List of rocks on Mars

This is an alphabetical list of named rocks (and meteorites) found on Mars, by mission. This list is a sampling of rocks viewed, and is not an exhaustive listing. A more complete listing may be found on the various NASA mission web sites. This listing does not include Martian meteorites found on Earth.

Names for Mars rocks are largely unofficial designations used for ease of discussion purposes, as the International Astronomical Union's official Martian naming system declares that objects smaller than 100 m (330 ft) are not to be given official names. Because of this, some less significant rocks seen in photos returned by Mars rovers have been named more than once, and others have even had their names changed later due to conflicts or even matters of opinion. Often rocks are named after the children or family members of astronauts or NASA employees. The name Jazzy, for example, was taken from a girl named Jazzy who grew up in Grand Junction, Colorado, USA. Her father worked for NASA and contributed to the findings and naming of the rocks.

white;">← Beagle 2 (2003)

white;">Curiosity (2012) →

white;">Deep Space 2 (1999) →

black;">← Rosalind Franklin rover (2021?)

white;">InSight (2018) →

black;">← Mars 2020 rover (2021?)

white;">Mars 2 (1971) →

white;">← Mars 3 (1971)

white;">Mars 6 (1973) →

white;">Polar Lander (1999) ↓

white;">↑ Opportunity (2004)

white;">← Phoenix (2008)

white;">Schiaparelli EDM (2016) →

white;">← Sojourner (1997)

white;">Spirit (2004) ↑

white;">Viking 1 (1976) →

white;">Viking 2 (1976) →

Viking 1 Lander – July 20, 1976; Last Earth Contact – November 13, 1982.^[1][2]
Viking 1 was operational on Mars for 2245 sols (2307 days; 6 years, 116 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 22°29′N 49°58′W / 22.48°N 49.97°W / 22.48; -49.97 (Viking 1 lander)^[1]

Viking 2 Lander – September 3, 1976; Last Earth Contact – April 11, 1980.^[1][3]
Viking 2 was operational on Mars for 1281 sols (1316 days; 3 years, 221 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 47°58′N 225°44′W / 47.97°N 225.74°W / 47.97; -225.74 (Viking 2 lander)^[1]
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and 1-JPL and 2-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

• 
  Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander (February 11, 1978).
• 
  Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander (February 11, 1978).
• 
  Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander.
• 
  Rocks on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander (July 21, 1976).
• 
  Rocks on Mars – viewed by the Viking 2 Lander (September 5, 1976).
• 
  Rocks on Mars – viewed by the Viking 2 Lander (September 25, 1977).

Panorama of rocks near the Viking 1 Lander (July 20, 1976) - First "clear" image ever transmitted from the surface of Mars.

Panorama of rocks near the Viking 1 Lander (July 23, 1976).

Panorama of rocks near the Viking 2 Lander (1976).

Sojourner rover – July 4, 1997; Last Earth Contact – September 27, 1997.^[4]
Sojourner was operational on Mars for 92 sols (95 days; 95 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 19°7′48″N 33°13′12″W / 19.13°N 33.22°W / 19.13; -33.22 (Sojourner rover (Mars Pathfinder))
(Raw Images - 1-Camera/Sol and 2-Camera/Sol and 3-Camera/Sol and 1-JPL and 2-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

• 
  Rover Map of Sojourner's route on Mars (Sol 83, 1997) (Archive).
• 
  Barnacle Bill rock on Mars – near the Sojourner rover.
• 
  Barnacle Bill rock on Mars - viewed by the Sojourner rover.
• 
  Yogi rock (circled) on Mars – near the Sojourner rover.
• 
  Yogi rock on Mars – analyzed by the Sojourner rover.
• 
  Yogi rock on Mars - viewed by the Sojourner rover.

Panorama of rocks near the Sojourner rover (July 10, 1997).

Panorama of rocks near the Sojourner rover (December 5, 1997).

