Copper benzoate

Copper benzoate
Names
	IUPAC name copper dibenzoate
	Other names cupric benzoate
Identifiers
CAS Number	533-01-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Chinese lantern structure: Interactive image;
ChemSpider	144339 ;
PubChem CID	164650;
UNII	1M9U62M4WK ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2C7H6O2.Cu/c28-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6;/h21-5H,(H,8,9);/q;;+2/p-2 Key: YEOCHZFPBYUXMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/2C7H6O2.Cu/c28-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6;/h21-5H,(H,8,9);/q;;+2/p-2 Key: YEOCHZFPBYUXMC-NUQVWONBAX;
	SMILES [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)c1ccccc1.[O-]C(=O)c1ccccc1; Chinese lantern structure: c0ccccc0[C-](O[Cu+2]123)O[Cu+2](O[C-](O1)c0ccccc0)(O[C-](O2)c0ccccc0)O[C-](O3)c0ccccc0;
Properties
Chemical formula	C; 14H; 10CuO; 4; C; 14H; 12CuO; 5 (dihydrate);
Molar mass	305.77 g/mol; 323.795 g/mol (dihydrate);
Appearance	blue solid
Density	1.197 g/cm3
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Warning
GHS hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
GHS precautionary statements	PP261Script error: No such module "Preview warning".Category:GHS errors, PP305+P351+P338Script error: No such module "Preview warning".Category:GHS errors
Flash point	111.4 °C (232.5 °F; 384.5 K)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):Template:Chembox NIOSH (set)/formatPocketGuideLink
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)
Related compounds
Other anions	Copper aspirinate; Copper salicylate;
Other cations	Sodium benzoate; Potassium benzoate;
Related compounds	Phenylcopper
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

Copper benzoate describes chemical compound with the formula Cu(C
6H
5CO
2)
2(H
2O)
n. They consist of coordination complexes derived from the cupric ion and the conjugate base of benzoic acid. Many derivatives are known with diverse ancillary ligands.^[3]

Structure

Copper(II) benzoate exists in at least two structural forms, depending on the degree of hydration. Resembling copper(II) acetate, one form of copper benzoate adopts a "Chinese lantern" structure,^[4] wherein a pair of copper centers are linked by four bridging carboxylate ligands. Typically, one site on each copper center is occupied by water, which can be replaced by other ligands.^[5] A hydrated form is also known, wherein each Cu(II) centre is bound to four water ligands and a bidentate O, O-benzoate.^[6]

Preparation

Trihydrate

Copper benzoate trihydrate can be made by combining aqueous solutions of sodium benzoate and copper sulfate, forming a pale blue precipitate:^[7]

4 K(C
6H
5CO
2) + 2 CuSO
4 · 5H₂O → Cu
2(C
6H
5CO
2)
4(H
2O)
2 + 2 K
2SO
4 + 8 H
2O

Anhydrous forms

The "α form" of the anhydrous compound is prepared by vacuum desiccation of the trihydrate at 95 °C with phosphorus pentoxide.^[7] The "β form" is obtained by heating the monoethanol derivative in air at 90 °C.^[7] The "γ form" is obtained by heating the monoethanol derivative in boiling carbon tetrachloride for a few hours.^[7] All are described as "blue-green crystalline powders."

Uses

It has found some niche use as a combination fuel and source of copper ion for blue light production in fireworks.^[8] It is not on the list of chemicals approved in consumer fireworks in the US.^[9]

It is also used in two-part dental adhesives, in polyester resin compositions to increase thermal resistance and decrease gelation, and as a metal-based hydrogen sulfide scavenger in asphalt.^[1]

Related compounds

Tetrakis[copper(I) benzoate]

A tetrakis[copper(I) benzoate] has been characterized.^[10]^[11]

