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List of government space agencies

Topic: Astronomy

 From HandWiki - Reading time: 26 min
Short description: Overview of state-sponsored programs for flight beyond Earth


Government space agencies are established by governments of countries or regional groupings of countries to establish a means for advocating for and/or engaging in activities related to outer space, exploitation of space systems, and space exploration. The listings summarize all countries and regional authorities that have established space agencies. The listings established a comparative summary of demonstrated capabilities across the countries that have invested in the pursuit of space-based objectives.

Government space agency organizations are established with objectives that include national prestige, exploitation of remote sensing information, communications, education, and economic development. These agencies tend to be civil in nature (vs military) and serve to advance the benefits of exploitation and/or exploration of space. Government agencies span the spectrum from ancient organizations with small budgets to mature national or regional enterprises such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States, the European Space Agency (ESA) which coordinates for more than 20 constituent countries, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities (Roscosmos) of Russia, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and the China National Space Agency (CNSA).

The space agency listings are segregated to enable identification of subsets of the complete list that have advanced to higher levels or technical or programmatic proficiency in accordance with the following:

  • Establishment of agency, initial exploitation of space-based systems
  • Development of launch capability
  • Capacity for extraterrestrial exploration
  • Demonstration of human spaceflight capability across one or more of these domains

The four listings identify a technological progression in complexity and capacity that historically aligned to the developments that occurred during the 20th century space race between the United States and the Soviet Union. It is not intended to offer that this is the only path to advanced space faring status; variations and adaptations are expected and are likely to occur based on the technological capabilities that are available to today as opposed to 50 or more years ago. For each identified "Demonstrated capability" a reference is included to that program's first demonstration of the technical capacity or capability to meet the defined objective.

The fifth listing identifies countries that are considering or are developing space agency organizations but have not ratified formation or operation as of yet.

Note as well that the demonstrated capabilities represent the national (or regional) capacity to achieve the identified objective. These listings do not attempt to determine which programs were uniquely or solely funded by the space agency itself. For each listing, the short name or acronym identified is the English version, with the native language version below. The date of the founding of the space agency is the date of first operations where applicable. If the space agency is no longer running, then the date when it was terminated. Additionally, the strategic nature of many space programs result in cooperation between civil agency and military organizations to meet unique staff and technical proficiencies required to support space programs given the geographic expanse required to ensure successful operation.

List of space agencies

As of 2024, 74 different government space agencies are in existence, including 68 national space agencies and six international agencies. Initial competencies demonstrated include funding and nomination of a candidate to serve as astronaut, cosmonaut, or taikonaut with the countries/organizations executing human spaceflight solutions. Other demonstrated capabilities include operation of a satellite (e.g. a communications or remote sensing system) largely developed and/or delivered by a third party, domestic development of a satellite system, and capacity to recover a science payload from a sub-orbital or orbital mission. Seven space agencies (six national, one international) have demonstrated all four of those capabilities.