Spirit Rover – January 4, 2004; Last Earth Contact – May 25, 2011.^[5]
Spirit was operational on Mars for 2208 sols (2249 days; 6 years, 77 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 14°34′06″S 175°28′21″E / 14.5684°S 175.472636°E / -14.5684; 175.472636 (Spirit rover)^[6]
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

• 
  Rover Map of Spirit's route on Mars (Sol 1509, April 2, 2008) (Archive to Sol 2555, March 15, 2011 Current).
• 
  "Adirondack" rock on Mars – viewed by the Spirit Rover.
• 
  "Home Plate" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the Spirit Rover.
• 
  "Mimi" rock on Mars – viewed by the Spirit rover.
• 
  "Pot of Gold" rock on Mars – viewed by the Spirit rover.

Panorama of rocks near the Spirit rover – Gusev Crater "Winter Haven" ("McMurdo") (August 17, 2006) (high-resolution description).

Panorama of rocks near the Spirit rover – Gusev Crater (August 5, 2004).

Opportunity rover – January 25, 2004; Last Earth Contact June 10, 2018.^[7][8]
Opportunity was operational on Mars for 5110 sols (5250 days; 14 years, 136 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 1°56′46″S 354°28′24″E / 1.9462°S 354.4734°E / -1.9462; 354.4734 (Opportunity rover)^[6]
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

• 
  Rover Map of Opportunity's route on Mars (Sol 2055, January 24, 2009) (Archive to Sol 3342, June 21, 2013 Current).
• 
  "Block Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (July 31, 2009).
• 
  "Blueberries" (hematite spheres) on rock outcrop at Eagle Crater – viewed by the Opportunity rover (Sol 46 – March, 2004).
• 
  "Blueberries" at "Kirkwood" near Endeavour Crater – Opportunity rover (September 6, 2012).
• 
  "Bounce" rock on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover.
• 
  "El Capitan" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the Opportunity rover.
• 
  "El Capitan" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the Opportunity rover.
• 
  "Esperance" rock on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (February 23, 2013).
• 
  "Heat Shield" meteorite (officially, Meridiani Planum meteorite) on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (January 6, 2005).
• 
  "Homestake" vein on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (November 12, 2012).
• 
  "Jornada del Muerto" – rock found in Perseverance Valley (posted June 4, 2019).
• 
  "Last Chance" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover.
• 
  "Mackinac Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (October 13, 2009).
• 
  "Oileán Ruaidh" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (September 24, 2010).
• 
  "Pinnacle Island" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by Opportunity (January 23, 2014).^[10][11]
• 
  "Pinnacle Island" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by Opportunity (January 17, 2014).^[11][10]
• 
  "Pinnacle Island" rock - microscopic view by Opportunity (February 1, 2014).^[11][10]
• 
  "Pinnacle Island" rock - location where rock was dislodged by Opportunity (February 4, 2014).
• 
  "Shelter Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (October 3, 2009).
• 
  "Shelter Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (October 1, 2009).
• 
  "Sparkling Spheres" embedded in trench wall at Meridiani Planum - viewed by the Opportunity rover (February, 2004).
• 
  "Whitewater River" rock on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity rover (November 12, 2012).

Panorama of rocks near the Opportunity rover – Eagle crater (March 5, 2004).

Panorama of rocks near the Opportunity rover – Payson outcrop – Erebus crater (February 26, 2006).

Phoenix lander – May 25, 2008; Green Valley, Vastitas Borealis − Last Earth Contact – November 10, 2008.^[12]
Phoenix was operational on Mars for 157 sols (161 days; 161 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 68°13′N 125°42′W / 68.22°N 125.7°W / 68.22; -125.7 (Phoenix lander) ( [ ⚑ ] 68°13′11.9994″N 125°42′0″W / 68.219999833°N 125.7°W / 68.219999833; -125.7 (Phoenix lander))
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

Panorama of rocks near the Phoenix lander (May 25, 2008).

Panorama of rocks near the Phoenix lander (August 19, 2008).

