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Comparison of orbital rocket engines

Topic: Astronomy

 From HandWiki - Reading time: 20 min
Short description: none

This page is an incomplete list of orbital rocket engine data and specifications.

Current, upcoming, and in-development rocket engines

Engine Origin Designer Vehicle Status Use Propellant Power cycle Specific impulse (s)[lower-alpha 1] Thrust (N)[lower-alpha 1] Chamber pressure (bar) Mass (kg) Thrust:​weight ratio[lower-alpha 2] Oxidizer:​fuel ratio
Aeon-R  USA Relativity Space Terran R Development 1st, 2nd CH4 / LOX Gas generator 1,147,000
AJ10-190  USA Aerojet Space Shuttle, Orion, Apollo CSM Active Upper N2O4 / MMH Pressure-fed 316[1] 26,689[1] 8.62[1] 118[1] 23.08
Aquila SL  Germany Isar Aerospace Spectrum Development 1st C3H8 / LOX Gas generator[2] 75,000
Aquila VAC  Germany Isar Aerospace Spectrum Development 2nd C3H8 / LOX Gas generator[2] 94,000
Archimedes  New Zealand  USA Rocket Lab Neutron Development 1st, 2nd CH4 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 730,000
BE-3U  USA Blue Origin New Glenn Active 2nd LH2 / LOX Expander, open 445[3] 941,500[4] >90[4]
BE-4  USA Blue Origin New Glenn, Vulcan Active[5] 1st CH4 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 340[3] 2,846,900[6] 138[3]
BE-7  USA Blue Origin Blue Moon Development 1st LH2 / LOX Expander, open 44,500[7] 5.5-7.1[7]
CE-20  India LPSC GSLV Mk III Active Upper LH2 / LOX Gas generator 434 196,500 60.00 588 34.1 5.05
CE-7.5  India LPSC GSLV Mk II Active Upper LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 454[8] 73,500 58 445 16.85
E2  USA ABL Space Systems RS1 Active 1st RP-1 / LOX // Jet-A / LOX Gas generator 53,800[9] 64
E2 Vacuum  USA ABL Space Systems RS1 Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX // Jet-A / LOX Gas generator 57,800[9]
Engine-2  USA Vast TBA Development 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 327[10]
290 (SL) 		100,000[10] 100 2.62
Engine-2 Vacuum  USA Vast TBA Development 2nd RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 365[10] 100,000[10] 2.62
GEM 63  USA Northrop Grumman Atlas V Active Booster HTPB Solid fuel 279.06[11] 1,662,745[12] 49,300 with fuel
GEM 63XL  USA Northrop Grumman Vulcan Active Booster HTPB Solid fuel 280.3[13] 2,025,720[12] 53,400 with fuel
Hadley  USA Ursa Major Technologies Rocket 4 Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 22,241 (SL)[14] 62
Helix  Germany Rocket Factory Augsburg RFA One Development 1st, 2nd RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 350,
325 (SL)[15] 		100,000[15] 100[16]
HyPER-15[17]  South Korea Innospace Hanbit-Nano, -Micro, -Mini Development 1st Paraffin / LOX Electric pump 292 150,000[18]
LE-5B-3  Japan Mitsubishi, JAXA H-3 Active Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, open 447[19] 137,000 36.0 269 51.93 5
LE-9  Japan Mitsubishi, JAXA H-3 Active 1st LH2 / LOX Expander, open 425[20] 1,471,000 100 2,400 62.5 5.9
Lightning 1  USA Firefly Aerospace Alpha Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX Combustion tap-off 322[21] 70,100[21]
M10  Europe Avio Vega-E[22] Development Upper[22] CH4 / LOX[22] Expander, closed 362[22] 98,000[22] 3.4[22]
Merlin 1D FT  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 B5, Heavy Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 311 914,000[23]
845,000 (SL)[23] 		108.0[24] 470 194.5[23]
