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Uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station

Topic: Astronomy

 From HandWiki - Reading time: 22 min
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Clockwise: Progress, H-II Transfer Vehicle, Automated Transfer Vehicle, Enhanced Cygnus, Standard Cygnus, and SpaceX Dragon

Uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station (ISS) are made primarily to deliver cargo, however several Russian modules have also docked to the outpost following uncrewed launches. Resupply missions typically use the Russian Progress spacecraft, European Automated Transfer Vehicles, Japanese Kounotori vehicles, and the American Dragon and Cygnus spacecraft. The primary docking system for Progress spacecraft is the automated Kurs system, with the manual TORU system as a backup. ATVs also use Kurs, however they are not equipped with TORU. The other spacecraft — the Japanese HTV, the SpaceX Dragon (under CRS phase 1) and the Northrop Grumman[1] Cygnus — rendezvous with the station before being grappled using Canadarm2 and berthed at the nadir port of the Harmony or Unity module for one to two months. Progress, Cygnus and ATV can remain docked for up to six months.[2][3] Under CRS phase 2, Cargo Dragon docks autonomously at IDA-2 or 3 as the case may be. As of December 2022, Progress spacecraft have flown most of the uncrewed missions to the ISS.

To avoid confusion, this list includes Soyuz MS-23, which was launched uncrewed and landed crewed, but does not include Soyuz MS-22, which was launched crewed and landed uncrewed, which is listed at List of human spaceflights to the International Space Station.

Spaceports

Baikonur Cosmodrome

Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan is the oldest and busiest spaceport. The first module of the ISS was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81 as the uncrewed spacecraft Zarya in 1998 and flew uncrewed for about two years before the first crew arrived. The Progress spacecraft is the most frequent cargo ship sent from Baikonur to the station, bringing supplies such as food, fuel, gas, experiments, and parts. Its light payload is offset by its ability to deliver critical replacement parts at short notice. Fresh fruit and vegetables from the earth are an important part of the crew's diet.

Tanegashima Space Center

A Kounotori departing Tanegashima Space Center bound for the International Space Station.

Located in Japan on an island 115 kilometres (71 mi) south of Kyūshū, the Tanegashima Space Center (TCS) is the launch site for H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV), called Kounotori (こうのとり, Oriental stork or white stork), used to resupply the Kibō Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) and the ISS. The name Kounotori was chosen for the HTV by JAXA because "a white stork carries an image of conveying an important thing (a baby, happiness, and other joyful things), therefore, it precisely expresses the HTV's mission to transport essential materials to the ISS".[4]

White Kounotori can carry 6,000 kilograms (13,000 lb) of cargo in total, about 3,500–4,500 kilograms (7,700–9,900 lb) of which is accessible by the crew in the pressurized section, the remainder is unpressurised cargo on Exposed Pallet to be handled by the ISS's robotic arm.[5]

Centre Spatial Guyanais

The European Space Agency (ESA) uses the Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG). It is a French spaceport near Kourou in French Guiana. Operational since 1968, it is particularly suitable as a location for a spaceport due to its proximity to the equator, and that launches are in a favorable direction over water. The near-equatorial launch location provides an advantage for launches to low-inclination (or geostationary) Earth orbits compared to launches from spaceports at higher latitude, the eastward boost provided by the Earth's rotation is about 463 metres per second (1,520 ft/s) (1,035 miles per hour) at this spaceport.

The ESA's Automated Transfer Vehicle weighs 20.7 tonnes (20,700 kg) at launch and has a cargo capacity of 8 tonnes (8,000 kg) (1,500 to 5,500 kilograms (3,300 to 12,100 lb) of dry cargo, up to 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) of water, nitrogen, oxygen, air), with up to two gases per flight, and up to 4,700 kilograms (10,400 lb) of propellant for the re-boost and refueling the station.

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station

A SpaceX Dragon cargo launch to ISS aboard a Falcon 9.

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, located in Florida, United States, has been operational since 1950; with its first orbital launch occurring in 1958. All of NASA's crewed Mercury and Gemini missions were launched from the Cape, along with some of the earlier Apollo missions. Cape Canaveral is adjacent to the Kennedy Space Center, where the majority of Apollo missions and all the Space Shuttle missions were launched from. Under contract with NASA, SpaceX launches the Dragon 2 Cargo variant spacecraft to resupply the American portion of the ISS. The Dragon can transport 6,000 kilograms (13,000 lb) of pressurized and unpressurized cargo and can return 3,000 kilograms (6,600 lb) to Earth. It is the only uncrewed resupply vehicle capable of returning a payload.

Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport

The Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, located at Wallops Island, Virginia, United States, is the launch site for the Northrop Grumman Cygnus spacecraft for resupplying the American portion of the ISS.

Current and completed spaceflights

Graphical representation of history of uncrewed flights, divided by year and rocket family.

This is a list of uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station. Assembly flights are indicated in bold text.

Note: Russia has delivered cargo via the uncrewed missions of Progress since the launch of the ISS, while the U.S. had used Space Shuttles for hybrid human/cargo missions, resulting in a greater number of Russian uncrewed flights to the ISS. Since the discontinuation of the Space Shuttle program in 2011, the numbers of crewed and uncrewed flights by the U.S. and Russia are more closely matched.