Curiosity rover – August 6, 2012; Gale crater; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.^[13]
As of 19, {{C Curiosity h for 4783 sols (4914 total days; 13 years, 166 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 4°35′22″S 137°26′30″E / 4.5895°S 137.4417°E / -4.5895; 137.4417 (Curiosity rover) ( [ ⚑ ] 4°35′22.2″S 137°26′30.1194″E / 4.5895°S 137.441699833°E / -4.5895; 137.441699833 (Curiosity rover))
(Raw Images - Camera and Sol and 1-JPL and 2-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

• 
  First-Year and first-mile Traverse Map of the Curiosity rover on Mars (August 1, 2013; 3-D).
• 
  "Alexander Hills" bedrock on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (November 23, 2014).
• 
  "Bathurst Inlet" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (September 30, 2012).
• 
  "Bonanza King" rock on Mars - dusted and initially drilled (September 11, 2014).
• 
  "Bonanza King" rock on Mars - drilling stopped due to loose rock (September 11, 2014).
• 
  "Buckskin" rock on Mars – Curiosity drilling site
  (July 30, 2015).
• 
  "Burwash" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (October 29, 2012).
• 
  "Confidence Hills" rock on Mars - Curiosity's first target at Mount Sharp (September 24, 2014).
• 
  "Coronation" rock on Mars – first target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on the Curiosity rover (August 17, 2012).
• 
  "Coronation" rock on Mars – close-up - viewed by the Curiosity rover (August 17, 2012).
• 
  "Crestaurum" sand patch on Mars – before/after ChemCam laser hits – as viewed by Curiosity (October 20, 2012).
• 
  "Cumberland" bedrock on Mars - Curiosity's second drilling site (Yellowknife Bay; February 19, 2013; white balanced).
• 
  "Cumberland" bedrock on Mars - Curiosity's second drilling site - before/after (Yellowknife Bay; May 19, 2013).
• 
  "Darwin" rock outcrop on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (Waypoint 1; September 10, 2013; overview).
• 
  "Darwin" rock outcrop ridge - viewed by Curiosity (Waypoint1; September 21, 2013; context).
• 
  "Darwin" sandstone on Mars - viewed by the Curiosity rover (Waypoint 1; September 21, 2013; closeup).
• 
  "Egg Rock" meteorite on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (Murray formation; October 27, 2016; context).^[21]
• 
  "Egg Rock" meteorite on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (Murray formation; October 27, 2016; closeup).^[21]
• 
  "Ekwir_1" rock on Mars – cleaned with Curiosity's "Dust Removal Tool" (DRT) (January 6, 2013; closeup).
• 
  "Et-Then" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (October 29, 2012).
• 
  "Flower"-like rock – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (February 24, 2022)
• 
  "Garden City" rock – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (March 18, 2015).
• 
  "Garden City" rock − closeup – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (March 2, 2015).
• 
  "Gator-Back" rocks − closeup as viewed by the Curiosity rover (March 15, 2022).
• 
  "Gillespie Lake" rock texture – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (December 19, 2012).
• 
  "Goulburn" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed viewed by Curiosity (August 17, 2012).
• 
  "Goulburn" rock outcrop on Mars – close-up viewed by Curiosity (August 17, 2012).
• 
  "Harrison" rock (and crystals) on Mars – viewed by the Curiosity rover (January 15, 2014).
• 
  "Hidden Valley" sand - Curiosity's tracks (August 4, 2014).
• 
  "Hidden Valley" water-related sedimentary deposits on Mars – Curiosity rover (August 7, 2014).
• 
  "High Dune" sand (undisturbed) on Mars – Curiosity rover (December 5, 2015).
• 
  "Hottah" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed viewed by Curiosity (September 12, 2012; closeup; 3-D).
• 
  "Ithaca" rock on Mars – target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on Curiosity (October 30, 2013; closeup).
• 
  "Jake Matijevic" rock on Mars – a prime test target of the Curiosity rover (September 19, 2012).
• 
  Jake Matijevic rock on Mars – target of APSX & ChemCam on Curiosity (September 22, 2012).
• 
  "John Klein" A/B/C mudstone on Mars – near Curiosity's first drilling site (December 25, 2012).
• 
  "John Klein" mudstone - results of Curiosity's first drilling tests (Yellowknife Bay; February 6, 2013).^[22]
• 
  "John Klein" mudstone - drill hole (1.6 cm (0.63 in)) made by Curiosity (Yellowknife Bay; May 10, 2013).
• 
  "Knorr" sedimentary rock on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on Curiosity (December 20, 2012).^[14]
• 
  "Lamoose" rock (high silica levels) – viewed by Curiosity (July 11, 2015).
• 
  "Lebanon" meteorite on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (May 25, 2014).