Overview of space agencies
Country Space agency Demonstrated capability
Name Acronym Founded First Astronaut Operates satellites Builds satellites Recoverable payloads capable
Template:Country data African Union African Space Agency AfSA 24 January 2023 No No No No
 Algeria Algerian Space Agency ASAL 2002[1] No Yes
(Alcomsat-1) 		Yes
(AlSAT-1) 		No
 Argentina Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales[2] CONAE 1961 (CNIE)
1991 (CONAE) 		No Yes
(Nahuel 1A) 		Yes
(ARSAT-1) 		No
 Australia Australian Space Agency[3] ASA 1986 (NSP)
2018 (ASA)[4][5] 		Yes
(Paul Scully-Power) 		Yes
(Aussat A1) 		Yes
(WRESAT) 		No
 Austria Austrian Space Agency[6][7] ALR 1972 Yes
(Franz Viehböck) 		No No No
 Azerbaijan Space Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos)[8] Azercosmos 2021 No Yes
(Azerspace-1) 		No No
 Bangladesh Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization[9] SPARRSO 1980 No Yes
(Bangabandhu-1) 		No No
 Belgium Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy[10] BIRA
IASB
BISA 		1964 Yes
(Dirk Frimout)		 No No No
 Brazil Brazilian Space Agency[11][12] AEB 1994 Yes
(Marcos Pontes)		 Yes
(Brasilsat A1)		 Yes
(Amazônia-1)		 No
 Bulgaria Bulgarian Space Agency[13] SRI-BAS
STIL-BAS 		1987 Yes
(Georgi Ivanov) 		Yes
(Bulgaria 1300) 		No No
 Canada Canadian Space Agency[14] CSA
ASC 		1989 Yes
(Marc Garneau) 		Yes
(Alouette 1) 		Yes
(Alouette 1) 		No
 Chile Chilean Space Agency CSA 2001 No Yes Yes No
 China China National Space Administration[15] CNSA 1993 Yes
(Yang Liwei) 		Yes Yes
(Dong Fang Hong 1) 		Yes
 Costa Rica Costa Rican Space Agency (Agencia Espacial Costarricense)[16] AEC 2021 No Yes
(Irazú) 		Yes
(Irazú) 		No
International
Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)
United Kingdom British National Space Centre (BNSC)
Canada Canadian Space Agency (CSA)
France Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES)
China China National Space Administration (CNSA)
Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR)
European Space Agency (ESA)
Brazil Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)
Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Russia Russian Federal Space Agency (RFSA)
 Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems[17] CCSDS 1982 No No No No
International
 Algeria
 Argentina
 Armenia
 Australia
 Austria
 Belgium
 Bulgaria
 Brazil
 Canada
 Chile
 China
 Taiwan
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Egypt
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 India
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Israel
 Italy
 Japan
 South Korea
 Mexico
 Netherlands
 Nigeria
 Norway
 Pakistan
 Poland
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal
 Romania
 Russia
 Slovakia
 South Africa
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 Thailand
 Turkey
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom
 United States
Template:Country data Caribbean Community
 Committee on Space Research[18][19][20] COSPAR 1958 No No No No
 Czech Republic Czech Space Office[21] CSO 2003[22] Yes
(Vladimír Remek)		 No No No
 Denmark Danish National Space Center[23] DNSC
DTU Space 		1968 (DSRI)
2005 (DNSC)		 Yes
(Andreas Mogensen)		 Yes
(Ørsted)		 No No
 Egypt Egyptian Space Agency[24][25] EGSA
NARSS[26]
EASRT-RSC 		2018
1994
1971–1994		 No Yes
(EgyptSat 1)		 No No
 El Salvador Instituto Aeroespacial de El Salvador(Esai)[27][28] ESAI 2021 No No No No
 Ethiopia Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute[29] ESSTI
 2016 No
 Yes
ETRSS-1		 Yes