No. Spacecraft
- ISS flight number 		Country Mission Launcher Launch
(UTC) 		Docked/Berthed
(UTC) † 		Undocked/Unberthed
(UTC) 		Duration (Docked) Deorbit
1 Zarya
- ISS-1A/R 		 Russia/ United States Cargo storage Proton-K 20 Nov 1998, 06:40 Reached ISS orbit
25 Nov 1998 		First module of ISS
2 Zvezda
- ISS-1R 		 Russia Service module Proton-K 12 Jul 2000, 04:56 26 Jul 2000, 00:44 attached to ISS
3 Progress M1-3
- ISS-1P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 6 Aug 2000, 18:26 8 Aug 2000, 20:12 1 Nov 2000, 04:04 84d 7h 52m 1 Nov 2000
4 Progress M1-4[6]
- ISS-2P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 16 Nov 2000, 01:32 18 Nov 2000, 03:47 1 Dec 2000, 16:22 13 days, 12 h, 35 min 8 Feb 2001
26 Dec 2000, 11:03 8 Feb 2001, 11:26 44 days, 23 min
5 Progress M-44
- ISS-3P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 26 Feb 2001, 08:09 28 Feb 2001, 09:50 16 Apr 2001, 08:48 46 days, 22 h, 58 min 16 Apr 2001
6 Progress M1-6
- ISS-4P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-FG 20 May 2001, 22:32 23 May 2001, 00:24 22 Aug 2001, 06:02 91 days, 5 h, 38 min 22 Aug 2001
7 Progress M-45
- ISS-5P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 21 Aug 2001, 09:24 23 Aug 2001, 09:51 22 Nov 2001, 16:12 91 days, 6 h, 21 min 22 Nov 2001
8 Pirs
- ISS-4R 		 Russia Docking module
Airlock 		Soyuz-U 14 Sep 2001, 23:35 17 Sep 2001, 01:05 26 Jul 2021, 10:55 with Progress MS-16 7252d 9h 50m 26 Jul 2021, with Progress MS-16
Progress M-SO1
- ISS-4R 		Delivered Pirs 26 Sep 2001,15:36 9 days, 14 h, 31 min 26 Sep 2001
9 Progress M1-7
- ISS-6P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-FG 26 Nov 2001, 18:24 28 Nov 2001, 19:43 19 Mar 2002, 17:43 110 days, 22 h 20 Mar 2002
10 Progress M1-8
- ISS-7P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 21 Mar 2002, 20:13 24 Mar 2002, 20:57 25 Jun 2002, 08:26 92 days, 11 h, 29 min 25 Jun 2002
11 Progress M-46
- ISS-8P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 26 Jun 2002, 05:36 29 Jun 2002, 06:23 24 Sep 2002, 13:59 87 days, 7 h, 36 min 14 Oct 2002
12 Progress M1-9
- ISS-9P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-FG 25 Sep 2002, 16:58 29 Sep 2002, 17:00 1 Feb 2003, 16:00 124 days, 23 h 1 Feb 2003
13 Progress M-47
- ISS-10P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 2 Feb 2003, 12:59 4 Feb 2003, 14:49 28 Aug 2003, 22:48 205 days, 7 h, 59 min 28 Aug 2003
14 Progress M1-10
- ISS-11P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 8 Jun 2003, 10:34 11 Jun 2003, 11:15 4 Sep 2003, 19:41 85 days, 8 h, 26 min 3 Oct 2003
15 Progress M-48
- ISS-12P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 29 Aug 2003, 01:48 31 Aug 2003, 03:40 28 Jan 2004, 08:35 150 days, 4 h, 55 min 28 Jan 2004
16 Progress M1-11
- ISS-13P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 29 Jan 2004, 11:58 31 Jan 2004, 13:13 24 May 2004, 09:19 113 days, 20 h, 6 min 3 Jun 2004
17 Progress M-49
- ISS-14P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 25 May 2004, 12:34 27 May 2004, 13:54 30 Jul 2004, 06:05 63 days, 16 h, 11 min 30 Jul 2004
18 Progress M-50
- ISS-15P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 11 Aug 2004, 05:03 14 Aug 2004, 05:03 22 Dec 2004, 18:37 130 days, 13 h, 34 min 22 Dec 2004
19 Progress M-51
- ISS-16P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 23 Dec 2004, 22:19 25 Dec 2004, 23:58 27 Feb 2005, 16:07 63 days, 16 h, 9 min 9 Mar 2005
20 Progress M-52
- ISS-17P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 28 Feb 2005, 19:09 2 Mar 2005, 19:10 16 Jun 2005, 20:15 106 days, 1 h, 5 min 16 Jun 2005
21 Progress M-53
- ISS-18P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 16 Jun 2005, 23:09 19 Jun 2005, 00:45 7 Sep 2005, 06:26 80 days, 5 h, 41 min 7 Sep 2005
22 Progress M-54
- ISS-19P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 8 Sep 2005, 09:08 10 Sep 2005, 10:42 3 Mar 2006, 10:06 173 days, 23 h, 24 min 3 Mar 2006
23 Progress M-55
- ISS-20P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 21 Dec 2005, 18:38 23 Dec 2005, 19:46 19 Jun 2006, 14:06 177 days, 18 h, 21 min 19 Jun 2006
24 Progress M-56
- ISS-21P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 24 Apr 2006, 16:03 26 Apr 2006, 16:12 19 Sep 2006, 00:28 145 days, 6 h, 47 min 19 Sep 2006
25 Progress M-57
- ISS-22P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 24 Jun 2006, 15:08 26 Jun 2006, 16:24 16 Jan 2007, 23:32 204 days, 7 h, 8 min 17 Jan 2007
26 Progress M-58
- ISS-23P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 23 Oct 2006, 13:41 26 Oct 2006, 14:28 27 Mar 2007, 18:00 152 days, 3 h, 32 min 27 Mar 2007
27 Progress M-59
- ISS-24P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 18 Jan 2007, 02:12 20 Jan 2007, 03:58 1 Aug 2007, 14:07 193 days, 10 h, 9 min 1 Aug 2007