Merlin Vacuum 1D  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 B5, Heavy Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 348[25] 981,000[26] 2.36
Miranda  USA Firefly Aerospace Antares 300 Series,
MLV 		Development 1st RP-1 / LOX Combustion tap-off 305[27] 1,023,000[27]
NK-33A (AJ26-62),
11Д111 / 14Д15 		 Soviet Union JSC Kuznetsov Antares 100, Soyuz-2-1v Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 331[28]
297 (SL) 		1,680,000
1,510,000 (SL) 		145 1,222 136.8
P120  Italy  France Avio Ariane 6,
Vega-C 		Active Booster, 1st HTPB Solid fuel 279[29] 4,650,000[29] 105 153,000 with fuel[29]
Raptor[30]  USA SpaceX Starship Development 1st, 2nd CH4 / LOX Staged, full-flow 350[31]
327 (SL)[32] 		2,750,000 (SL)[31] 350[33] 1,525[31] 184[31] 3.6[34]
Raptor Vacuum[30]  USA SpaceX Starship Development 2nd CH4 / LOX Staged, full-flow 380 est.[35] >2,750,000[31] 350[33] >1,525[31] <184[31] 3.6[34]
RD-0124,
14Д23 		 Russia KBKhA Soyuz-2.1b,
Soyuz-2-1v,
Angara 		Active 2nd, 3rd RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 359[36] 294,300 160 520 57.7
RD-0146D  Russia KBKhA Angara Development Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, closed 470[37] 68,600 59
RD-107A,
14Д22 		 Russia NPO Energomash Soyuz-FG, -2 Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 320.2[38]
263.3 (SL) 		1,019,892
839,449 (SL) 		61.2 1,090 78.53
RD-108A,
14Д21 		 Russia NPO Energomash Soyuz-FG, -2 Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 320.6[38]
257.7 (SL) 		921,825
792,377 (SL) 		55.5 1,075 75.16
RD-171M,[lower-alpha 3] 11Д520  Russia NPO Energomash Soyuz-5, Zenit-2M, -3SL, -3SLB, -3SLBF Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 337.2[39]
309.5 (SL) 		7,904,160
7,256,921 (SL) 		250 9,300 79.57
RD-180  Russia NPO Energomash Atlas V, III Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 338.4[40]
311.9 (SL) 		4,152,136
3,826,555 (SL) 		261.7 5,480 71.2 2.72
RD-191  Russia NPO Energomash Angara Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 337.5[41]
311.2 (SL) 		2,084,894
1,922,103 (SL) 		262.6 2,200 89.09
RD-276,
14Д14М 		 Russia NPO Energomash Proton-M Active 1st N2O4 / UDMH Staged, oxidizer-rich 315.8[42]
288 (SL) 		1,831,882
1,671,053 (SL) 		168.5 1,120 171.2
RD-801  Ukraine Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Mayak Development 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 336[43]
300.7 (SL) 		1,339,255
1,198,608 (SL) 		180 1,630 2.65
RD-809K  Ukraine Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Mayak Development Upper RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 352[43] 98,067 330 2.62
RD-810  Ukraine Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Mayak, Zenit Development 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 335.5[44]
299 (SL) 		2,104,890
1,876,149 (SL) 		180 2,800 2.65
RD-861K  Ukraine Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Cyclone-4M Development 2nd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 330[45] 77,629 207 2.41
RD-870  Ukraine Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Cyclone-4M Development 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 340[46]
301.5 (SL) 		876,715
777,667 (SL) 		1,353 2.684
Reaver 1  USA Firefly Aerospace Alpha Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Combustion tap-off 265 (SL)

295.6[21]

184,000[21] 75
RL10A-4-2[47]  USA Aerojet Rocketdyne Atlas IIIB, V Retired Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, closed 451 99,195 42 168 60.27 5.5
