Germanite

Germanite
	Germanite, probably from the Tsumeb Mine, Oshikoto Region, Namibia.
General
Category	Sulfide mineral
Formula; (repeating unit)	Cu26Ge4Fe4S32
Strunz classification	2.CB.30
Dana classification	2.9.4.2
Crystal system	Isometric
Crystal class	Hextetrahedral (43m) ; H-M symbol: (4 3m)
Space group	P43n
Identification
Color	Reddish grey tarnishing to dark brown
Crystal habit	Usually massive; rarely as minute cubic crystals
Cleavage	None
Tenacity	Brittle
Mohs scale hardness	4
\|re\|er}}	Metallic
Streak	Dark grey to black
Diaphaneity	Opaque
Specific gravity	4.4 to 4.6
Other characteristics	Cell data: a = 10.585 Å Z = 1
References

Germanite is a rare copper iron germanium sulfide mineral, Cu₂₆Fe₄Ge₄S₃₂. It was first discovered in 1922, and named for its germanium content.^[2] It is only a minor source of this important semiconductor element, which is mainly derived from the processing of the zinc sulfide mineral sphalerite.^[6] Germanite contains gallium, zinc, molybdenum, arsenic, and vanadium as impurities.^[2]

Its type locality is the Tsumeb Mine in Namibia where it occurs in a hydrothermal polymetallic ore deposit in dolomite in association with renierite, pyrite, tennantite, enargite, galena, sphalerite, digenite, bornite and chalcopyrite.^[4] It has also been reported from Argentina , Armenia, Bulgaria, Cuba, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire), Finland , France , Greece, Japan , Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), Russia and the United States .^[2]

X-Ray Powder Diffraction^[7]
d spacing	3.05	2.65	1.87	1.60	1.32	1.21	1.08	1.02
relative intensity	10	1	7	4	1	2	2	1

References

↑ American Mineralogist (1984) 69:943-947
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 http://www.mindat.org/min-1681.html Mindat.org
↑ http://webmineral.com/data/Germanite.shtml Webmineral
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/germanite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy
↑ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine 85 (3): 291–320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. Bibcode: 2021MinM...85..291W.
↑ U.S. Geological Survey (2008), "Germanium—Statistics and Information", U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/germanium/
↑ Dana's New Mineralogy, 8th edition, Gaines et al., Wiley

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[1] American Mineralogist (1984) 69:943-947

[Mindat-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 http://www.mindat.org/min-1681.html Mindat.org

[Webmin-3] ttp://webmineral.com/data/Germanite.shtml Webmineral

[Handbook-4] 4.0 ^4.1 http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/germanite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy

[5] Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine 85 (3): 291–320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. Bibcode: 2021MinM...85..291W.

[6] U.S. Geological Survey (2008), "Germanium—Statistics and Information", U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/germanium/

[7] Dana's New Mineralogy, 8th edition, Gaines et al., Wiley

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Germanite

Topic: Chemistry

References