• 
  "Link" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed viewed by Curiosity (September 2, 2012).
• 
  "Little Colonsay" possible meteorite – viewed by Curiosity (November 26, 2018).
• 
  "Marker Band" area rhythmic layered rock (November 7, 2022).
• Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination
  "Missoula" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (July 1, 2015).
• 
  "Missoula" rock outcrop – "Buckskin" drilling site (July 1, 2015).
• 
  "Mojave 2" rock on Mars – drilling site - viewed by Curiosity (December 31, 2015).
• 
  "Murray Unit" sandstone nodules – viewed by Curiosity (March 9, 2016).
• 
  "Namib Dune" sand on Mars (at night) – (Curiosity rover; January 22, 2016).
• 
  "Not Bones" on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (August 21, 2014).
• 
  "Nova" rock on Mars – 1st laser spark imaged (Curiosity rover; July 12, 2014; video (01:07)).
• 
  "Nova" rock on Mars – ChemCam spectra (Curiosity rover; July 12, 2014).
• 
  "Old Soaker" rock slab on Mars – Possible mud cracks (Curiosity rover; December 20, 2016).
• 
  "Pahrump Hills" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (September 23, 2014).
• 
  "Pahrump Hills" bedrock on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (November 9, 2014).
• 
  "Pahrump Hills" sand - viewed by Curiosity (November 13, 2014).
• 
  "Pahrump Hills" sand - Curiosity's tracks (November 7, 2014).
• 
  "Pink Cliffs" rock outcrop on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (October 7, 2014).
• 
  "Point Lake" rock outcrop (detail) on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (June 13, 2013; context).
• 
  "Rocknest" sand patch on Mars – target for the first use of Curiosity's scoop (September 28, 2012).
• 
  "Rocknest" sand – first X-ray analysis of Martian soil (Curiosity rover; October 30, 2012)^[23]
• 
  "Rocknest" sand on Mars – scoffmark made by the Curiosity rover (MAHLI, October 4, 2012).
• 
  "Rocknest" sand patch on Mars – Curiosity's scooper sifts a load of sand (October 7, 2012).
• 
  Sand tracks – uncover finer grains (Curiosity rover; December 3, 2015).
• 
  "Rocknest 3" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on Curiosity (October 5, 2012).
• 
  Sand moving on Mars – as viewed by Curiosity (January 23, 2017).
• 
  "Sayunei" rock on Mars – Curiosity's view at night (January 22, 2013; wh light).
• 
  "Sayunei" rock on Mars – Curiosity's view at night (January 22, 2013; uv light).
• 
  "Sequoia" rock on Mars − drilled hole made by Curiosity (October 26, 2023)
• 
  "Shaler" rock outcrop on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on the Curiosity rover (December 7, 2012).
• 
  "Sheepbed" rock outcrop on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on Curiosity (December 13, 2012).
• 
  "Snake River" rock feature on Mars – as viewed by Curiosity (December 20, 2012).^[19]
• 
  "Strathdon" rock on Mars – viewed by the Curiosity rover (July 9, 2019).
• 
  "Strathdon-closeup" rock on Mars – viewed by the Curiosity rover (July 10, 2019).
• 
  "Sutton Inlier" rock on Mars – broken by the Curiosity rover (January 31, 2013).^[14]
• 
  "Sutton Inlier" soil on Mars - target of ChemCam's laser - Curiosity rover (May 11, 2013).
• 
  "Terra Firme" book-like rock (April 15, 2023)
• 
  "Tintina" broken hydrated rock on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (January 19, 2013; context).^[14][20]
• 
  "Tintina" broken hydrated rock on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (January 19, 2013; analysis).^[14][20]
• 
  "Unnamed-20120902" rock on Mars – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (September 2, 2012).
• 
  "Unnamed-20180102" curious rock shapes (bio or geo?) on Mars – as viewed by Curiosity (January 2, 2018).^[24][25]
• 
  "Unnamed-20180305" curious rock shapes (bio or geo?) on Mars – as viewed by Curiosity (March 5, 2018).^[26][27]
• 
  "Wernecke" rock on Mars – cleaned with Curiosity's "Dust Removal Tool" (DRT) (January 26, 2013).^[14]
• 
  "Whale" rock on Mars - cross-bedding due to passage of water - as viewed by Curiosity (November 2, 2014).
• 
  "Whimsical" rock on Mars as viewed from the Curiosity rover (July 27, 2021).
• Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination
  "Windjana" sandstone on Mars - as viewed by the Curiosity rover (Kimberley; April 23, 2014; context).
• 
  "Windjana" sandstone on Mars - drill hole (1.6 cm (0.63 in)) made by Curiosity (Kimberley; April 29, 2014).
• 
  "Winnipesaukee" rock on Mars - target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on Curiosity (June 8, 2014).
• 
  "Yellowjacket" rock on Mars – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (May 15, 2015).