ETRSS-1		 No
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 European Union
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Poland
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom
 European Space Agency[30][31] ESA
ASE
EWO 		1964 (ESRO/ELDO)
1975 (ESA) 		Yes
(Ulf Merbold) 		Yes
(Cos-B) 		Yes
(Cos-B) 		Yes
 European Union European Union Agency for the Space Programme[32] EUSPA 2004 (GSA)
2021 (EUSPA)		 No Yes No No
 France National Centre for Space Studies[33] CNES 1961 Yes
(Jean-Loup Chrétien)		 Yes
(Astérix)		 Yes
(Astérix)		 No
 Germany German Aerospace Center[34] DLR 1969 Yes
(Sigmund Jähn) 		Yes Yes
(Azur) 		No
 Ghana Ghana Space Science and Technology Centre[35] GSSTI
 2012 No
 No
 No No
 Greece Hellenic Space Centre
Ελληνικό Κέντρο Διαστήματος[36] 		HSC
ΕΛΚΕΔ 		2019 No Yes
(Hellas Sat 2)		 No No
 Hungary Hungarian Space Office MŰI
HSO 		1992 Yes
(Bertalan Farkas)
 Yes
(MaSat-1)		 No No
 India Indian Space Research Organisation[37][38][39] ISRO
इसरो 		1962 (INCOSPAR)
15th Aug 1969 (ISRO) 		Yes
(Rakesh Sharma) 		Yes
(Aryabhata) 		Yes
(Aryabhata) 		Yes
 Indonesia Indonesian Space Agency (Previously known as LAPAN)[40] INASA 1964 No Yes
(Palapa-A1) 		Yes
(Lapan-TUBsat) 		No
 Iran Iranian Space Agency ISA[41][42] 2004 Yes Yes
(Sina-1)		 Yes[43]
(Omid)		 Yes
(Pishgam)
 Israel Israeli Space Agency ISA
סוכנות החלל הישראלית 		1983 Yes
(Ilan Ramon) 		Yes
(Ofeq-1) 		Yes
(Shavit 2) 		No
 Italy Italian Space Agency[44][45] ASI 1988 Yes
(Franco Malerba) 		Yes
(San Marco 1) 		Yes
(San Marco 1) 		No
 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency[46][47] JAXA
ジャクサ 		2003 Yes
(Toyohiro Akiyama)		 Yes
(Ohsumi)		 Yes
(Ohsumi)		 Yes
 Kazakhstan National Space Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan[48] KazCosmos
KazKosmos 		2007 Yes
(Toktar Aubakirov)		 Yes
(KazSat-1)		 No No
 Kenya Kenya Space Agency[49] KSA
 2017 No
 Yes
(1KUNS-PF)		 No No
 North Korea National Aerospace Development Administration[50][51] NADA 1980s (KCST)
2013 (NADA)[52] 		No Yes
(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2) 		Yes
(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2) 		No
 South Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute[53] KARI 1989 Yes
(Yi So-yeon) 		Yes
(Koreasat 1) 		Yes
(KITSAT-1) 		No
 Lithuania Lithuanian Space Association[54] LSA[55] 2007 No Yes
(LituanicaSAT-1)		 No No
 Luxembourg Luxembourg Space Agency[56] LSA 2018 No No No No
 Malaysia Malaysian Space Agency[57] MYSA 2002 Yes
(Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor)		 Yes
(MEASAT-1)		 No No
 Mexico Mexican Space Agency[58] AEM 2010 Yes
(Rodolfo Vela) 		Yes
(Morelos I) 		Yes
(UNAMSAT B)[59] 		No
 Mongolia National Remote Sensing Center of Mongolia[60] NRSC 1991 No Yes
(Mazaalai) 		Yes
(Mazaalai) 		No
 Morocco Royal Center for Remote Sensing[61]
Centre Royal de Télédétection Spatiale
Ammas Amrrukan n Tallunt
(المركز الملكي للإستشعار البعدي الفضائي) 		CRTS 1989 No No No No
 Netherlands Netherlands Institute for Space Research[62] SRON 1983 Yes
(Wubbo Ockels) 		Yes
(ANS) 		Yes
(ANS) 		No
 New Zealand New Zealand Space Agency
 NZSA 2016 No No No No
 Nigeria National Space Research and Development Agency[63] NASRDA 1998 No Yes
(Nigeriasat-1)		 No No
 Norway Norwegian Space Agency[64] NRS
NSC 		1987 No Yes
(Thor 2)		 No No
 Pakistan Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission[65] SUPARCO
سپارکو 		1961 (started working from 1964) No Yes
(Badr-1) 		Yes
(Badr-1) 		No
 Paraguay Paraguayan Space Agency (Agencia Espacial de Paraguay)[66] AEP 2014 No Yes
