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Gliese 86

Topic: Astronomy

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Short description: Binary star system in the constellation Eridanus
Gliese 86
Observation data
{{#ifeq:J2000.0|J2000.0 (ICRS)|Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)| Epoch J2000.0      [[Astronomy:Equinox (celestial coordinates)|Equinox J2000.0}}
Constellation Eridanus[1]
Gliese 86 A
Right ascension  02h 10m 25.9191s[2]
Declination −50° 49′ 25.467″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.17[3]
Gliese 86 B
Right ascension  02h 10m 26s[citation needed]
Declination −50° 49′ 2″[citation needed]
Apparent magnitude (V) 14.0[4]
Characteristics
Spectral type K1V[5] + DQ6[6][7]
U−B color index 0.45
B−V color index 0.812[8]
V−R color index 0.45
R−I color index 0.40
Astrometry
A
Radial velocity (Rv)56.7[9] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 2,124.853±0.075[2] mas/yr
Dec.: 638.092±0.063[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)92.7042 ± 0.0454[2] mas
Distance35.18 ± 0.02 ly
(10.787 ± 0.005 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)5.95[10]
Orbit[6]
PrimaryGliese 86 A
CompanionGliese 86 B
Period (P)≈100 yr
Semi-major axis (a)23.7 au
Eccentricity (e)0.429
Inclination (i)126.44°
Longitude of the node (Ω)234.2°
Details
Gliese 86 A
Mass0.83±0.05[11] M☉
Radius0.79±0.03[11] R☉
Luminosity0.41[12] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.56±0.10[11] cgs
Temperature5,180±80[11] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.27±0.07[11] dex
Rotation30.0 days[13]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.0±1.0[11] km/s
Age10±1[11] Gyr
Gliese 86 B
Mass0.5425[6] M☉
Surface gravity (log g)8.00[14] cgs
Temperature8,180±120[7] K
Other designations
GJ 86, WDS J02104-5049
Gliese 86A: CD−51°532, HD 13445, HIP 10138, HR 637, SAO 232658[15]
Gliese 86B: WD 0208-510[16]
Database references
SIMBADdata
B
Exoplanet Archive13445 data
ARICNSdata
Extrasolar Planets
Encyclopaedia		data

Gliese 86 (13 G. Eridani, HD 13445) is a K-type main-sequence star 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. It has been confirmed that a white dwarf orbits the primary star. In 1998 the European Southern Observatory announced that an extrasolar planet was also orbiting the star.[17]

Stellar components

The primary companion (Gliese 86 A) is a K-type main-sequence star of spectral type K1V. The characteristics in comparison to the Sun are 83% the mass, 79% the radius, and 50% the luminosity. The star has a close-orbiting massive Jovian planet.

Gliese 86 B is a white dwarf located around 21 AU from the primary star, making the Gliese 86 system one of the tightest binaries known to host an extrasolar planet.[18] It was discovered in 2001 and initially suspected to be a brown dwarf,[19] but high contrast observations in 2005 suggested that the object is probably a white dwarf, as its spectrum does not exhibit molecular absorption features which are typical of brown dwarfs.[20] Assuming the white dwarf has a mass about half that of the Sun and that the linear trend observed in radial velocity measurements is due to Gliese 86 B, a plausible orbit for this star around Gliese 86 A has a semimajor axis of 18.42 AU and an eccentricity of 0.3974.[21] When both stars were on the main sequence, the separation between the two stars was closer, at around 9 AU.[6] More precise measurements for the white dwarf give it a mass of 55% the mass of the Sun[6] and a temperature of around 8200 K.[11]

Planetary system

The planet Gliese 86 b was discovered by the Swiss 1.2 m Leonhard Euler Telescope operated by the Geneva Observatory.[22] Such an object was formed from a protoplanetary disk that was truncated at 2 AU from the parent star.[6]

The radial velocity measurements of Gliese 86 show a linear trend once the motion due to this planet are taken out. This may be associated with the orbital motion of the white dwarf companion.