Panorama of rocks as viewed by the Curiosity rover – near Bradbury Landing (August 9, 2012).

Panorama of rocks near Mount Sharp as viewed from the Curiosity rover (September 20, 2012; white balanced; raw color).

Panorama of rocks near the Curiosity rover at "Rocknest" (November 16, 2012; white balanced; raw color; interactives).

Template:Wide Image

Panorama of rocks in "Hidden Valley" near the "Pahrump Hills" on Mount Sharp as viewed by the Curiosity rover (September 11, 2014).

Panorama of rocks at the "Mojave" site on Mount Sharp (January 31, 2015).

Panorama of the rocky slopes of Mount Sharp (September 9, 2015).

thumb|center|800px|Panorama of rocks viewed by Curiosity on the slopes of Mount Sharp at Gediz Valles (November 7, 2022).

Panorama of rocks near the Curiosity rover – at Yellowknife Bay around sunset (February 2013; Sun simulated by artist).

InSight lander – May 8, 2018; Elysium Planitia; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.
As of 19, {{C InSight has r 2541 sols (2611 days; 7 years, 54 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 4°30′09″N 135°37′24″E / 4.5024°N 135.6234°E / 4.5024; 135.6234 (InSight lander) ( [ ⚑ ] 4°30′8.6394″N 135°37′24.24″E / 4.502399833°N 135.6234°E / 4.502399833; 135.6234 (InSight lander))
(Raw Images - NASA and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

Panorama of InSight lander landing site (December 9, 2018)

Perseverance rover – February 18, 2021; Jezero crater; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.
As of 19, {{C Perseverance' ve for Template:Perseverance Mission Timer sols (1796 total days; 4 years, 335 days).
Mars landing coordinates: [ ⚑ ] 18°26′41″N 77°27′03″E / 18.4447°N 77.4508°E / 18.4447; 77.4508 (Peseverance rover) ( [ ⚑ ] 18°26′40.92″N 77°27′2.88″E / 18.4447°N 77.4508°E / 18.4447; 77.4508 (Curiosity rover))
(Raw Images - Camera and Sol and 1-JPL + 2-JPL + 3-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

• 
  First color image
  (February 18, 2021)
• 
  Delta sediment
  (February 22, 2021)
• 
  Máaz - 1st study target
  (February 22, 2021)
• 
  Wind-carved rock
  (February 24, 2021)
• 
  Máaz rock
  (March 2, 2021)
• 
  Yeehgo rock
  (March 7, 2021)
• 
  Odd rock
  (March 28, 2021)
• 
  Intriguing rocks
  (April 27, 2021)
• 
  Focus test (video; 0:05)
  (May 10, 2021)
• 
  Artuby outcrop
  (June 17, 2021)
• 
  Examining "paver rocks"
  (July 10, 2021)
• 
  Foux rock
  (July 11, 2021)
• 
  First borehole (Roubion)
  (August 7, 2021)
• 
  Rubion laser holes
  (August 8, 2021)
• 
  Rochette rock
  (August 26, 2021)
• 
  Rochette rock borehole
  (September 1, 2021)
• 
  Rochette rock boreholes
  (September 10, 2021)
• 
  Faillefeu rock
  (September 4, 2021)
• 
  Cine Rock
  (September 17, 2021)
• 
  Garde rock-SHERLOC
  (September 18,2021)
• 
  Garde rock-SHERLOC
  (September 18, 2021)
• 
  Dourbes rock-WATSON
  (November 5, 2021)
• 
  Dourbes rock-PIXL
  (November 5, 2021)
• 
  Brac rock
  (November 15, 2021)
• 
  "AEGIS_0442B" rock (May 18, 2022)
• 
  SnakeHead rock
  (June 12, 2022)
• 
  Otis Peak sample
  (June 12, 2023)
• 
  Boulder field
  (July 6, 2023)
• 
  Cored Rock sample collection at 1000 sols
  (December 12, 2023)