(GuaraníSat-1)		 No No
 Peru National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development[67] CONIDA 1974 No Yes
(Chasqui I)		 Yes No
 Philippines Philippine Space Agency[68][69][70][71][72] PhilSA 2014 (DOST–ASTI)
2019 (PhilSA)		 No Yes
(Agila-1)		 No No
 Poland Polish Space Agency[73] POLSA 1976 (CBK PAN)
2014 (POLSA)		 Yes
(Mirosław Hermaszewski)		 Yes
(Lem)		 No No
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal Portugal Space[74][75] PTSPACE 2019 No No Yes
(PoSAT-1)		 No
 Romania Romanian Space Agency[76] ASR
ROSA 		1991 Yes
(Dumitru Prunariu)		 Yes
(Goliat)		 No No
 Russia Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Roscosmos
Роскосмос 		25 Feb 1992 Yes
(Aleksandr Volkov) 		Yes
(Kosmos 2175) 		Yes
(Kosmos 2175) 		Yes
(Soyuz TM-14)
 Rwanda Rwanda Space Agency[77] RSA 2021 No No No No
 Saudi Arabia Saudi Space Agency[78] SSA 1977 (KACST-SRI)
2018 (SSC/SSA)		 Yes
(Sultan Bin Salman)		 Yes
(Arabsat-1A)		 No No
 Singapore Centre for Remote Imaging, Sensing and Processing[79] CRISP 1995 No Yes
(ST-1)		 No No
 South Africa South African National Space Agency[80] SANSA 2010 No No No No
 Soviet Union Soviet space program СССР
Космическая программа 		1955
disbanded 25 Dec 1991 		Yes
(Yuri Gagarin) 		Yes
(Sputnik 1) 		Yes
(Sputnik 1) 		Yes
(Korabl-Sputnik 2)
 Spain Agencia Espacial Española[81][82][83] AEE 2023 Yes
(Pedro Duque) 		Yes
(Hispasat 1A) 		Yes
(Intasat) 		No
 Sweden Swedish National Space Agency[84] SNSA 1972 Yes
(Christer Fuglesang) 		Yes
(Viking) 		Yes No
 Switzerland Swiss Space Office[85][86] SSO 1998 No No No No
File:Flag of Syria (2025-).svg Syria Syrian Space Agency[87][88][89][90] SSA 2014 No No No No
 Taiwan Taiwan Space Agency[91] TASA 1991 No Yes
(ST-1) 		Yes
(Formosat-1) 		No
 Thailand Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency[92] GISTDA
สทอภ 		2000 No Yes
(Thaicom 1)		 No No
 Tunisia French: Centre national de la cartographie et de la télédétection
(Arabic: المركز الوطني للإستشعار عن بعد)
(National Remote Sensing Center of Tunisia)[93] 		CNCT 1988 No No No No
 Turkey Turkish Space Agency
(Türkiye Uzay Ajansı)[94][95][96][97] 		TUA 1985 (TÜBİTAK UZAY)
2018 (TUA) 		Yes
(Alper Gezeravcı) 		Yes
(Türksat 1A) 		Yes
(Göktürk-2) 		No
 Turkmenistan Turkmenistan National Space Agency[98] TNSA 2011 No Yes
(TürkmenÄlem52E / MonacoSAT) 		No Yes
 Ukraine State Space Agency of Ukraine[99] SSAU 1992 Yes
(Leonid Kadeniuk) 		Yes Yes
(Sich-1) 		No
 United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Space Agency[100] UAESA 2014 Yes
(Hazza Al Mansouri) 		Yes
(Thuraya 2) 		No No
 United Kingdom United Kingdom Space Agency[101] UKSA 2010 Yes
(Helen Sharman) 		Yes
(Ariel 1) 		Yes
(Prospero) 		No
 United Nations United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space[102] UNCOPUOS 1959 — — — —
 United Nations United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs[103] UNOOSA 1958 — — — —
 United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration[104] NASA 1958 Yes
(Alan Shepard) 		Yes
(Explorer 1) 		Yes
(Explorer 1) 		Yes
(Discoverer 13)
 Uzbekistan The Space Research and Technology Agency under the Ministry of Digital Technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan[105] Uzbekspace agency 2019 No No No No
 Venezuela Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities[106] ABAE 2008 No Yes
(Venesat-1) 		No No
 Vietnam Vietnam National Space Center (Trung tâm Vũ trụ Việt Nam)[107] TTVTVN or VNSC
VAST-VNSC 		2006 Yes
(Phạm Tuân) 		Yes
(Vinasat-1) 		No No

