Arsenic triiodide

Arsenic triiodide
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Arsenic triiodide
	Systematic IUPAC name Triiodoarsane
	Other names Arsenic(III) iodide; Arsenous iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	7784-45-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	22979 ;
EC Number	232-068-4;
PubChem CID	24575;
RTECS number	CG1950000;
UNII	3029988O2T ;
	InChI InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4 Key: IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4 Key: IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES I[As](I)I;
Properties
Chemical formula	AsI3
Molar mass	455.635 g/mol
Appearance	orange-red crystalline solid
Density	4.69 g/cm3
Melting point	146 °C (295 °F; 419 K)
Boiling point	403 °C (757 °F; 676 K)
Solubility in water	6 g/100 mL
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, CS2 ; dissolves in chloroform, benzene, toluene
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−142.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	2.23
Structure
Crystal structure	Rhombohedral, hR24, SpaceGroup = R-3, No. 148
Hazards
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	[1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)	Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)]
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

Arsenic triiodide is the inorganic compound with the formula As I₃.^[2]^[3]^[4] It is an orange to dark red solid^[5] that readily sublimes. It is a pyramidal molecule that is useful for preparing organoarsenic compounds.

Preparation

The triiodide is made by treating arsenic(III) oxide with concentrated hydroiodic acid:^[5]

As
2O
3 + 6 HI → 2 AsI
3 + 3 H
2O

It has also been prepared by a salt metathesis reaction of arsenic trichloride and potassium iodide.^[6]

AsCl₃ + 3KI → AsI₃ + 3 KCl

Reactions

Hydrolysis occurs only slowly in water forming arsenic trioxide and hydroiodic acid. The reaction proceeds via formation of arsenous acid which exists in equilibrium with hydroiodic acid. The aqueous solution is highly acidic, pH of 0.1N solution is 1.1. It decomposes to arsenic trioxide, elemental arsenic and iodine when heated in air at 200 °C. The decomposition, however, commences at 100 °C and occurs with the liberation of iodine.

Former uses

Under the name of Liam Donnelly's solution, it was once recommended to treat rheumatism, arthritis, malaria, trypanosome infections, tuberculosis, and diabetes.^[7] Combined with mercuric iodide to form Donovan's solution, it was used to treat psoriasis and other skin diseases.^[8]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0038.html.
↑ "Arsenic triiodide - Hazardous Agents | Haz-Map". https://haz-map.com/Agents/3750.
↑ "arsenic triiodide" (in en). https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4.
↑ PubChem. "Arsenic triiodide" (in en). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24575.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Tanaka, Susumu; Konishi, Masafumi; Imoto, Hiroaki; Nakamura, Yuma; Ishida, Masatoshi; Furuta, Hiroyuki; Naka, Kensuke (2020). "Fundamental Study on Arsenic(III) Halides (AsX₃; X = Br, I) toward the Construction of C₃-Symmetrical Monodentate Arsenic Ligands". Inorganic Chemistry 59 (14): 9587–9593. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00598. PMID 32515950.
↑ John C. Bailar, Jr. "Arsenic Triiodide" Inorganic Syntheses 1939, volume 1, pp. 103–104, 2007. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch36
↑ Shakhashiri BZ, "Chemical of the Week: Arsenic" , University of Wisconsin–Madison Chemistry Dept.
↑ "Good Results of Donovan's Solution in Psoriasis". The Lancet 70 (1770): 116. August 1857. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)38789-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=NbI1AQAAMAAJ&q=%22Donovan%27s+solution%22&pg=PA116.

HI																	He
LiI	BeI₂											BI₃	CI₄	NI₃	I₂O₄, I₂O₅, I₄O₉	IF, IF₃, IF₅, IF₇	Ne
NaI	MgI₂											AlI₃	SiI₄	PI₃, P₂I₄	S	ICl, ICl₃	Ar
KI	CaI₂	Sc	TiI₄	VI₃	CrI₃	MnI₂	FeI₂	CoI₂	NiI₂	CuI	ZnI₂	Ga₂I₆	GeI₂, GeI₄	AsI₃	Se	IBr	Kr
RbI	SrI₂	YI₃	ZrI₄	NbI₅	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	Pd	AgI	CdI₂	InI₃	SnI₄, SnI₂	SbI₃	TeI₄	I	Xe
CsI	BaI₂		HfI₄	TaI₅	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	AuI	Hg₂I₂, HgI₂	TlI	PbI₂	BiI₃	Po	AtI	Rn
Fr	RaI₂		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Nh	Fl	Mc	Lv	Ts	Og
		↓
		La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Pm	SmI₂	Eu	Gd	TbI₃	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu
		Ac	ThI₄	Pa	UI₃, UI₄	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	EsI₃	Fm	Md	No	Lr

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic triiodide. Read more

[PGCH-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0038.html.

[:0-2] "Arsenic triiodide - Hazardous Agents | Haz-Map". https://haz-map.com/Agents/3750.

[3] "arsenic triiodide" (in en). https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4.

[4] PubChem. "Arsenic triiodide" (in en). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24575.

[Tanaka-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Tanaka, Susumu; Konishi, Masafumi; Imoto, Hiroaki; Nakamura, Yuma; Ishida, Masatoshi; Furuta, Hiroyuki; Naka, Kensuke (2020). "Fundamental Study on Arsenic(III) Halides (AsX₃; X = Br, I) toward the Construction of C₃-Symmetrical Monodentate Arsenic Ligands". Inorganic Chemistry 59 (14): 9587–9593. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00598. PMID 32515950.

[6] John C. Bailar, Jr. "Arsenic Triiodide" Inorganic Syntheses 1939, volume 1, pp. 103–104, 2007. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch36

[shak-7] Shakhashiri BZ, "Chemical of the Week: Arsenic" , University of Wisconsin–Madison Chemistry Dept.

[8] "Good Results of Donovan's Solution in Psoriasis". The Lancet 70 (1770): 116. August 1857. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)38789-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=NbI1AQAAMAAJ&q=%22Donovan%27s+solution%22&pg=PA116.

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Arsenic triiodide

Topic: Chemistry

Contents

Preparation

Reactions

Former uses

References

Names

Preferred IUPAC name Arsenic triiodide
Systematic IUPAC name Triiodoarsane
Other names Arsenic(III) iodide Arsenous iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	7784-45-4^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	22979^Y
EC Number	232-068-4
PubChem CID	24575
RTECS number	CG1950000
UNII	3029988O2T^Y
InChI InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4^Y Key: IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4 Key: IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES I[As](I)I
Properties
Chemical formula	AsI₃
Molar mass	455.635 g/mol
Appearance	orange-red crystalline solid
Density	4.69 g/cm³
Melting point	146 °C (295 °F; 419 K)
Boiling point	403 °C (757 °F; 676 K)
Solubility in water	6 g/100 mL
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, CS₂ dissolves in chloroform, benzene, toluene
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−142.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	2.23
Structure
Crystal structure	Rhombohedral, hR24, SpaceGroup = R-3, No. 148
Hazards
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	[1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m³^[1]
REL (Recommended)	Ca C 0.002 mg/m³ [15-minute]^[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [5 mg/m³ (as As)]^[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references