RL10B-2[47]  USA Aerojet Rocketdyne Delta III, IV, SLS Active Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, closed 465.5 110,093 44 301 37.27 5.88
RL10C-1[47]  USA Aerojet Rocketdyne Delta III, IV, SLS, Vulcan Active Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, closed 450 101,820 44 191 54.5 5.5
RS-25  USA Rocketdyne Space Shuttle, SLS Active 1st LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 452.3
366 (SL) 		2,279,000
1,860,000 (SL)[48] 		206.4 3,526 53.79
RS-88 LAE  USA Rocketdyne Boeing Starliner Active Upper MMH / NTO Gas generator 176,600 (SL)
Rutherford  New Zealand  USA Rocket Lab Electron Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Electric pump 311 24,900
25,000 (SL) 		55 35[49] 72.8 (SL)
Rutherford Vacuum  New Zealand  USA Rocket Lab Electron Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX Electric pump 343 25,800[49]
S139  India SDSC PSLV Active 1st HTPB Solid fuel 269[50] 4,860,000 58 160,200
with fuel
S200  India SDSC GSLV Mk III Active Booster HTPB Solid fuel 274.5[51] 5,150,000[52][53][54] 207,000
with fuel[51]
SCE-200  India LPSC GSLV Mk III, ULV Development Upper, main RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 335
299 (SL) 		2,030,000
1,820,000 (SL) 		180 2,700
Sirius  Australia Gilmour Space Eris Development Booster Hybrid 150,000
SLS Solid Rocket Booster[lower-alpha 4]  USA Orbital ATK SLS Active Booster PBAN Solid fuel 267 16,000,000 730,000
with fuel
SLV-1  India Godrej & Boyce PSLV Active Booster HTPB Solid fuel 253[55] 502,600 43 10,800
with fuel
SRB-A3  Japan IHI Aerospace,
JAXA 		H-IIA,
H-IIB,
Epsilon 		Active Booster HTPB Solid fuel 283.6[56] 2,305,000
2,150,000 (SL) 		111 76,600
with fuel
TEPREL-B  Spain PLD Space Miura 1 Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Pressure-fed 30,200 (SL)
TEPREL-C  Spain PLD Space Miura 5 Development 1st, 2nd RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 190,000 (SL)
TQ-12[57]  China Landspace ZQ-2 Active 1st CH4 / LOX Gas generator 284 667,000 (SL) 101
Vikas (rocket engine)  India LPSC PSLV, GSLV, GSLV Mk III Active 2nd, main, booster N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 262 680,500–804,500
600,500–756,500 (SL) 		53.0–58.5
Vinci  Europe Snecma Ariane 6 Active Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, closed[58] 457[59] 180,000 60 280 65.60 6.1
Vulcain 2.1  Europe Snecma Ariane 6 Active 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 1,324,000 120.8 2,000 66.2
YF-21B  China AALPT Long March 2E, 2F, 3 Active Booster, 1st N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 260.66 (SL)[60] 740,400 (SL)[60]
YF-21C  China AALPT Long March 2C, 2D, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4B, 4C Active 1st N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 260.7 (SL)[60] 740,400 (SL)[60]
YF-22B  China AALPT Long March 2E, 2F Active 2nd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 298.0[60] 738,400
YF-22C  China AALPT Long March 2C, 2D, 4B, 4C Active 2nd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 298.0[60] 742,040
YF-22D  China AALPT Long March 3 Active 2nd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 298.0[60] 741,400
YF-22E  China AALPT Long March 3A, 3B, 3C Active 2nd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 298.0[60] 741,400
YF-25  China AALPT Long March 3B, 3C Active Booster N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 260.66 (SL)[60] 740,400 (SL)[60]