List of space agencies with launch capability

This group of agencies have developed or are developing launch infrastructure including space launch sites, suborbital launch technology, orbital launch systems, and reusable hardware technologies.

Overview of space agency launch capabilities
Country Space agency Demonstrated capability
Name Acronym Founded Operates launch site Suborbital launch capable Orbital launch capable Cryogenic rocket engine use Reusable systems use
 Argentina Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales[2] CONAE 1961 (CNIE)
1991 (CONAE) 		Yes[108]
(Punta Indio) 		Yes[109]
(Orión) 		No No No
 Australia Australian Space Agency[3][4] ASA 2018 Yes
(Woomera) 		Yes[110]
(Long Tom) 		No No No
 Brazil Brazilian Space Agency[11][12] AEB 1994 Yes[111]
(Alcântara)		 Yes
(VSB-30)		 No No No
 Canada Canadian Space Agency CSA 1 Mar 1989 Yes Yes No No No
 China China National Space Administration[15] CNSA 1993 Yes
(Jiuquan)		 Yes Yes
(Long March 1)		 Yes
(YF-73)		 Yes
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal
 Poland
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom
 European Space Agency ESA
ASE
EWO[30][31] 		30 May 1975 Yes
(Kourou)		 Yes Yes
(Ariane 1)		 Yes No
 France French: Centre National d’Études Spatiales[33] CNES 1961 Yes
(Kourou)		 Yes
(Véronique)		 Yes
(Diamant A)		 Yes No
 India Indian Space Research Organisation[37][38][39] ISRO
इसरो 		1969 Yes
(Sriharikota)		 Yes
(RH-75)		 Yes
(SLV)		 Yes
(CE-20) (CE-7.5)		 No
 Iran Iranian Space Agency[112] ISA 2004 Yes
(Semnan)		 Yes
(Safir)		 Yes
(Safir)		 No No
 Israel Israel Space Agency[113] ISA]
סל"ה 		1983 Yes
(Palmachim Airbase)		 Yes
(Shavit 2)		 Yes
(Shavit 2)		 No No
 Italy Italian Space Agency[114] ASI 1988 Yes
(Salto di Quirra)		 Yes No Yes No
 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency[46] JAXA
ジャクサ 		2003 Yes
(Uchinoura)		 Yes Yes
(Lambda-4S)		 Yes
(LE-7)		 No
 North Korea National Aerospace Development Administration KCST 1980s Yes
(Sohae)		 Yes Yes[115]
(Unha-3)		 No No
 South Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute[116] KARI
항우연 		1989 Yes
(Naro)		 Yes Yes
(Nuri)		 No No
 Mexico Mexican Space Agency MSA 2010 No Yes No No No
 New Zealand New Zealand Space Agency
 NZSA 2016 Yes
(Mahia) 		No No No No
 Pakistan Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission[117] SUPARCO 1961 Yes
(Sonmiani Flight Test Range) 		Yes
(Rehbar-I) 		No No No
 Poland Polish Space Agency POLSA 1976 Yes Yes No No No
 Russia Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Roscosmos
Роскосмос 		25 Feb 1992 Yes
(Plesetsk)		 Yes Yes
(Soyuz-U)		 Yes No
 Soviet Union Soviet space program СССР
Космическая программа 		1955
disbanded 25 Dec 1991 		Yes
(Baikonur) 		Yes
(GIRD-09) 		Yes
(R-7 Sputnik) 		Yes
(KVD-1) 		Yes
(Buran)
 Sweden Swedish National Space Agency[118] SNSA 1972 Yes
(Esrange) 		Yes
(Maser) 		No No No
 Ukraine State Space Agency of Ukraine[119] ДКАУ
SSAU 		1992 No Yes Yes
(Dnepr)		 No No
 United Kingdom UK Space Agency UKSA 1 Apr 2010 Yes Yes Yes No No
 United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration[104] NASA 1958 Yes
(Cape Canaveral)		 Yes
(WAC Corporal)		 Yes
(Juno I)		 Yes
(RL10)		 Yes
(Space Shuttle)

List of space agencies with extraterrestrial exploration capability

This group of agencies have developed advanced technological capabilities required for travel and study of other heavenly bodies within the Solar System. These involve the capacity to leave the local area around the planet Earth for lunar and/or missions to other bodies in the Solar System. As of February 2023, six (6) countries/agencies have achieved objectives necessary to be listed here.

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial exploration capability
Country Space agency Demonstrated capability
Name Acronym Founded Controlled surface impact Operates extraterrestrial orbiter Uncrewed soft landing Uncrewed rover operation Sample return
 China China National Space Administration[120] CNSA 1993[15] Yes
(Chang'e 1)		 Yes
(Chang'e 1)		 Yes
(Chang'e 3)		 Yes
(Yutu-1)		 Yes
(Chang'e 5)
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal
 Poland
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom
 European Space Agency[121] ESA
ASE
EWO 		1975 Yes
(Rosetta)		 Yes
(Mars Express)		 Yes
(Huygens)		 No No
 India Indian Space Research Organisation[122] ISRO
इसरो 		1969[37] Yes
(Moon Impact Probe)[39]		 Yes
(Chandrayaan-1)		 Yes
(Chandrayaan-3)		 Yes
(Pragyan)		 No
 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency[123] JAXA
ジャクサ 		2003 Yes
(Hiten)		 Yes
(Hiten)		 Yes
(Hayabusa)		 Yes
(MINERVA-II)		 Yes
(Hayabusa)
 Soviet Union Soviet space program СССР
Космическая программа 		1955
disbanded 25 Dec 1991		 Yes
(Luna 2)		 Yes
(Luna 10)		 Yes
(Luna 9)		 Yes
(Lunokhod 1)		 Yes
(Luna 16)
 United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA 1958[104] Yes
(Ranger 7)		 Yes
(Lunar Orbiter 1)		 Yes
(Surveyor 1)		 Yes
(Sojourner)		 Yes
(Apollo 11)