28 Progress M-60
- ISS-25P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 12 May 2007, 03:25 15 May 2007, 05:10 19 Sep 2007, 00:37 126 days, 19 h, 27 min 25 Sep 2007
29 Progress M-61
- ISS-26P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 2 Aug 2007, 17:34 5 Aug 2007, 18:40 22 Dec 2007, 04:00 138 days, 9 h, 20 min 22 Jan 2008
30 Progress M-62
- ISS-27P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 23 Dec 2007, 07:12[7] 26 Dec 2007, 08:14[8] 4 Feb 2008, 10:32[9] 40 days, 2 h, 18 min 15 Feb 2008
31 Progress M-63
- ISS-28P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 5 Feb 2008, 13:02[10] 7 Feb 2008, 14:30[11] 7 Apr 2008, 08:49[12] 59 days, 18 h, 19 min 7 Apr 2008
32 Jules Verne
- ATV-1 		 European Union Logistics Ariane 5ES 9 Mar 2008, 04:03 3 Apr 2008, 14:45 5 Sep 2008, 21:29 155 days, 6 h, 44 min 29 Sep 2008
33 Progress M-64
- ISS-29P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 14 May 2008, 20:22 16 May 2008, 21:39 1 Sep 2008, 19:47 107 days, 22 h, 8 min 8 Sep 2008
34 Progress M-65
- ISS-30P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 10 Sep 2008, 19:50 17 Sep 2008, 18:43 14 Nov 2008, 16:19 57 days, 21 h, 36 min 7 Dec 2008
35 Progress M-01M
- ISS-31P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 26 Nov 2008, 12:38 30 Nov 2008, 12:28 6 Feb 2009, 04:10 67 days, 15 h, 42 min 8 Feb 2009
36 Progress M-66
- ISS-32P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 10 Feb 2009, 05:49:46 13 Feb 2009, 07:18 6 May 2009, 15:17 82 days, 7 h, 59 min 18 May 2009
37 Progress M-02M
- ISS-33P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 7 May 2009, 18:37:09 12 May 2009, 19:24:23 30 Jun 2009, 18:29:43 53 days, 23 h, 52 min 13 Jul 2009
38 Progress M-67
- ISS-34P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 24 Jul 2009, 10:56:53 29 Jul 2009, 11:12 21 Sep 2009, 07:25 53 days, 20 h, 13 min 27 Sep 2009
39 HTV-1  Japan Logistics H-IIB 10 Sep 2009, 17:01:56 17 Sep 2009, 22:12 30 Oct 2009, 15:18 42 days, 17 h, 6 min 1 Nov 2009
40 Progress M-03M
- ISS-35P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 15 Oct 2009, 01:14:37[13] 18 Oct 2009, 01:40 22 Apr 2010, 16:32[14] 186 days, 14 h, 52 min 27 Apr 2010
41 Poisk
- ISS-5R 		 Russia Airlock for EVA Soyuz-U 10 Nov 2009, 14:22:04 12 Nov 2009, 15:44[15] attached to ISS
Progress M-MIM2
- ISS-5R 		Delivered Poisk 8 Dec 2009, 00:16[16] 25 days, 8 h, 32 min 8 Dec 2009
42 Progress M-04M
- ISS-36P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 3 Feb 2010, 03:45:31[17] 5 Feb 2010, 04:26[18] 10 May 2010, 11:16[19] 94 days, 6 h, 50 min 1 Jul 2010
43 Progress M-05M
- ISS-37P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 28 Apr 2010, 17:15:09[20] 1 May 2010, 18:32[21] 25 Oct 2010, 14:22[22] 176 days, 19 h, 50 min 15 Nov 2010
44 Progress M-06M
- ISS-38P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 30 Jun 2010, 15:35:15[23] 4 Jul 2010, 16:17[24] 31 Aug 2010, 11:21[25] 57 days, 19 h, 4 min 6 Sep 2010
45 Progress M-07M
- ISS-39P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 10 Sep 2010, 10:22:58[26] 12 Sep 2010, 11:57[27] 20 Feb 2011, 13:12[28] 161 days, 1 h, 15 min 20 Feb 2011
46 Progress M-08M
- ISS-40P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 27 Oct 2010, 15:11:50[29] 30 Oct 2010, 16:36[30] 24 Jan 2011, 00:42[31] 85 days, 8 h, 6 min 24 Jan 2011
47 Kounotori 2
- HTV-2 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 22 Jan 2011, 05:37:57[32] 27 Jan 2011, 14:51[33][34] 28 Mar 2011, 13:43[35] 59 days, 22 h, 52 min 30 Mar 2011
48 Progress M-09M
- ISS-41P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 28 Jan 2011, 01:31:39[36] 30 Jan 2011, 02:39[37] 22 Apr 2011, 11:41[38] 82 days, 9 h, 2 min 26 Apr 2011
49 Johannes Kepler
- ATV-2 		 European Union Logistics Ariane 5ES 16 Feb 2011, 21:50:55[39] 24 Feb 2011, 15:59[40] 20 Jun 2011, 14:46[41] 115 days, 22 h, 47 min 21 Jun 2011
50 Progress M-10M
- ISS-42P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 27 Apr 2011, 13:05:22[42] 29 Apr 2011, 14:28[43] 29 Oct 2011, 09:04[44] 182 days, 18 h, 36 min 29 Oct 2011
51 Progress M-11M
- ISS-43P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 21 Jun 2011, 14:38:15[45] 23 Jun 2011, 16:37[46] 23 Aug 2011, 09:34[47] 60 days, 17 h, 0 min 1 Sep 2011
52 Progress M-12M
- ISS-44P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 24 Aug 2011, 13:00:08[48] Failed to reach orbit[49]
53 Progress M-13M
- ISS-45P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 30 Oct 2011, 10:11:13[50] 2 Nov 2011, 11:41[51] 23 Jan 2012, 22:09[52] 82 days, 10 h, 28 min 25 Jan 2012
54 Progress M-14M
- ISS-46P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 25 Jan 2012, 23:06:40[53] 28 Jan 2012, 00:09[54] 19 Apr 2012, 11:04[55] 82 days, 10 h, 55 min 28 Apr 2012
55 Edoardo Amaldi