YF-40  China AALPT Long March 4B, 4C Active 3rd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 303 103,000
YF-50D  China AALPT Long March 3B, 3C, 5, 7 Active Upper N2O4 / UDMH Pressure-fed 315.5 6,500
YF-73  China AALPT Long March 3 Active 3rd LH2 / LOX Gas generator 420.0 44,150
YF-75  China AALPT Long March 3A, 3B, 3C Active 3rd LH2 / LOX Gas generator 438.0[60] 78,450
YF-75D  China AALPT Long March 5 Active 2nd LH2 / LOX Expander, closed 442.6 88,360 41 265 34 6.0
YF-77  China AALPT Long March 5 Active 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 428
316.7 (SL) 		700,000
518,000 (SL) 		102 1,054 50 5.5
YF-79  China AALPT Long March 9 Development 3rd LH2 / LOX Expander, closed 455.2 250,000 70 6.0
YF-90[61]  China AALPT Long March 9 Development 2nd LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 453 2,200,000 183 4,800 46.74 6.0
YF-100  China AALPT Long March 7, 5 Active 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 335.1
300(SL) 		1,339,480
1,199,190 (SL) 		180 1,912 64 2.6
YF-115  China AALPT Long March 6, 7 Active 2nd RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 341.5 182,400 120 2.5
YF-130  China AALPT Long March 9 Development 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 308 (SL) ~5,000,000 (SL) 220 ~6,500 78 2.62
Zefiro 9A  Italy Avio Vega-C Active 3rd HTPB Solid fuel 295.2[62] 314,000[62] 75 11,400 with fuel
Zefiro 40  Italy Avio Vega-C Active 3rd HTPB Solid fuel 293.5[63] 1,304,000[63] 115 39,206 with fuel
Zenith  USA Stoke Nova Development 1st CH4 / LOX Staged, full-flow ~345 [64] >444,822[64]

Retired and cancelled rocket engines

Engine Origin Designer Vehicle Status Use Propellant Power cycle Specific impulse (s)[lower-alpha 1] Thrust (N)[lower-alpha 1] Chamber pressure (bar) Mass (kg) Thrust:​weight ratio[lower-alpha 2] Oxidizer:​fuel ratio
Aeon 1  USA Relativity Space Terran 1 Retired 1st CH4 / LOX Gas generator 310 86,740 (SL)[65]
Aeon 1 Vacuum  USA Relativity Space Terran 1 Retired 2nd CH4 / LOX Gas generator 360 100,085 (SL)[65]
Aestus  Germany Airbus Defence and Space Ariane 5 G, G+, ES Retired Upper N2O4 / MMH Pressure-fed 324[66] 30,000 11 111 27.6 1.9
Aestus II / RS-72  Germany  USA Airbus Defence and Space, Rocketdyne Ariane 5 Retired Upper N2O4 / MMH Gas generator 340[67] 55,400 60 138 41.0 1.9
Aether  USA Astra Space Rocket 3.3 Retired 2nd RP-1 / LOX[68] Pressure-fed 3,300[69]
AJ-60A  USA Aerojet Atlas V Retired Booster HTPB Solid fuel 275 1,270,000[70]
AJ-260-2  USA Aerojet S-I stage replacement (proposed) Tested, cancelled 1st PBAN Solid fuel 263 26,183,755 831,345 with fuel
AR1  USA Aerojet Rocketdyne Cancelled 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 2,200,000 (SL)[71] 2.72
Common Rocket Propulsion Unit  Germany OTRAG OTRAG Tested, cancelled 1st and upper N2O4 / Aerozine 50 297 29,960 150
1,500 with fuel
Delphin  USA Astra Space Rocket 3.3 Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX[68] Electric pump 29,000[69] 31
F-1[lower-alpha 5]  USA Rocketdyne Saturn V Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 304
263 (SL) 		7,770,000
6,770,000 (SL) 		70 8,391 82.27 2.27
F-1A[lower-alpha 6][72]  USA Rocketdyne Saturn MLV Cancelled 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 303
270 (SL) 		8,989,000
8,007,000 (SL) 		80 9,015 90.6 2.27
Gamma 2  United Kingdom Bristol Siddeley Black Arrow Retired 2nd RP-1 / H2O2 Gas generator 265[73] 68,200 173 40.22 8