List of space agencies with human spaceflight capability

This small group of countries/space agencies have demonstrated the highest technological capacity with systems and solutions that support human spaceflight along with the ancillary technological capabilities to support human activity in orbit and/or on extraterrestrial bodies. The missions identified (and personnel when appropriate) are the first successful accomplishments of each activity.

Overview of space agencies human spaceflight capability
Country Space agency Demonstrated capability
Name Acronym Founded Crewed space launch EVA Rendezvous and docking Space station Crewed circumlunar flight Crewed Moon landing
 China China National Space Administration[124][15] CNSA 1993 Yes
(Shenzhou 5)		 Yes
(Shenzhou 7,
Zhai Zhigang)		 Yes
(Shenzhou 8 to Tiangong-1)		 Yes
(Tiangong)		 No No
 Russia Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Roscosmos
Роскосмос 		25 Feb 1992 Yes
(Soyuz TM-14)		 Yes
(Mir, Aleksandr Volkov and Sergei Krikalev)		 Yes
(Soyuz TM-14 to ISS)		 Yes
(Mir)		 No No
 Soviet Union Soviet space program СССР
Космическая программа 		1955
disbanded 25 Dec 1991		 Yes
(Vostok 1)		 Yes
(Voskhod 2,
Alexei Leonov)		 Yes
(Soyuz 4 to
Soyuz 5)		 Yes
(Salyut 1)		 No No
 United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration[104] NASA 1958 Yes
(Mercury-Redstone 3)		 Yes
(Gemini 4,
Ed White)		 Yes
(Gemini 8 to GATV)		 Yes
(Skylab)		 Yes
(Apollo 8)		 Yes
(Apollo 11)

Emerging, proposed and future space agencies

Overview of possible future space agencies
Country/Countries Space agency Expected date of formation Current status
Name Acronym
Template:Country data African Union African Space Agency AfSA 2023 Proposed in 2015. AU plans to launch the agency by 2019 with a proposed headquarter in Cairo, Egypt. Funded by Egypt. See the stamp issued by Egypt on 19 September 2019.[125][126][127][128][129]
 Albania Albanian Space Office ASO — Proposed in 2020, at progress stage.[130]
 Armenia Armenian Space Agency ArmCosmos — Proposed in 2013 with the goal to launch satellites. Negotiating with the International Telecommunication Union to clear the path for its prospective launch.[131]
 Bhutan Bhutan Space Office BSO — Proposed in 2016, at progress stage.[132]
 Cambodia Cambodian Aeronautics and Space Office CASO — Proposed in 2016, at progress stage.[133]
 Croatia Croatian Space Agency CROSA — Proposed in 2020, currently operate as NGO Adriatic Aerospace Association (A3), at progress stage.[134][135]
 Djibouti Djibouti National Space Office — — Announced in 2022, at bill stage.[136]
 Guatemala Guatemala Space Agency — — Proposed in 2019, at progress stage.[137][138]
 Honduras Honduras Space Agency AEH — Proposed in 2018, at progress stage.[139]
 Iraq Iraqi National Space Agency IraqSpace — Proposed in 2019, at progress stage.[140]
 Laos Lao Aeronautics and Space Agency LaoSpace — Proposed in 2015, at progress stage.[141]
CELAC Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency ALCE 2022[142] Announced in 2021, bill stage.[143][144]
 Latvia Latvia Space Office LSO — Proposed in 2020, at progress stage.[145]
 Malta Malta Space Office MSO — Proposed in 2017, at progress stage.[146]
 Moldova Moldova National Space Office — — Proposed in 2018, at progress stage.[147]
 Monaco Monaco Space Agency — — Proposed in 2020, at progress stage.[148]
 Montenegro Montenegrin National Bureau of Space — — Announced in 2022, bill stage.[149]
 Myanmar Myanmar Aeronautics and Space Agency MyanmarSpace — Proposed in 2019, at progress stage.[150][151]
   Nepal Nepal Aeronautics and Space Office NepalSpace — Proposed in 2018, at progress stage.[152]
 Nicaragua Nicaraguan Space Agency AEN — Announced in 2021, bill stage.[153][154]
 Oman Oman Space Agency OSA — Proposed in 2020, at progress stage.[155][156]
 Panama Panama Space Agency AEP — Proposed in 2014, at progress stage.[157]
 Serbia Serbian Space Office SerbSpace — Proposed in 2016, at progress stage.[158]
 Slovenia Slovenian National Bureau of Space — — Proposed in 2019, at progress stage.[159][160]
 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Aeronautics and Space Agency SLASA — Proposed in 2009. Immediate goal was to construct and launch two satellites. Sri Lankan Telecommunications Regulatory Commission had signed an agreement with Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd to get the relevant help and resources.[161]
 Sudan Sudan Space Agency — — Proposed in 2017, at progress stage.[162]
 Tanzania Tanzanian National Space Agency TNSA — Proposed in 2021, at progress stage.[163]
 Uruguay Uruguayan Space Agency AEU 2022 Announced in 2021, bill stage.[164]