- ATV-3 		 European Union Logistics Ariane 5ES 23 Mar 2012, 04:34:04[56] 28 Mar 2012, 22:31[57] 28 Sep 2012, 21:44[58] 183 days, 23 h, 13 min 3 Oct 2012
56 Progress M-15M
- ISS-47P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 20 Apr 2012, 12:50:24[59] 22 Apr 2012, 14:36[60] 22 Jul 2012, 20:26[61] 91 days, 5 h, 50 min 20 Aug 2012
29 Jul 2012, 01:01[62] 30 Jul 2012, 21:19[63] 1 day, 20 h, 18 min
57 Dragon C2+
- CRS SpX-D 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 22 May 2012, 07:44:38[64] 25 May 2012, 16:02[65] 31 May 2012, 08:07[66] 5 days, 16 h, 5 min 31 May 2012
58 Kounotori 3
- HTV-3 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 21 Jul 2012, 02:06:18[67] 27 Jul 2012, 14:34[68] 12 Sep 2012, 11:50[69] 46 days, 21 h, 16 min 14 Sep 2012
59 Progress M-16M
- ISS-48P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 1 Aug 2012, 19:35:13 2 Aug 2012, 01:18[70] 9 Feb 2013, 13:15 191 days, 11 h, 57 min 9 Feb 2013
60 SpaceX CRS-1
- CRS SpX-1 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 7 Oct 2012, 00:35:00[71] 10 Oct 2012, 13:03[72] 28 Oct 2012, 11:19[73] 17 days, 22 h, 16 min 28 Oct 2012
61 Progress M-17M
- ISS-49P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 31 Oct 2012, 07:41:19 31 Oct 2012, 13:33 15 Apr 2013, 12:02[74] 165 days, 22 h, 29 min 21 Apr 2013
62 Progress M-18M
- ISS-50P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 11 Feb 2013, 14:41:46 11 Feb 2013, 20:35 25 Jul 2013, 20:43 164 days, 8 min 26 Jul 2013
63 SpaceX CRS-2[75]
- CRS SpX-2 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 1 Mar 2013, 15:10:13 3 Mar 2013, 13:56 [76] 26 Mar 2013, 08:10 22 days, 18 h, 14 min 26 Mar 2013
64 Progress M-19M
- ISS-51P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 24 Apr 2013, 10:12:16 26 Apr 2013, 12:25 11 Jun 2013, 13:58 46 days, 1 h, 33 min 19 Jun 2013
65 Albert Einstein
- ATV-4 		 European Union Logistics Ariane 5ES 5 Jun 2013, 21:52:11[77] 15 Jun 2013, 14:07 28 Oct 2013, 08:55 134 days, 18 h, 48 min 2 Nov 2013
66 Progress M-20M
- ISS-52P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 27 Jul 2013, 20:45:08[78] 28 Jul 2013, 02:26 3 Feb 2014, 16:21 190 days, 13 h, 55 min 11 Feb 2014
67 Kounotori 4
- HTV-4 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 3 Aug 2013, 19:48:46 9 Aug 2013, 15:38[79] 4 Sep 2013, 12:07[80] 25 days, 20 h, 29 min 7 Sep 2013
68 Cygnus Orb-D1
- CRS Orb-D 		 United States Logistics Antares 110 18 Sep 2013, 14:58:02 29 Sep 2013, 12:44 22 Oct 2013, 10:04 22 days, 21 h, 20 min 23 Oct 2013
69 Progress M-21M
- ISS-53P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 25 Nov 2013, 20:53:06 29 Nov 2013, 22:30 23 Apr 2014, 08:58 144 days, 10 h, 28 min 9 Jun 2014
25 Apr 2014, 12:13 9 Jun 2014, 13:29 46 days, 1 h, 16 min
70 Cygnus CRS Orb-1
- CRS Orb-1 		 United States Logistics Antares 120 9 Jan 2014, 18:07:05 12 Jan 2014, 13:05 18 Feb 2014, 10:25 36 days, 21 h, 20 min 19 Feb 2014
71 Progress M-22M
- ISS-54P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 5 Feb 2014, 16:23:32 5 Feb 2014, 22:22 7 Apr 2014, 13:58 60 days, 15 h, 36 min 18 Apr 2014
72 Progress M-23M
- ISS-55P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 9 Apr 2014, 15:26:27 9 Apr 2014, 21:14 21 Jul 2014, 21:44 103 days, 0 h, 30 min 31 Jul 2014
73 SpaceX CRS-3
- CRS SpX-3 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 18 Apr 2014, 19:25:22 20 Apr 2014, 14:06 18 May 2014, 11:55 27 days, 21 h, 49 min 18 May 2014
74 Cygnus CRS Orb-2
- CRS Orb-2 		 United States Logistics Antares 120 13 Jul 2014, 16:52:14 16 Jul 2014, 12:53 15 Aug 2014, 09:14 29d 20h 21m 17 Aug 2014
75 Progress M-24M
- ISS-56P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 23 Jul 2014, 21:44:44 24 Jul 2014, 03:31 27 Oct 2014, 05:38 95d 2h 7m 19 Nov 2014
76 Georges Lemaître
- ATV-5 		 European Union Logistics Ariane 5ES 29 Jul 2014, 23:47:38 12 Aug 2014, 13:30 14 Feb 2015, 13:42 186d 12m 15 Feb 2015
77 SpaceX CRS-4
- CRS SpX-4 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 21 Sep 2014, 05:52:03 23 Sep 2014, 13:21 25 Oct 2014, 12:02 31d 22h 41m 25 Oct 2014
78 Cygnus CRS Orb-3
- CRS Orb-3 		 United States Logistics Antares 130 28 Oct 2014, 22:22:38 Failed to reach orbit
79 Progress M-25M
- ISS-57P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 29 Oct 2014, 07:09:43 29 Oct 2014, 13:08 25 Apr 2015, 06:41 177d 17h 33m 26 Apr 2015
80 SpaceX CRS-5
- CRS SpX-5 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 10 Jan 2015, 09:47:10 12 Jan 2015, 13:54 10 Feb 2015, 17:11 29d 3h 17m 11 Feb 2015
81 Progress M-26M
- ISS-58P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 17 Feb 2015, 11:00:17 17 Feb 2015, 16:57 14 Aug 2015, 10:19 177d 17h 22m 14 Aug 2015
82 SpaceX CRS-6
- CRS SpX-6 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 14 Apr 2015, 20:10:41 17 Apr 2015, 13:29 21 May 2015, 09:29 33d 20h 21 May 2015