Panorama from Perseverance's Octavia E. Butler Landing site (February 18, 2021)

Panorama from Perseverance's Octavia E. Butler Landing site − Wind-carved rock (February 24, 2021)

Panorama from Perseverance's Octavia E. Butler Landing site (February 21, 2021)

Panorama from Perseverance's Octavia E. Butler Landing site (ultra-high-rez; February 22, 2021)

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Panorama includes Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter near Octavia E. Butler Landing site (April 6, 2021)

• 
  "Face on Mars" – due to Sun's lighting (Viking 1 orbiter; July 25, 1976)
  ( [ ⚑ ] 40°45′N 9°28′W / 40.75°N 9.46°W / 40.75; -9.46).
• 
  "Bear Face on Mars" viewed from MROrbiter
  (January 31, 2023)
• 
  "Smiley Face on Mars" in Galle Crater on Mars.
  (Viking 1 orbiter; 1970s).
• 
  "Star Trek" Starfleet emblem – formed from dunes on Mars.^[28][29]
• 
  "Buddha"-like rock formation.^[30] (Curiosity rover; October 7, 2014).
• 
  "Finger"-like rocks (Curiosity rover; May 17, 2022)
• 
  "Book"-like rock ("Terra Firme") (Curiosity rover; April 15, 2023)
• 
  "Doughnut"-shaped rock (Perseverance rover; June 22, 2023).
• 
  "Hollowed-Out" rock (Perseverance rover; June 26, 2023).
• 
  "Door"-like structure (Curiosity rover; May 7, 2022).
• 
  "Monolith" on Mars – rectangular boulder (MRO; July 24, 2008)
  ( [ ⚑ ] 7°13′52″S 267°21′00″E / 7.231°S 267.350°E / -7.231; 267.350).
• 
  Oblong boulder on Mars – lands upright after rolling down a hill (MRO; July 3, 2014)
  ( [ ⚑ ] 31°S 302°E / 31°S 302°E / -31; 302).
• 
  "Heart-shaped" features on Mars (MGS, MOC; February 14, 2004).
• 
  Mars hole near Pavonis Mons.
• 
  Collapse pit
  (December 28, 2020)
• 
  Cave entrances (possible) on Mars (2001 Mars Odyssey; September 24, 2007).
• 
  Rootless cones on Mars – due to lava flows interacting with water (MRO; January 4, 2013)
  ( [ ⚑ ] 21°57′54″N 197°48′25″E / 21.965°N 197.807°E / 21.965; 197.807).
• 
  Mars blue dunes
  (April 12, 2021).
• 
  Mars sand dune ripples (August 12, 2020).
• 
  Copernicus crater - olivine sand dune terrain.
• Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination
  Sand dunes on Mars during springtime in the Northern Hemisphere.
• 
  Unusual circular (no frost) sand dunes on Mars.
• 
  Mars frosty sand dunes
  (March 22, 2021).
• 
  Polygonal patterns highlighted by carbon dioxide frost.
• 
  Dust deposits-transverse aeolian ridges (TARs)-Syria Planum.
• 
  Dust tower on Mars between Olympus Mons and Valles Marineris.
• 
  Scallop landforms (March 22, 2021).
• 
  Spider-like terrain on Mars.
• 
  Mars ridges
  (March 22, 2021).
• 
  Mars avalanche
  North pole
  (November 27, 2011).
• 
  Mars avalanche
  North pole
  (May 29, 2019).

• Mars - Geologic Map (USGS, 2014) (original / crop / full / video (00:56)).
• Google Images: Rocks on Mars and Martian Rocks
• Rocks on Mars (Geology.com)
• MPF Rock Names
• Named Rocks on Mars (ppt file)
• NASA – Mars Exploration Program
• Understanding 35 weird objects on Mars
• The Origins of Life (Robert Hazen, NASA) (video, 38m, April 2014).
• Co-Evolution of Life and Rocks on YouTube (Robert Hazen, NASA) (video, 70m, July 2019).

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