Lanthanum hydroxide

Lanthanum(III) hydroxide
	; __ La3+ __ OH−
Names
	IUPAC name Lanthanum(III) hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	14507-19-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	119053;
EC Number	238-510-2;
PubChem CID	135111;
UNII	7PTY21U5YN ;
	InChI InChI=1S/La.3H2O/h;3*1H2 Key: YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
	SMILES [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[La+3];
Properties
Chemical formula	La(OH)3
Molar mass	189.93 g/mol
Solubility in water	Ksp= 2.00·10−21
Structure
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Space group	P63/m, No. 176
Lattice constant	a = 6.547 Å, c = 3.854 Å
Hazards
Main hazards	Irritant
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H314
GHS precautionary statements	P260, P264, P280, P301+330+331, P303+361+353, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 W
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Lanthanum(III) chloride
Other cations	Cerium(III) hydroxide; Actinium(III) hydroxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	(what is ?)
	Infobox references

Lanthanum hydroxide is La(OH)₃, a hydroxide of the rare-earth element lanthanum.

Synthesis

Lanthanum hydroxide can be obtained by adding an alkali such as ammonia to aqueous solutions of lanthanum salts such as lanthanum nitrate. This produces a gel-like precipitate that can then be dried in air.^[2]

La(NO
3)
3 + 3 NH
4OH → La(OH)
3 + 3 NH
4NO
3

Alternatively, it can be produced by hydration reaction (addition of water) to lanthanum oxide.^[3]

La
2O
3 + 3 H
2O → 2 La(OH)
3

Characteristics

Lanthanum hydroxide does not react much with alkaline substances, however is slightly soluble in acidic solution.^[2] In temperatures above 330 °C it decomposes into lanthanum oxide hydroxide (LaOOH), which upon further heating decomposes into lanthanum oxide (La
2O
3):^[4]

La(OH)
3 [math]\displaystyle{ \mathrm{ \xrightarrow [-H_2O]{330\ ^{o}C} \ } }[/math] LaOOH

2 LaOOH [math]\displaystyle{ \mathrm{\xrightarrow [-H_2O]{\Delta} \ } }[/math] La
2O
3

Lanthanum hydroxide crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system. Each lanthanum ion in the crystal structure is surrounded by nine hydroxide ions in a tricapped trigonal prism.^[5]

References

↑ "C&L Inventory". https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/123392.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 E.V. Shkolnikov (2009). "Thermodynamic Characterization of the Amphoterism of Hydroxides and Oxides of Scandium Subgroup Elements in Aqueous Media". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 82 (2): 2098–2104. doi:10.1134/S1070427209120040.
↑ Ding, Jiawen; Wu, Yanli; Sun, Weili; Li, Yongxiu (2006). "Preparation of La(OH)3 and La2O3 with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La2O3". Journal of Rare Earths 24 (4): 440–442. doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(06)60139-7.
↑ Michael E. Brown, Patrick Kent Gallagher (2008). Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. Elsevier. p. 482. ISBN 978-0-44453123-0.
↑ Beall, G.W.; Milligan, W.O.; Wolcott, Herbert A. (1977). "Structural trends in the lanthanide trihydroxides" (in en). Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry 39 (1): 65–70. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X.

External links

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[1] "C&L Inventory". https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/123392.

[Shkolnikov2009-2] 2.0 ^2.1 E.V. Shkolnikov (2009). "Thermodynamic Characterization of the Amphoterism of Hydroxides and Oxides of Scandium Subgroup Elements in Aqueous Media". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 82 (2): 2098–2104. doi:10.1134/S1070427209120040.

[3] Ding, Jiawen; Wu, Yanli; Sun, Weili; Li, Yongxiu (2006). "Preparation of La(OH)3 and La2O3 with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La2O3". Journal of Rare Earths 24 (4): 440–442. doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(06)60139-7.

[4] Michael E. Brown, Patrick Kent Gallagher (2008). Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. Elsevier. p. 482. ISBN 978-0-44453123-0.

[5] Beall, G.W.; Milligan, W.O.; Wolcott, Herbert A. (1977). "Structural trends in the lanthanide trihydroxides" (in en). Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry 39 (1): 65–70. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X.

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Lanthanum hydroxide

Topic: Chemistry

Contents

Synthesis

Characteristics

References

External links

Names
__ La³⁺ __ OH⁻
IUPAC name Lanthanum(III) hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	14507-19-8^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	119053
EC Number	238-510-2
PubChem CID	135111
UNII	7PTY21U5YN^Y
InChI InChI=1S/La.3H2O/h;3*1H2 Key: YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SMILES [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[La+3]
Properties
Chemical formula	La(OH)₃
Molar mass	189.93 g/mol
Solubility in water	K_sp= 2.00·10⁻²¹
Structure
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Space group	P6₃/m, No. 176
Lattice constant	a = 6.547 Å, c = 3.854 Å
Hazards
Main hazards	Irritant
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H314
GHS precautionary statements	P260, P264, P280, P301+330+331, P303+361+353, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 W
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Lanthanum(III) chloride
Other cations	Cerium(III) hydroxide Actinium(III) hydroxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references