83 Progress M-27M
- ISS-59P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 28 Apr 2015, 07:09:50 Spacecraft control failed before reaching ISS; loss of mission
84 SpaceX CRS-7
- CRS SpX-7 		 United States Logistics, docking adapter delivery Falcon 9 28 Jun 2015, 14:21:11 Failed to reach orbit
85 Progress M-28M
- ISS-60P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 3 Jul 2015,
04:55:48 		5 Jul 2015,
07:11 		19 Dec 2015, 07:35 167d 24m 19 Dec 2015
86 Kounotori 5
- HTV-5 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 19 Aug 2015, 11:50:49 24 Aug 2015, 17:28 28 Sep 2015, 11:12 34d 17h 44m 28 Sep 2015
87 Progress M-29M
- ISS-61P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 1 Oct 2015, 16:49:48 1 Oct 2015, 22:52 30 Mar 2016, 14:14 180d 15h 22m 8 Apr 2016
88 Cygnus CRS OA-4
- CRS OA-4 		 United States Logistics Atlas V 401 6 Dec 2015, 21:44:57 9 Dec 2015, 14:14 19 Feb 2016, 10:38 71d 20h 24m 20 Feb 2016
89 Progress MS-01
- ISS-62P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 21 Dec 2015, 08:44:39 23 Dec 2015, 10:27 3 Jul 2016, 03:48 192d 17h 21m 3 Jul 2016
90 Cygnus CRS OA-6
- CRS OA-6 		 United States Logistics Atlas V 401 22 Mar 2016, 03:05:52 26 Mar 2016, 14:52 14 Jun 2016, 11:43 79d 20h 51m 22 Jun 2016
91 Progress MS-02
- ISS-63P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 31 Mar 2016, 16:23:58 2 Apr 2016, 17:58 14 Oct 2016, 09:37 194d 15h 39m 14 Oct 2016
92 SpaceX CRS-8
- CRS SpX-8 		 United States Logistics, delivered Bigelow Expandable Activity Module (BEAM)[81] Falcon 9 8 Apr 2016, 20:43:00 10 Apr 2016, 13:57 11 May 2016, 11:00 [82] 30d 23h 22m 11 May 2016
93 Progress MS-03
- ISS-64P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 16 Jul 2016, 21:41:45 19 Jul 2016, 00:20 31 Jan 2017, 14:25 196d 14h 5m 31 Jan 2017
94 SpaceX CRS-9
- CRS SpX-9 		 United States Logistics, docking adapter delivery Falcon 9 18 Jul 2016, 04:45:29 20 Jul 2016, 14:00 25 Aug 2016, 21:00 36d 7h 26 Aug 2016
95 Cygnus CRS OA-5
- CRS OA-5 		 United States Logistics Antares 230 17 Oct 2016, 23:45:40 23 Oct 2016, 14:53 21 Nov 2016, 11:25 28d 20h 32m 28 Nov 2016
96 Progress MS-04
- ISS-65P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 1 Dec 2016, 14:51:45 Spacecraft separated from third stage before reaching orbit; loss of mission
97 Kounotori 6
- HTV-6 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 9 Dec 2016, 13:26:47 13 Dec 2016, 13:57 27 Jan 2017, 10:59 44d 21h 2m 5 Feb 2017
98 SpaceX CRS-10
- CRS SpX-10 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 19 Feb 2017, 09:38:58 23 Feb 2017 13:12[83] 18 Mar 2017, 21:20 23d 8h 8m 19 Mar 2017
99 Progress MS-05
- ISS-66P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-U 22 Feb 2017, 05:58:33 24 Feb 2017, 08:30 20 Jul 2017, 12:00 146d 3h 30m 20 Jul 2017
100 Cygnus CRS OA-7
- CRS OA-7 		 United States Logistics Atlas V 401 18 Apr 2017, 15:11:26 22 Apr 2017, 12:39 4 Jun 2017, 11:05 42d 22h 26m 11 Jun 2017
101 SpaceX CRS-11
- CRS SpX-11 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 3 Jun 2017, 21:07:17 5 Jun 2017, 16:07 2 Jul 2017, 18:00 27d 1h 53m 3 Jul 2017
102 Progress MS-06
- ISS-67P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 14 Jun 2017, 09:20:13 16 Jun 2017, 11:37 28 Dec 2017, 01:03:30 194d 13h 26m 28 Dec 2017
103 SpaceX CRS-12
- CRS SpX-12 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 14 Aug 2017, 16:31:00 16 Aug 2017, 10:52 17 Sep 2017, 08:40 31d 21h 48m 17 Sep 2017
104 Progress MS-07
- ISS-68P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 14 Oct 2017, 08:47:11 16 Oct 2017, 00:00 28 Mar 2018, 13:50 163d 13h 50m 26 Apr 2018
105 Cygnus CRS OA-8E
- CRS OA-8E 		 United States Logistics Antares 230 12 Nov 2017, 12:20:26 14 Nov 2017, 12:15 5 Dec 2017, 17:52 [84] 21d 5h 37m 18 Dec 2017
106 SpaceX CRS-13
- CRS SpX-13 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 15 Dec 2017, 15:36:00 17 Dec 2017, 13:26 12 Jan 2018, 10:47 25d 21h 21m 13 Jan 2018
107 Progress MS-08
- ISS-69P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 13 Feb 2018, 08:13:33 15 Feb 2018, 10:38 23 Aug 2018, 02:16 188d 15h 38m 30 Aug 2018
108 SpaceX CRS-14
- CRS SpX-14 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 2 Apr 2018, 20:30:38 4 Apr 2018, 13:00 5 May 2018 05:30 30d 16h 30m 5 May 2018
109 Cygnus CRS OA-9E
- CRS OA-9E 		 United States Logistics Antares 230 21 May 2018, 08:44:06 24 May 2018, 12:13 15 Jul 2018, 10:20 51d 22h 7m 30 Jul 2018
110 SpaceX CRS-15
- CRS SpX-15 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 29 Jun 2018, 09:42:42 2 Jul 2018, 10:54 3 Aug 2018, 16:38 32d 5h 44m 3 Aug 2018
111 Progress MS-09
- ISS-70P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 9 Jul 2018, 21:51:33 10 Jul 2018, 01:31 25 Jan 2019, 12:55 199d 11h 24m 25 Jan 2019
