100 (number)

100 or one hundred (Roman numeral: Ⅽ)^[1] is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101.

In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the English and Germanic use of "hundred" to describe the long hundred of six score or 120.

In mathematics

100 is the square of 10 (in scientific notation it is written as 10²). The standard SI prefix for a hundred is "hecto-".

100 is the basis of percentages (per cent meaning "per hundred" in Latin), with 100% being a full amount.

100 is the sum of the first nine prime numbers, as well as the sum of some pairs of prime numbers e.g., 3 + 97, 11 + 89, 17 + 83, 29 + 71, 41 + 59, and 47 + 53.

100 is the sum of the cubes of the first four integers (100 = 1³ + 2³ + 3³ + 4³). This is related by Nicomachus's theorem to the fact that 100 also equals the square of the sum of the first four integers: 100 = 10² = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4)².^[2]

2⁶ + 6² = 100, thus 100 is a Leyland number.^[3]

100 is an 18-gonal number.^[4] It is divisible by 25, the number of primes below it. It can not be expressed as the difference between any integer and the total of coprimes below it, making it a noncototient. It can be expressed as a sum of some of its divisors, making it a semiperfect number.

100 is a Harshad number in base 10,^[5] and also in base 4, and in that base it is a self-descriptive number.

There are exactly 100 prime numbers whose digits are in strictly ascending order (e.g. 239, 2357 etc.).

100 is the smallest number whose common logarithm is a prime number (i.e. 10ⁿ for which n is prime).

In science

One hundred is the atomic number of fermium, an actinide and the first of the heavy metals that cannot be created through neutron bombardment.

On the Celsius scale, 100 degrees is the boiling temperature of pure water at sea level.

The Kármán line lies at an altitude of 100 kilometres above the Earth's sea level and is commonly used to define the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space.

In religion

• There are 100 blasts of the Shofar heard in the service of Rosh Hashana, the Jewish New Year.^[6]
• A religious Jew is expected to utter at least 100 blessings daily.^[7]
• In the Hindu book of the Mahabharata, the king Dhritarashtra had 100 sons known as the Kauravas.

In politics

The United States Senate has 100 Senators.

In money

Most of the world's currencies are divided into 100 subunits; for example, one euro is one hundred cents and one pound sterling is one hundred pence.

The 100 Euro banknotes feature a picture of a Rococo gateway on the obverse and a Baroque bridge on the reverse.

The U.S. hundred-dollar bill has Benjamin Franklin's portrait; the "Benjamin" is the largest U.S. bill in print. American savings bonds of $100 have Thomas Jefferson's portrait, while American $100 treasury bonds have Andrew Jackson's portrait.

The U.S. hundred-dollar bill, Series 2009.

In other fields

One hundred is also:

• The number of years in a century.
• The number of pounds in an American short hundredweight.
• In Greece, India , Israel and Nepal, 100 is the police telephone number.
• In Belgium, 100 is the ambulance and firefighter telephone number.
• In United Kingdom , 100 is the operator telephone number.
• The HTTP status code indicating that the client should continue with its request.
• The 100 (TV series)
• The age at which a person becomes a centenarian.

In sports

• The number of yards in an American football field (not including the end zones).^[8]
• The number of runs required for a cricket batsman to score a century, a significant milestone.^[9][10]
• The number of points required for a snooker player to score a century break, a significant milestone.
• The record number of points scored in one NBA game by a single player, set by Wilt Chamberlain of the Philadelphia Warriors on March 2, 1962.^[11]

See also

• 1 vs. 100
• AFI's 100 Years...
• Hundred (division)
• Hundred (word)
• Hundred Days
• Hundred Years' War
• List of highways numbered 100
• Top 100
• Greatest 100

References

• Wells, D. The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133

External links

• On the Number 100

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