Gamma 8  United Kingdom Bristol Siddeley Black Arrow Retired 1st RP-1 / H2O2 Gas generator 265[74] 234,800 47.40 342 70.01 8
HM7A  France Snecma Ariane 1 Retired 3rd LH2 / LOX Gas generator 443[75]
308 (SL) 		61,700 30 149 42.2 5
HM7B  France Snecma Ariane 2, 3, 4, 5 ECA Retired Upper LH2 / LOX Gas generator 446[76]
310 (SL)[77] 		64,800[76]
43,600 (SL)[77] 		37[76] 165[76] 43.25 5
J-2  USA Rocketdyne Saturn V, IB Retired 2nd, 3rd LH2 / LOX Gas generator 421[78]
200 (SL) 		1,033,100
486,200 (SL) 		52.6 1,438 73.18 5.5
J-2X  USA Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Ares I, Ares V, SLS (proposed) Tested, cancelled Upper LH2 / LOX Gas generator 448[79] 1,310,000 95 2,470 58.41 5.5–4.5
Kestrel  USA SpaceX Falcon 1 Retired Upper RP-1 / LOX Pressure-fed 317 31,000 9.3 52 65
Kiwi B  USA LANL Tested, retired Upper Liquid Hydrogen 834 245,000 34
LE-5  Japan Mitsubishi, NASDA H-I Retired Upper LH2 / LOX Gas generator 450[80] 103,000 36.0 245 42.87 5.5
LE-5A  Japan Mitsubishi, NASDA H-II Retired Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, open 452[81] 121,500 40.0 242 51.19 5
LE-5B  Japan Mitsubishi, JAXA H-IIA,
H-IIB 		Active Upper LH2 / LOX Expander, open 447[19] 137,000 36.0 269 51.93 5
LE-7  Japan Mitsubishi, NASDA H-II Retired 1st LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 446[82] 1,078,000
843,500 (SL) 		127 1,714 64.13 5.9
LE-7A  Japan Mitsubishi, JAXA H-IIA,
H-IIB 		Active 1st LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 438[83]
338 (SL)[83] 		1,098,000
870,000 (SL) 		120 1,800 65.9 5.9
M-1[lower-alpha 7]  USA Aerojet Cancelled 1st, 2nd? LH2 / LOX Gas generator 428 (SL) 6,670,000 9,068 60
Merlin 1C  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 v1.0 Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 311[84]
282 (SL)[84] 		723,000 97 470 158 2.34
Merlin Vacuum 1C  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 v1.0 Retired 2nd RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 336[85] 413,644[85] 92
NERVA  USA LANL Tested, retired Upper Liquid Hydrogen 841
710 (SL) 		246,663 18,144
NewtonThree  USA Virgin Orbit LauncherOne Retired Booster RP-1 / LOX Gas generator[86] 266,893[87] 70
NewtonFour  USA Virgin Orbit LauncherOne Retired 2nd RP-1 / LOX Gas generator[86] 22,241[87]
P80  Italy  France Avio Vega Retired 1st HTPB Solid fuel 280[88] 3,015,000[88] 88 96,000 with fuel
P230  Europe Avio Ariane 5 Retired Booster HTPB Solid fuel 286[89]
259 (SL) 		6,996,000
5,860,000 (SL) 		69 269,000 with fuel[89]
RD-0120
11Д122 		 Soviet Union KBKhA Energia Retired 1st LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 455[90] 1,962,000
1,526,000 (SL) 		219 3,450 57.80
RD-0410
11Б91 		 Soviet Union KBKhA Cancelled Upper Liquid Hydrogen 910 35,200 2,000
RD-8,
11D513 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Zenit Retired 2nd vernier RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 342 78,450 77.47 356 2.4
RD-56 (KVD-1)
11Д56У 		 Russia KBKhM GSLV Mk I Retired Upper LH2 / LOX Staged, fuel-rich 462[91] 69,626 55.9 282 25.17
RD-117
11Д511 		 Soviet Union NPO Energomash Soyuz-U Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 316[92]
253 (SL) 		978,000
778,648 (SL) 		54.2 1,100 72.18
RD-118
11Д512 		 Soviet Union NPO Energomash Soyuz-U Retired 2nd RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 314[92]
257 (SL) 		1,000,278
818,855 (SL) 		59.7 1,100 75.91