112 Kounotori 7
- HTV-7 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 22 Sep 2018, 17:52:27 27 Sep 2018, 12:00 6 Nov 2018, 23:32 40d 11h 32m 10 Nov 2018
113 Progress MS-10
- ISS-71P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-FG 16 Nov 2018, 18:14:08 18 Nov 2018, 19:28 4 Jun 2019, 08:40 197d 13h 12m 4 Jun 2019
114 Cygnus NG-10
- CRS NG-10E 		 United States Logistics Antares 230 17 Nov 2018, 09:01:31 19 Nov 2018, 12:31 8 Feb 2019, 14:37 81d 2h 6m 25 Feb 2019
115 SpaceX CRS-16
- CRS SpX-16 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 5 Dec 2018, 18:16 8 Dec 2018, 15:36 13 Jan 2019, 23:33 36d 7h 57m 14 Jan 2019
116 SpaceX Demo-1
- SpX-DM1 		 United States Test flight Falcon 9 Block 5 2 Mar 2019, 07:49 3 Mar 2019, 10:51 8 Mar 2019, 07:30 4d 20h 39m 8 Mar 2019, 13:45
117 Progress MS-11
- ISS-72P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 4 Apr 2019, 11:01:35 4 Apr 2019, 14:22 29 Jul 2019, 10:44 115d 20h 22m 29 Jul 2019
118 Cygnus NG-11
- CRS NG-11 		 United States Logistics Antares 230 17 Apr 2019, 20:46:07 19 Apr 2019, 11:31 6 Aug 2019, 13:30 109d 1h 59m 6 Dec 2019
119 SpaceX CRS-17
- CRS SpX-17 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 4 May 2019, 06:48 6 May 2019, 13:33 3 Jun 2019, 16:01 28d 2h 28m 3 Jun 2019
120 SpaceX CRS-18
- CRS SpX-18 		 United States Logistics, docking adapter delivery Falcon 9 Block 5 25 Jul 2019, 22:01:56 27 Jul 2019, 16:01 27 Aug 2019, 12:25 30d 20h 24m 27 Aug 2019
121 Progress MS-12
- ISS-73P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 31 Jul 2019, 12:10:46 31 Jul 2019, 15:29 29 Nov 2019, 10:25 120d 18h 56m 29 Nov 2019
122 Soyuz MS-14
- ISS-60S 		 Russia Test Flight Soyuz-2.1a 22 Aug 2019, 03:38:32 27 Aug 2019, 03:08 6 Sep 2019, 18:14 10d 15h 6m 6 Sep 2019
123 Kounotori 8
- HTV-8 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 24 Sep 2019, 16:05:05 28 Sep 2019, 14:09 1 Nov 2019, 13:45 33d 23h 36m 3 Nov 2019
124 Cygnus NG-12
- CRS NG-12 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 2 Nov 2019, 13:59:47 4 Nov 2019, 11:21 31 Jan 2020, 13:10 88d 4h 17 Mar 2020
125 SpaceX CRS-19
- CRS SpX-19 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 5 Dec 2019, 17:29:24 8 Dec 2019, 12:47 7 Jan 2020, 08:41 29d 19h 54m 7 Jan 2020
126 Progress MS-13
- ISS-74P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 6 Dec 2019, 09:34:24 9 Dec 2019, 10:35 8 July 2020, 18:22 212d 7h 48m 8 July 2020
127 Boeing Orbital Flight Test
- Boe-OFT 		 United States Test Flight Atlas V N22 20 Dec 2019, 11:36:43 Issue with spacecraft's mission elapsed time (MET) clock caused the spacecraft to burn into an incorrect orbit, preventing a rendezvous with the ISS 22 Dec 2019
128 Cygnus NG-13
- CRS NG-13 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 15 Feb 2020, 20:21:01 18 Feb 2020, 11:16 11 May 2020, 13:00 83d 1h 44m 29 May 2020
129 SpaceX CRS-20
- CRS SpX-20 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 7 Mar 2020, 04:52:46 9 Mar 2020, 12:18 7 Apr 2020, 10:30 28d 22h 12m 7 Apr 2020
130 Progress MS-14
- ISS-75P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 25 Apr 2020, 01:51:41 25 Apr 2020, 05:12 27 Apr 2021, 23:11 367d 17h 59m 29 Apr 2021
131 Kounotori 9
- HTV-9 		 Japan Logistics H-IIB 20 May 2020, 17:31:05 25 May 2020, 14:46 18 Aug 2020, 13:51 85d 1h 38m 20 Aug 2020
132 Progress MS-15
- ISS-76P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 23 Jul 2020, 14:26:21 23 Jul 2020, 17:45 9 Feb 2021, 05:21 200d 11h 36m 9 Feb 2021
133 Cygnus NG-14
- CRS NG-14 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 3 Oct 2020, 01:16:14 5 Oct 2020, 12:01 6 Jan 2021, 12:15 93d 14m 26 Jan 2021
134 SpaceX CRS-21
- CRS SpX-21 		 United States Logistics, delivered Nanoracks Bishop Airlock[85] Falcon 9 Block 5 6 Dec 2020, 16:17:46 7 Dec 2020, 18:40 12 Jan 2021, 14:05 35d 19h 25m 14 Jan 2021
135 Progress MS-16
- ISS-77P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 15 Feb 2021, 04:45:06 17 Feb 2021, 06:27 26 Jul 2021, 10:55 with Pirs 159d 4h 28m 26 Jul 2021 with Pirs
136 Cygnus NG-15
- CRS NG-15 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 20 Feb 2021, 17:36:50 22 Feb 2021, 12:16 29 Jun 2021, 13:20 127d 1h 4m 2 Jul 2021
137 iROSA 2B/4B
- CRS SpX-22 		 United States Solar Arrays Falcon 9 Block 5 3 Jun 2021, 17:29:15 5 Jun 2021, 09:09 attached to ISS
SpaceX CRS-22
- CRS SpX-22 		Logistics 8 Jul 2021, 14:45 33d 5h 36m 10 Jul 2021
138 Progress MS-17
- ISS-78P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 29 Jun 2021, 23:27:20 2 Jul 2021, 00:59 25 Nov 2021, 11:22 with Nauka's nadir passive port adapter 146d 10h 23m 25 Nov 2021 with Nauka's nadir passive port adapter
139 Nauka
- ISS-3R 		 Russia Multipurpose Laboratory module Proton-M 21 Jul 2021, 14:58 29 Jul 2021, 13:29 attached to ISS
Nauka