Addition compounds

Copper(II) benzoate forms many addition compounds. Examples include copper(II) benzoate mono(benzoic acid) and the adducts with ethanol and urea.^[7]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 "Copper Benzoate SDS". Dr. J. Pharmachem Pvt. Ltd.. https://www.jpharmachem.com/content/uploads/2023/12/copper-benzoate-msds.pdf.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Benzoic acid, copper (II) salt dihydrate.
↑ Rajakannu, Palanisamy; Kaleeswaran, Dhananjayan; Banerjee, Subarna; Butcher, Ray J.; Murugavel, Ramaswamy (2019-02-24). "Effect of benzoic acid substituents and additional functional groups of ancillary ligands in modulating the nuclearity and aggregation behavior of transition metal carboxylates". Inorganica Chimica Acta 486: 283–293. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2018.10.054. ISSN 0020-1693. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002016931831421X.
↑ Wells, A. F. (1984). Structural inorganic chemistry (5th ed.). Oxford [Oxfordshire] : New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press. pp. 1131. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
↑ Kawata, T.; Uekusa, H.; Ohba, S.; Furukawa, T.; Tokii, T.; Muto, Y.; Kato, M. (1 June 1992). "Magneto-structural correlation in dimeric copper(II) benzoates". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 48 (3): 253–261. doi:10.1107/S0108768191012697.
↑ Koizumi, Hideo; Osaki, Kenji; Watanabé, Tokunosuké (1963). "Crystal Structure of Cupric Benzoate Trihydrate Cu(C₆H₅COO)₂3H₂O". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 18 (1): 117–124. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.18.117. Bibcode: 1963JPSJ...18..117K.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 Inoue, Motomichi; Kishita, Michihiko; Kubo, Masaji (1964-02-01). "Magnetic Moments of Copper(II) Salicylate, Copper(II) Benzoate, and Some Related Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry 3 (2): 239–242. doi:10.1021/ic50012a022. ISSN 0020-1669. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50012a022.
↑ "Formulas For Firework Stars Using Copper Benzoate" (in en). https://www.skylighter.com/blogs/how-to-make-fireworks/copper-benzoate-blue-fireworks-stars.
↑ "Approved and Prohibited Fireworks Chemicals". US Department of Transportation. https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/sites/phmsa.dot.gov/files/docs/approvals-and-permits/hazmat/energetic-materials-approvals/18306/list-approved-and-prohibited-fireworks-chemicals.pdf.
↑ Drew, Michael G. B.; Edwards, Dennis A.; Richards, Roger (1977-01-01). "Crystal and molecular structure of tetrakis[copper(I) benzoate"] (in en). Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (3): 299–303. doi:10.1039/DT9770000299. ISSN 1364-5447. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1977/dt/dt9770000299.
↑ Edwards, Dennis A.; Richards, Roger (1973-01-01). "Copper(I) carboxylates: preparations and infrared and mass spectral features" (in en). Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (22): 2465. doi:10.1039/DT9730002463. ISSN 1364-5447. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1973/dt/dt9730002463.

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper benzoate. Read more

[JPharma-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 "Copper Benzoate SDS". Dr. J. Pharmachem Pvt. Ltd.. https://www.jpharmachem.com/content/uploads/2023/12/copper-benzoate-msds.pdf.

[SigmaAldrich-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Benzoic acid, copper (II) salt dihydrate.

[3] Rajakannu, Palanisamy; Kaleeswaran, Dhananjayan; Banerjee, Subarna; Butcher, Ray J.; Murugavel, Ramaswamy (2019-02-24). "Effect of benzoic acid substituents and additional functional groups of ancillary ligands in modulating the nuclearity and aggregation behavior of transition metal carboxylates". Inorganica Chimica Acta 486: 283–293. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2018.10.054. ISSN 0020-1693. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002016931831421X.

[4] Wells, A. F. (1984). Structural inorganic chemistry (5th ed.). Oxford [Oxfordshire] : New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press. pp. 1131. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.

[5] Kawata, T.; Uekusa, H.; Ohba, S.; Furukawa, T.; Tokii, T.; Muto, Y.; Kato, M. (1 June 1992). "Magneto-structural correlation in dimeric copper(II) benzoates". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 48 (3): 253–261. doi:10.1107/S0108768191012697.

[6] Koizumi, Hideo; Osaki, Kenji; Watanabé, Tokunosuké (1963). "Crystal Structure of Cupric Benzoate Trihydrate Cu(C₆H₅COO)₂3H₂O". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 18 (1): 117–124. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.18.117. Bibcode: 1963JPSJ...18..117K.

[Inoue-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 Inoue, Motomichi; Kishita, Michihiko; Kubo, Masaji (1964-02-01). "Magnetic Moments of Copper(II) Salicylate, Copper(II) Benzoate, and Some Related Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry 3 (2): 239–242. doi:10.1021/ic50012a022. ISSN 0020-1669. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50012a022.

[8] "Formulas For Firework Stars Using Copper Benzoate" (in en). https://www.skylighter.com/blogs/how-to-make-fireworks/copper-benzoate-blue-fireworks-stars.

[9] "Approved and Prohibited Fireworks Chemicals". US Department of Transportation. https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/sites/phmsa.dot.gov/files/docs/approvals-and-permits/hazmat/energetic-materials-approvals/18306/list-approved-and-prohibited-fireworks-chemicals.pdf.

[10] Drew, Michael G. B.; Edwards, Dennis A.; Richards, Roger (1977-01-01). "Crystal and molecular structure of tetrakis[copper(I) benzoate"] (in en). Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (3): 299–303. doi:10.1039/DT9770000299. ISSN 1364-5447. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1977/dt/dt9770000299.

[Edwards-11] Edwards, Dennis A.; Richards, Roger (1973-01-01). "Copper(I) carboxylates: preparations and infrared and mass spectral features" (in en). Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (22): 2465. doi:10.1039/DT9730002463. ISSN 1364-5447. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1973/dt/dt9730002463.

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