RD-170[lower-alpha 8]11Д521[93]  Soviet Union NPO Energomash Energia Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 337.2
309.5 (SL) 		7,904,160
7,256,921 (SL) 		250 9,300 79.57
RD-181  Russia NPO Energomash Antares 200 Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 339.2[94]
311.9 (SL) 		2,085,000
1,922,000 (SL) 		262.6 2,200 89
RD-193  Russia NPO Energomash Soyuz-2-1v Cancelled 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer-rich 337.5[95]
311.2 (SL) 		2,084,894
1,922,103 (SL) 		1,900 103.15
RD-264
11Д119 		 Soviet Union NPO Energomash Dnepr Retired 1st N2O4 / UDMH Staged, oxidizer-rich 318[96]
293 (SL) 		4,521,000 206 3,600 128.15
RD-270[lower-alpha 6]
8Д420 		 Soviet Union NPO Energomash UR-700 (proposed), UR-900 (proposed) Tested, cancelled 1st N2O4 / UDMH Staged, full-flow 322[97]
301 (SL) 		6,710,000
6,270,000 (SL) 		261 3,370 189.91
RD-275
14Д14 		 Russia NPO Energomash Proton-M Retired 1st N2O4 / UDMH Staged, oxidizer-rich 316[98]
287 (SL) 		1,831,882
1,671,053 (SL) 		160.0 1,070 171.2
RD-843  Ukraine Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Vega Retired Upper N2O4 / UDMH Pressure-fed 315.5 2,452 20.4 15.93 2.0
RD-854
8D612 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash R-36ORB Retired 3rd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 317 78,710 88.8 123
RD-855
8D68M 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Tsyklon-2, -3, R-36 Retired 1st vernier N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 292
254 (SL) 		328,000
285,400 (SL) 		65.70 320 1.97
RD-856
8D69M 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Tsyklon-2, -3 (-4), R-36 Retired 2nd vernier N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 280.5 54,230 71.60 112.5 1.98
RD-861
11D25 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash Tsyklon-2, -3 Retired 3rd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 317 78,710 88.8 123 2.1
RD-864
15D177 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash R-36 (missile), Dnipro Retired 3rd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 298–309 8,450–20,200 17–41 199 1.8
RD-869
15D300 		 Soviet Union Pivdenne/​Pivdenmash R-36M Retired 3rd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 302.3–313 8,580–20,470 17–41 196 1.8
RS-2200  USA Rocketdyne VentureStar Tested, cancelled 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 455
347 (SL) 		2,201,000
1,917,000 (SL) 		155 83
RS-27A  USA Rocketdyne Delta Retired 1st RP-1 / LOX Gas generator 302[99]
255 (SL) 		1,054,200 49 1,091 102.5 2.245
RS-68A[lower-alpha 9]  USA Rocketdyne Delta IV, IV Heavy Retired 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 411[100]
362 (SL) 		3,558,577
3,135,996 (SL) 		109 6,686 54.31 5.97
RS-83  USA Rocketdyne Cancelled 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 446 3,300,000 6,686
RS-84  USA Rocketdyne Cancelled 1st RP-1 / LOX Staged, oxidizer rich[101] 324
305 (SL) 		5,036,000
4,732,000 (SL) 		177 6,783
Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster[lower-alpha 10]  USA Thiokol Space Shuttle, Ares I Retired Booster PBAN / APCP Solid fuel 268 14,000,000
12,500,000 (SL) 		590,000
with fuel
Sea Dragon first stage engine  USA Aerojet Sea Dragon Cancelled 1st RP-1 / LOX 242 355,800,000
Sea Dragon second stage engine  USA Aerojet Sea Dragon Cancelled 2nd LH2 / LOX 409 62,800,000
Sea Dragon vernier engine  USA Aerojet Sea Dragon Cancelled 2nd vernier LH2 / LOX 236,600