nadir docking adapter
- ISS-3R

SSPA-GM port adaptor of Nauka nadir 25 Nov 2021, 11:18 with Progress MS-17 118d 21h 53m 25 Nov 2021 with Progress MS-17
140 Cygnus NG-16
- CRS NG-16 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 10 Aug 2021, 22:01:05 12 Aug 2021, 10:07 20 Nov 2021, 13:40 100d 3h 33m 15 Dec 2021
141 SpaceX CRS-23
- CRS SpX-23 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 29 Aug 2021, 07:14:49 30 Aug 2021, 14:30 30 Sep 2021, 13:12 30d 22h 42m 1 Oct 2021
142 MLM Means of Attachment of Large payloads (LCCS part)
- ISS-79P 		 Russia[86][87] MLM outfitting for EVA Soyuz-2.1a 28 Oct 2021, 00:00:32 30 Oct 2021, 01:31 attached to ISS
Progress MS-18
- ISS-79P 		Logistics 1 Jun 2022, 08:03 214d 6h 32m 1 Jun 2022
143 Prichal
- ISS-6R 		 Russia Docking module Soyuz-2.1b 24 Nov 2021, 13:06:35 26 Nov 2021, 15:19 attached to ISS
Progress M-UM
- ISS-6R 		Delivered Prichal 22 Dec 2021, 23:03 26d 7h 44m 23 Dec 2021
144 SpaceX CRS-24
- CRS SpX-24 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 21 Dec 2021, 10:07:08 22 Dec 2021, 08:41 23 Jan 2022, 15:40 32d 6h 59m 24 Jan 2022
145 Progress MS-19
- ISS-80P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 15 Feb 2022, 04:25:40 17 Feb 2022, 07:03 23 Oct 2022, 22:45:34 248d 3h 42m 24 Oct 2022
146 Cygnus NG-17
- CRS NG-17 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 19 Feb 2022, 17:40:07 21 Feb 2022, 12:02 28 Jun 2022, 07:00 126d 18h 58m 29 Jun 2022
147 Boeing Orbital Flight Test 2
- Boe-OFT2 		 United States Test Flight Atlas V N22 19 May 2022, 22:54:47 21 May 2022, 00:28 25 May 2022, 18:36 4d 18h 8m 25 May 2022
148 Progress MS-20
- ISS-81P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 3 Jun 2022, 09:32:00 3 Jun 2022, 13:02 7 Feb 2023, 04:56 248d 15h 54m 7 Feb 2023
149 SpaceX CRS-25
- CRS SpX-25 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 15 Jul 2022, 00:44:20 16 Jul 2022, 15:21 19 Aug 2022, 15:05 33d 23h 44m 20 Aug 2022
150 MLM Means of Attachment of Large payloads (SCCS part)
- ISS-82P 		 Russia MLM outfitting for EVA Soyuz-2.1a 26 Oct 2022, 00:20:09 28 Oct 2022, 02:49 attached to ISS
Progress MS-21
- ISS-82P 		Logistics 18 Feb 2023, 02:26 112d 23h 37m 19 Feb 2023
151 Cygnus NG-18
- CRS NG-18 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 7 Nov 2022, 10:32:42 9 Nov 2022, 13:05 21 Apr 2023, 08:37 162d 19h 32m 22 Apr 2023
152 iROSA 3A/4A
- CRS SpX-26 		 United States Solar Arrays Falcon 9 Block 5 26 Nov 2022, 19:20:42 27 Nov 2022, 12:39 attached to ISS
SpaceX CRS-26
- CRS SpX-26 		Logistics 9 Jan 2023, 22:05 43d 9h 26m 11 Jan 2023
153 Progress MS-22
- ISS-83P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 9 Feb 2023, 06:15:36 11 Feb 2023, 08:45 20 Aug 2023 23:50 190d 15h 5m 21 Aug 2023
154 Soyuz MS-23
- ISS-69S
(Launched uncrewed,
landed crewed) 		 Russia Crew Return (Replacement vehicle) Soyuz-2.1a 24 Feb 2023, 00:24:29 26 Feb 2023, 00:58 27 Sep 2023, 07:15 213d 6h 17m 27 Sep 2023
155 SpaceX CRS-27
- CRS SpX-27 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 15 Mar 2023, 00:30 16 Mar 2023, 11:52 15 April 2023, 15:05 30d 3h 34m 15 April 2023
156 Progress MS-23
- ISS-84P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 24 May 2023, 15:56 24 May 2023, 16:19 29 Nov 2023, 07:55 188d 15h 36m 29 Nov 2023
157 SpaceX CRS-28
- CRS SpX-28 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 5 Jun 2023, 15:47 6 Jun 2023, 09:54 29 Jun 2023, 16:30 23d 6h 36m 30 Jun 2023
158 Cygnus NG-19
- CRS NG-19 		 United States Logistics Antares 230+ 2 Aug 2023, 00:31:14 4 Aug 2023, 12:28 22 Dec 2023, 10:00 139d 21h 32m 9 Jan 2024
159 Progress MS-24
- ISS-85P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 23 Aug 2023, 01:08 25 Aug 2023, 03:50 N/A 322d 9h 33m N/A
160 SpaceX CRS-29
- CRS SpX-29 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 10 Nov 2023, 01:28 11 Nov 2023, 10:07 21 Dec 2023, 22:05 40d 11h 58m 22 Dec 2023
161 Progress MS-25
- ISS-86P 		 Russia Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 1 Dec 2023, 09:25 3 Dec 2023, 11:15 N/A 222d 2h 8m N/A
162 Cygnus NG-20
- CRS NG-20 		 United States Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 30 Jan 2024, 17:07:13 1 Feb 2024, 13:30 N/A 161d 23h 53m N/A

