Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle

Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle

ASLV liftoff
Function	Small-lift launch vehicle
Manufacturer	ISRO
Country of origin	India
Size
Height	23.5 m (77 ft)
Diameter	1 m (3 ft 3 in)
Mass	41,000 kg (90,000 lb)
Capacity
Payload to 400 km LEO	150 kg (330 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	SLV, PSLV
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Total launches	4
Successes	1
Failures	2
Partial failures	1
First flight	24 March 1987
Last flight	4 May 1994
Notable payloads	SROSS
First stage
Engines	2 solid
Thrust	502.6 kN (113,000 lbf) each
Specific impulse	253 seconds (2.48 km/s)
Burn time	49 seconds
Fuel	Solid
Second stage
Engines	1 solid
Thrust	702.6 kN (158,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	259 seconds (2.54 km/s)
Burn time	45 seconds
Fuel	Solid
Third stage
Engines	1 solid
Thrust	304 kN (68,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	276 seconds (2.71 km/s)
Burn time	36 seconds
Fuel	Solid
Fourth stage
Engines	1 solid
Thrust	90.7 kN (20,400 lbf)
Specific impulse	277 seconds (2.72 km/s)
Burn time	45 seconds
Fuel	Solid
Fifth stage
Engines	1 solid
Thrust	35 kN (7,900 lbf)
Specific impulse	281 seconds (2.76 km/s)
Burn time	33 seconds
Fuel	Solid

The Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle or Advanced Satellite Launch Vehicle (also known as ASLV) was a small-lift launch vehicle five-stage solid-fuel rocket developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to place 150 kg satellites into LEO.^[1] This project was started by India during the early 1980s to develop technologies needed for a payload to be placed into a geostationary orbit.^[2][3] Its design was based on Satellite Launch Vehicle.^[4] ISRO did not have sufficient funds for both the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle programme and the ASLV programme at the same time and the ASLV programme was terminated after the initial developmental flights.^[2] The payloads of ASLV were Stretched Rohini Satellites.^[4]

Vehicle

The ASLV was a five-stage vehicle. Two strap-on boosters acted as a first stage, with the core stage igniting after booster burn out. The payload capacity of the ASLV was approximately 150 kg (330 lb) to an orbit of 400 km (250 mi) with a 47-degree inclination.^[4]

At liftoff, the ASLV generated 909.9 kN (204,500 lbf) of thrust. It was a 41,000-kilogram (90,000 lb) rocket, measuring 23.5 metres (77 ft) in length with a core diameter of one metre (3 ft 3 in).^[4] The height to diameter ratio of ASLV was very large which resulted in the vehicle being unstable in flight. This was compounded by the fact that many of the critical events during a launch like the core ignition and the booster separation happened at the Tropopause where the dynamic loads on the launcher was at the maximum.^[5]

History

The ASLV made four launches, of which one was successful, two failed to achieve orbit, and a third achieved a lower than planned orbit which decayed quickly. The type made its maiden flight on 24 March 1987, and its final flight on 4 May 1994.

Launch history

All four ASLV launches occurred from the ASLV Launch Pad at the Sriharikota Range. For vertically integrated ASLV, many SLV-3 ground facilities were reused but a new launch pad with retractable Mobile Service Structure was constructed within the same launch complex.^[6]

Launch statistics

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Decade-wise summary of ASLV launches

See also

• Comparison of orbital launchers families

References

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