SRB-A  Japan IHI Aerospace, JAXA H-IIA Retired Booster HTPB Solid fuel 280[102] 2,250,000 76,400 with fuel
TR-106  USA TRW Tested, cancelled 1st LH2 / LOX 2,892,000 (SL)
TR-107  USA Northrop Grumman Cancelled 1st RP-1 / LOX 4,900,000 (SL) 177
TR-201  USA TRW Delta-P Retired 2nd N2O4 / Aerozine 50 Presssure-fed 301 41,900 6.9 113 31.4
UA1207  USA United Technologies Titan IV Retired Booster PBAN Solid fuel 272[103]
245 (SL) 		7,116,000
6,410,400 (SL) 		319,330
with fuel
Viking 2  France Snecma Ariane 1 Retired 1st N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 690,000
611,200 (SL) 		776 90.67
Viking 2B  France Snecma Ariane 2, 3 Retired 1st N2O4 / UH 25 Gas generator 643,000 (SL) 776 84.5
Viking 4  France Snecma Ariane 1 Retired 2nd N2O4 / UDMH Gas generator 713,000 826 88
Viking 4B  France Snecma Ariane 2, 3, 4 Retired 2nd N2O4 / UH 25 Gas generator 800,000 826 98.76
Viking 5C  France Snecma Ariane 4 Retired 1st N2O4 / UH 25 Gas generator 758,000
678,000 (SL) 		826 93.57
Viking 6  France Snecma Ariane 4 Retired Booster N2O4 / UH 25 Gas generator 750,000 826 92.59
Vulcain
HM-60 		 Europe Snecma Ariane 5 Retired 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 439[104]
326 (SL)[105] 		1,113,000[104]
773,200 (SL)[105] 		109[104] 1,300[105] 84.38
Vulcain 2  Europe Snecma Ariane 5 Retired 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 429[106]
318 (SL)[107] 		1,359,000[106]
939,500 (SL)[107] 		117.3[106] 1,800[106] 77.04
VTR-10  USA TRW Apollo LM Retired Upper N2O4 / Aerozine 50 Presssure-fed 311 47,000 7.68 179
Waxwing  United Kingdom Bristol Aerojet Black Arrow Retired Upper Solid fuel 278[108]
245 (SL) 		29,400
25,900 (SL) 		87 34.48
XRS-2200  USA Rocketdyne X-33 Tested, cancelled 1st LH2 / LOX Gas generator 439
339 (SL) 		1,184,000
909,000 (SL) 		58
Zefiro 23  Italy Avio Vega Retired 2nd HTPB Solid fuel 287.5[109] 1,122,000[109] 94 25,935 with fuel

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 At sea level if denoted SL, in vacuum otherwise
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Weight is calculated at standard gravity.
  3. ↑ Most powerful multi-chamber rocket engine in the world
  4. ↑ Largest, most powerful solid-fuel rocket motor ever built
  5. ↑ Most powerful single-chamber liquid-fueled rocket engine ever developed
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Tested but never flown
  7. ↑ Most powerful Hydrogen-fueled engine ever conceived
  8. ↑ World's most powerful liquid fueled rocket engine
  9. ↑ Most powerful hydrogen-fueled engine ever flown
  10. ↑ Largest solid-fuel rocket motor ever flown, and the first to be used for primary propulsion on human spaceflight missions

References

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  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Parsonson, Andrew (2022-09-22). "Everything you need to know about Isar Aerospace" (in en-US). https://europeanspaceflight.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-isar-aerospace/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "First Look Inside Blue Origin's New Glenn Factory w/ Jeff Bezos!". August 15, 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rsuqSn7ifpU. 
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  6. ↑ Limp, Dave (November 21, 2025). "Dave Limp on X". https://x.com/davill/status/1991538235609326013. <
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