The Gliese 86 A planetary system[23]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥6.588±0.018 MJ 0.114340±0.000001 15.76480±0.00004 0.048±0.002 — —

See also

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 99 (617): 695. doi:10.1086/132034. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..695R  Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.  Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ C. Cincunegui; P. J. D. Mauas (2004). "Library of flux-calibrated echelle spectra of southern late-type dwarfs with different activity levels". Astronomy and Astrophysics 414 (2): 699–706. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031671. Bibcode: 2004A&A...414..699C. 
  4. ↑ Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, T. D.; Sion, E. M.; McCook, G. P. (2016). "The 25 parsec local white dwarf population". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 462 (3): 2295. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1357. Bibcode: 2016MNRAS.462.2295H. 
  5. ↑ Gray, R. O. et al. (July 2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample", The Astronomical Journal 132 (1): 161–170, doi:10.1086/504637, Bibcode: 2006AJ....132..161G. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Zeng, Yunlin; Brandt, Timothy D.; Li, Gongjie; Dupuy, Trent J.; Li, Yiting; Brandt, G. Mirek; Farihi, Jay; Horner, Jonathan et al. (2022). "The Gliese 86 Binary System: A Warm Jupiter Formed in a Disk Truncated at ≈2 au". The Astronomical Journal 164 (5): 188. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac8ff7. Bibcode: 2022AJ....164..188Z. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Open Exoplanet Catalogue, Gliese 86". http://www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com/planet/Gliese%2086%20b/. 
  8. ↑ van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V.  Vizier catalog entry
  9. ↑ Ramírez, I. et al. (February 2013), "Oxygen abundances in nearby FGK stars and the galactic chemical evolution of the local disk and halo", The Astrophysical Journal 764 (1): 78, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/764/1/78, Bibcode: 2013ApJ...764...78R. 
  10. ↑ Holmberg, J. et al. (July 2009), "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics", Astronomy and Astrophysics 501 (3): 941–947, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811191, Bibcode: 2009A&A...501..941H. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 Fuhrmann, K. et al. (2014). "On the Age of Gliese 86". The Astrophysical Journal 785 (1): 68. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/68. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...785...68F. 
  12. ↑ Reiners, Ansgar; Zechmeister, Mathias (2020). "Radial Velocity Photon Limits for the Dwarf Stars of Spectral Classes F-M". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 247 (1): 11. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab609f. Bibcode: 2020ApJS..247...11R. 
  13. ↑ Cruz Aguirre, Fernando; Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevin; Bourrier, Vincent (2023). "Disentangling Stellar and Airglow Emission Lines from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) Spectra". The Astrophysical Journal 946 (2): 98. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acad7d. Bibcode: 2023ApJ...946...98C. 
  14. ↑ Sion, Edward M.; Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, Terry D.; McCook, George P.; Wasatonic, Richard (2009). "The White Dwarfs within 20 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Statistics". The Astronomical Journal 138 (6): 1681. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1681. Bibcode: 2009AJ....138.1681S. 
  15. ↑ "HD 13445". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HD+13445. 
  16. ↑ "HD 13445B". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HD+13445B. 
  17. ↑ "Extrasolar Planet in Double Star System Discovered from La Silla" (Press release). Garching, Germany: European Southern Observatory. November 24, 1998. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
  18. ↑ Raghavan, Deepak et al. (2006). "Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems". The Astrophysical Journal 646 (1): 523–542. doi:10.1086/504823. Bibcode: 2006ApJ...646..523R. 
  19. ↑ Els, S. G. (2001). "A second substellar companion in the Gliese 86 system. A brown dwarf in an extrasolar planetary system". Astronomy and Astrophysics 370 (1): L1–L4. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010298. Bibcode: 2001A&A...370L...1E. 
  20. ↑ Mugrauer, M.; Neuhäuser, R. (2005). "Gl86B: a white dwarf orbits an exoplanet host star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 361 (1): L15–L19. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00055.x. Bibcode: 2005MNRAS.361L..15M. 
  21. ↑ Lagrange, A.-M. (2006). "New constrains on Gliese 86 B. VLT near infrared coronographic imaging survey of planetary hosts". Astronomy and Astrophysics 459 (3): 955–963. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054710. Bibcode: 2006A&A...459..955L. 
  22. ↑ "Southern Sky extrasolar Planet search Programme". http://obswww.unige.ch/~udry/planet/coralie.html. 
  23. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A. et al. (2020). "Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492 (1): 377–383. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3436. Bibcode: 2020MNRAS.492..377W. 

Coordinates: Sky map 02h 10m 14s, −50° 50′ 00″



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