Budgets

The annual budgets listed are the official budgets of national space agencies available in public domain. The budgets are not normalized to the expenses of space research in different countries, i.e. higher budget does not necessarily mean more activity or better performance in space exploration.[165][166] Budget could be used for different projects: e.g. GPS is maintained from the US defence budget,[167] whereas ESA's money is used for developing the European Galileo positioning system.[168] For European contributors to ESA, the national budgets shown include also their contributions to ESA.

Five government space agencies, the United States (NASA), China (CNSA), France (CNES), Japan (JAXA) and Russia (Roscosmos), have annual budgets of more than two billion US dollars.

Budgets of different space agencies.
Agency (country/region) Budget (in millions of US $)
NASA (United States )
23,500
CNSA (China )
11,700
ESA (Europe)
7,430
CNES (France )
3,521
JAXA (Japan )
2,388
Roscosmos (Russia )
2,011
ISRO (India )
1,831
ASI (Italy)
1,750
DLR (Germany )
1,424
AEE (Spain )
739
KARI (South Korea )
701
UKSA (United Kingdom )
604
CSA (Canada )
460
ASA (Algeria)
394
ISAB (Belgium)
260
SSO (Switzerland )
177
NSO (Netherlands)
150
SNSA (Sweden)
120
SSAU (Ukraine )
107
NOSA (Norway )
103
TUA (Turkey)
87
ALR (Austria)
75
AEB (Brazil )
68
CONAE (Argentina )
63
LAPAN (Indonesia)
54
Budgets of space agencies
Country/
region 		Agency Budget
(in millions of US $) 		Year Reference
 United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration 23,500 2022 [169][170]
 China China National Space Administration 11,700 2021 [171]
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 European Union
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Poland
File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom
 European Space Agency 7,430 2020 [172]
 France National Centre for Space Studies 3,521 2022 [173]
 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2,388 2022 [174]
 Russia Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities 2,011 2022 [175]
 India Indian Space Research Organisation 1,831 2022 [176][177]
 Italy Italian Space Agency 1,750 2020 [178]
 Germany German Aerospace Center 1,424 2021 [179]
 Spain Agencia Espacial Española 739 2023 [180]
 South Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute 701 2021 [181]
 United Kingdom UK Space Agency 604 2021 [182]
 Canada Canadian Space Agency 460 2019 [183]
 Algeria Algerian Space Agency 394 2020 [184]
 Belgium Interfederal Space Agency of Belgium 260 2020 [185]
 Switzerland Swiss Space Office 177 2019 [172]
 Netherlands Netherlands Space Office 150 2022 [186]
 Sweden Swedish National Space Agency 120 2022 [187]
 Ukraine State Space Agency of Ukraine 107 2022 [188]
 Norway Norwegian Space Agency 103 2019 [189]
 Turkey Turkish Space Agency 87 2023 [190]
 Austria Austrian Space Agency 75 2020 [191]
 Brazil Brazilian Space Agency 68 2022 [192]
 Poland Polish Space Agency 64 2020 [193]
 Argentina Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales 63 2022 [194]
 Indonesia National Institute of Aeronautics and Space 54 2022 [195][196]
 Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission 50 2019 [197][198]
 Philippines Philippine Space Agency 38 2019 [199]
 Nigeria National Space Research and Development Agency 36 2020 [200]
 Australia Australian Space Agency 35 2020 [201][202]
 Israel Israel Space Agency 17 2020 [203]
 South Africa South African National Space Agency 15 2020 [204]
 Iran Iranian Space Agency, Iranian Space Research Center and Aerospace Research Institute 9 2020 [205]
 Mexico Mexican Space Agency 4 2022 [206]
 Chile Chilean Space Agency 1 2014
World All space agencies (Total of listed budgets) About 62,000