^ For vehicles that are berthed to the station using the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) the times of berthing and unberthing are given. For those vehicles whose berthing and unberthing time is not sure is not provided, SSRMS capture and release is taken. This is because these vehicles remain physically attached to the station longer than indicated when counting the time between initial SSRMS capture and release. Formerly, the Japanese HTV and the SpaceX Dragon and currently, the Orbital Sciences Cygnus are the visiting vehicles to attach in this manner. For all other vehicles the times of docking and undocking are given.

Future spaceflights

Scheduled future flights are shown below:

Spacecraft ISS flight number Mission Launcher Scheduled date
(UTC)[88][89][90]
Cygnus NG-20 CRS NG-20 Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 29 January 2024
Progress MS-26 ISS-87P Logistics Soyuz-2.1a February 2024
SpaceX CRS-30 CRS SpX-30 Logistics Falcon 9 Block 5 4 March 2024
SNC Demo-1 ISS-SNC-1 Logistics Vulcan Centaur VC4L April 2024
Progress MS-27 ISS-88P Logistics Soyuz-2.1a 3 June 2024

See also

External links

References

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  2. ↑ "ESA;— ATV;— Crew role in mission control". Esa.int. 2011-03-02. http://www.esa.int/esaMI/ATV/SEMBW0PR4CF_0.html. 
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  73. ↑ "ISS On-Orbit Status 10/28/12". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/heo/reports/iss_reports/2012/10282012.html. 
  74. ↑ "Russian Cargo Craft Departs". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 13 April 2015. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition35/e35_041513.html. 
  75. ↑ Nasa news conference on the Dragon launch
  76. ↑ "Dragon Docking With Station Set for Sunday". NASA. 2 Mar 2013. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/living/launch/crs_rss_feed_collection_archive_1.html. 
  77. ↑ "Europe's Heaviest Cargo Ship Launched to Space Station". European Space Agency. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/ATV/Europe_s_heaviest_cargo_ship_launched_to_Space_Station. 
  78. ↑ "Russian Cargo Craft Launches on Expedited Trip to Station". NASA. 13 April 2015. http://www.nasa.gov/content/russian-cargo-craft-launches-on-expedited-trip-to-station/. 
  79. ↑ "Japan’s HTV-4 successfully berths with the ISS", Aug 9, 2013. Retrieved Aug 9, 2013.
  80. ↑ "Station Releases a White Stork and Awaits a Swan". NASA. 13 April 2015. http://www.nasa.gov/content/station-releases-a-white-stork-and-awaits-a-swan/. 
  81. ↑ "NASA tries an inflatable room on the space station, likes it". 3 October 2017. https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/10/nasa-tries-an-inflatable-room-on-the-space-station-likes-it/. 
  82. ↑ "ISS welcomes CRS-8 Dragon after flawless launch". 9 April 2016. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2016/04/iss-crs-8-dragon-arrival-flawless-launch/. 
  83. ↑ "Dragon Berthed at Harmony Node 2 Module Earth Facing Port". NASA. 23 Feb 2017. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2017/02/flawless-spx-10-dragon-rendezvous-berthing-station/. 
  84. ↑ "Cygnus OA-8 Cargo Craft Departs ISS after Three-Week Stay for CubeSat Deployment & Re-Entry". 6 December 2017. https://spaceflight101.com/cygnus-oa8/cygnus-oa-8-cargo-craft-departs-iss/. 
  85. ↑ "BISHOP AIRLOCK - The Commercial Gateway To Space". https://nanoracks.com/bishop-airlock/. 
  86. ↑ "Schedule of ISS flight events (part 2)". https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=32006.msg2391098#msg2391098. 
  87. ↑ "Год "Науки" на МКС" (in ru). Roscosmos. 2022-07-29. https://www.roscosmos.ru/38032/. 
  88. ↑ Clark, Stephen (1 April 2023). "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now. https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/. 
  89. ↑ "Microgravity Research Flights". Glenn Research Center. NASA. 17 August 2022. https://www1.grc.nasa.gov/space/iss-research/microgravity-research-flights/. 
  90. ↑ "РАСПИСАНИЕ ЗАПУСКОВ 2023" (in ru). RocketTrip. https://kosmodrom.space/raspisanie-zapuskov. 



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