens, 1952; Daboia (Daboia) raddei raddei - Obst, 1983; Daboia raddei - Engelmann et al., 1985; Vipera raddei - Nilson & Andrén, 1986; Vipera raddei kurdistanica - Nilson & Andrén, 1986; Vipera raddei - Latifi, 1991;

Main Article

Discussion

Description[edit]

Adult males grow to a maximum length of 99 cm. Adult females are smaller with a maximum of 79 cm.^[2]

Geographic range[edit]

Found in eastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and possibly also in Iraq. This species is parapatric or slightly sympatric with V. wagneri in the Aras river valley, Kars Province, eastern Turkey. The type locality is listed as "Kasikoparan in Armenien." According to Nilson and Andrén (1986), Kasikoparan, Armenia (40°02'N, 43°26'E)] is now part of Turkey (Kazikkiran [Kazikkoparan]), Tuzluca, Kars Province, northeastern Anatolia).^[1]

Conservation status[edit]

This species is classified as Lower Risk with a subcategory of least concern (LR/lc) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v2.3, 1994). This indicates that it has been evaluated, but that it does not satisfy the criteria for any of the categories Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable. Also, it does not qualify for Conservation Dependent or Near Threatened either. Year assessed: 1996.^[4]^[5]

It is also listed as a protected species (Appendix III) under the Berne Convention.^[6]

Taxonomy[edit]

This species is apparently closely related to V. albicornuta and V. latifii; together they form the Vipera raddei group or complex.^[1]

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
↑ Vipera raddei (TSN 635000) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 3 July 2007.
↑ Vipera raddei at IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
↑ 1994 Categories & Criteria (version 2.3)IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
↑ Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Appendix III at Council of Europe. Accessed 9 October 2006.

[McD99-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).

[Mal03-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.

[ITIS-3] Vipera raddei (TSN 635000) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 3 July 2007.

[ICUN-EN-4] Vipera raddei at IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.

[IUCN-23-5] 1994 Categories & Criteria (version 2.3)IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.

[COE-6] Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Appendix III at Council of Europe. Accessed 9 October 2006.

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