See also

Notes

References

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  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales – Background". CONAE. http://www.conae.gov.ar/eng/sobre/antecedentes.html. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Australian Space Agency". https://space.gov.au. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Australia just launched a brand new space agency". 25 September 2017. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/australia-space-agency-nasa-earth-roscosmos-malcolm-turnbull-economy-a7966751.html. 
  5. ↑ Pearlman, Jonathan (6 October 2017). "Australia sets up space agency with eye on satellite tech". https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/australianz/australia-sets-up-space-agency-with-eye-on-satellite-tech. 
  6. ↑ Besser, Bruno (January 2004). "Austria's History in Space". pp. 25–28. http://www.esa.int/esapub/hsr/HSR_34.pdf. 
  7. ↑ "ESA – Human Spaceflight and Exploration – Other space agencies". 3 January 2007. http://www.esa.int/esaHS/ESAGRE0VMOC_index_0.html. 
  8. ↑ "Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the establishment of the public legal entity "Space Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos)"". https://president.az/articles/51300. 
  9. ↑ "বাংলাদেশ মহাকাশ গবেষণা ও দূর অনুধাবন". http://www.sparrso.gov.bd/. 
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  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Presidency of Brazil: Law 8.854 of 02/10/1994 – "That creates the Brazilian Space Agency, and other measures".". http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Leis/L8854.htm. 
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  154. ↑ "Ortega pide oficina para asuntos del espacio ultraterrestre" (in es). DW Español. 31 January 2021. https://m.dw.com/es/ortega-pide-oficina-para-asuntos-del-espacio-ultraterrestre/a-56394576. 
  155. ↑ "First Omani satellite in space in 2022". Muscat Daily. 30 October 2021. https://www.muscatdaily.com/2021/10/30/first-omani-satellite-in-space-in-2022/. 
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  157. ↑ "Panamá tiene potencial para tener una agencia espacial" (in es). La Estrella de Panamá. 20 August 2018. https://www.laestrella.com.pa/cafe-estrella/ciencia/180820/panama-agencia-espacial-potencial. 
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  159. ↑ Kraševec, Ana (3 September 2020). "Launching the first two Slovenian satellites". Slovenia.si. https://slovenia.si/excellence/launching-the-first-two-slovenian-satellites/. 
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  161. ↑ "SSTL Contracted to Establish Sri Lanka Space Agency". Via Satellite. 18 November 2009. https://www.satellitetoday.com/government-military/2009/11/18/sstl-contracted-to-establish-sri-lanka-space-agency/. 
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  163. ↑ "Tanzania plans to develop its own satellite, MPs heard". Daily News TZ. 7 November 2022. https://dailynews.co.tz/tanzania-plans-to-develop-its-own-satellite-mps-heard/. 
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  165. ↑ "Global Space Revenues and Budgets". The Space Report. 2009. http://www.thespacereport.org/resources/overview/space_budgets.php. 
  166. ↑ "The Space Report 2011 | Resources". Thespacereport.org. http://www.thespacereport.org/resources/government/intl_budgets.php. 
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  168. ↑ Brewin, Bob (November 21, 2001). "European Space Agency backing Galileo GPS system". Computerworld. https://www.computerworld.com/article/2585133/european-space-agency-backing-galileo-gps-system.html. 
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  171. ↑ Couronne, Ivan (6 January 2019). "In space, the US sees a rival in China". phys.org. https://phys.org/news/2019-01-space-rival-china.html. 
  172. ↑ 172.0 172.1 "ESA Budget for 2019". European Space Agency. 14 January 2019. https://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2019/01/ESA_Budget_2019. 
  173. ↑ Un budget exceptionnel, Activité institutionnelle du CNES, 24 April 2015, https://cnes.fr/fr/budget-exceptionnel, retrieved 10 May 2021 
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