Silicate carbonate

The silicate carbonates are double salts that contain both silicate and carbonate in their formula. Most compounds are natural minerals containing calcium or rare earth elements. However, some have been made experimentally. Silicate carbonate minerals can be formed in limestone metamorphosed by heating from igneous intrusions.^[1] Scawtite forms where the activity of calcium is high compared to H⁺. Spurrite forms in a limited range of calcium activity and high silica activity.^[2] In magma, a carbonate rich melt is imiscible with a silicate melt.^[3]

Structures

Silicate carbonates contain carbonate triangles, and silicate tetrahedrons, SiO₄. Tillyite contains disilicate Si₂O₇ units.^[1]

Properties

List

Thaumasite prisms

formula	name	structure	comment	ref
Ca₄Si₂O₆(OH)₂(CO₃)	fukalite			^[4]
Ca₅(SiO₄)₂(CO₃)	spurrite			^[5]
Ca₅(Si₂O₇)(CO₃)₂	tilleyite	monoclinic =7.582 Å, b=10.265 Å, c =15.030 Å β=103.99°		^[1]
Ca₅(Si₂O₇)(CO₃)₂	post-Tilleyite			^[1]
Ca₆(CO₃)_1.58(Si₂O₇)_0.21(OH)₇Cl_0.5(OH)_0.08 (H₂O)_0.42	deferenite			^[6]
Ca₇(SiO₄)₃(CO₃)	galuskinite			^[1]
Ca₇(Si₆O₁₈)(CO₃)·2H₂O	scawtite			^[1]
Ca₃Si(OH)₆(CO₃)(SO₄)•12H₂O	thaumasite	Hexagonal a = 11.03, c = 10.4		^[7]
Na₇Ca[Al₆Si₆O₂₄](CO₃)1.5•2H₂O	cancrinite	hexagonal a = 12.67 c = 5.15		^[8]
(Ca₄Al₆Si₆O₂₄CO₃)	meionite	tetragonal I4/m a = 12.179, c = 7.571, Z = 2		^[9]
(Ca,Na)₄Al₆Si₆O₂₄(SO₄,CO₃)	silvialite
	scapolite			^[10]
K₂Ca[Si₂O₅](CO₃)		P6₃22 a = 5.0479 c = 17.8668	artificial	^[6]
KNa₄Ca₄[Si₈O₁₈](CO₃)₄F·H₂O	carletonite			^[6]
Y₂(SiO₄)(CO₃)	iimoriite-(Y)	triclinic P1_ a=6.549 b=6.629 c=6.4395 α=116.36° β=92.56° γ=195.507°		^[11]
Ca₂Y₂[SiO₃]₄(CO₃)·H₂O	kainosite			^[6]
Ca₄Y₄[Si₂O₅]₄(CO₃)₆·7H₂O	caysichite			^[6]
K₅Na₅Y₁₂[Si₂O₅]₁₄(CO₃)₈(OH)₂·8H₂O	ashcroftine			^[6]
Na₂Ba₂FeTi[Si₂O₇](CO₃) (OH)₃F	bussenite			^[6]
Ba₆Fe₃[Si₈O₂₃](CO₃)₂Cl₃·H₂O	fencooperite			^[6]
La₂Mn(CO₃)(Si₂O₇)	alexkuznetsovite-(La)	P2₁/c Z = 4 a = 6.5642 b = 6.7689 c = 18.721 Å, β = 108.684° V = 788.00 Å³		^[12]
La₂Fe²⁺(CO₃)(Si₂O₇)	biraite-(La)	P2₁/c Z = 4 a = 6.566 b = 6.767 c = 18.698 Å, β = 108.95° V = 785.7 Å³		^[12]
Ce₂Mn(CO₃)(Si₂O₇)	alexkuznetsovite-(Ce)	P2₁/c Z = 4 a = 6.5764 b = 6.7685 c = 18.749 Å, β = 108.672° V =790.7 Å³		^[12]
Ce₂Fe²⁺[Si₂O₇](CO₃)	biraite	monoclinic P2₁/c, a 6.505 b 6.744 c 18.561 β=108.75°		^[6]^[13]
Na₂Ce₂TiO₂[SiO₄](CO₃)₂	tundrite			^[6]
(Y_1.44Er_0.56)[SiO₄](CO₃)	iimorite			^[6]
Pb_19.4Na_1.9[Si₁₀O₂₅](CO₃)₉(OH)_12.7			artificial	^[14]
Cu₄Pb₄[SiO₃](HCO₃)₄)OH)₄Cl	ashburtonite			^[6]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Santamaria-Perez, David; Ruiz-Fuertes, Javier; Peña-Alvarez, Miriam; Chulia-Jordan, Raquel; Marqueño, Tomas; Zimmer, Dominik; Gutiérrez-Cano, Vanessa; MacLeod, Simon et al. (27 May 2019). "Post-tilleyite, a dense calcium silicate-carbonate phase" (in en). Scientific Reports 9 (1): 7898. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44326-9. ISSN 2045-2322. PMID 31133679. Bibcode: 2019NatSR...9.7898S.
↑ Radha, A. V.; Navrotsky, A. (1 January 2013). "Thermodynamics of Carbonates". Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 77 (1): 73–121. doi:10.2138/rmg.2013.77.3. Bibcode: 2013RvMG...77...73R.
↑ Berndt, Jasper; Klemme, Stephan (24 May 2022). "Origin of carbonatites—liquid immiscibility caught in the act". Nature Communications 13 (1). doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30500-7.
↑ Zhang, Yin-Qing; Radha, A.V.; Navrotsky, Alexandra (August 2013). "Thermochemistry of two calcium silicate carbonate minerals: scawtite, Ca7(Si6O18)(CO3)·2H2O, and spurrite, Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3)" (in en). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 115: 92–99. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2013.03.031. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016703713001877.
↑ Santamaria-Perez, David; Ruiz-Fuertes, Javier; Marqueño, Tomas; Pellicer-Porres, Julio; Chulia-Jordan, Raquel; MacLeod, Simon; Popescu, Catalin (11 December 2017). "Structural Behavior of Natural Silicate–Carbonate Spurrite Mineral, Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3), under High-Pressure, High-Temperature Conditions". Inorganic Chemistry 57 (1): 98–105. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02101. PMID 29227639.
↑ ^6.00 ^6.01 ^6.02 ^6.03 ^6.04 ^6.05 ^6.06 ^6.07 ^6.08 ^6.09 ^6.10 ^6.11 Belokoneva, Elena L.; Stefanovich, Sergey Yu.; Volkov, Anatoly S.; Dimitrova, Olga V. (October 2016). "A new nonlinear optical silicate carbonate K2Ca[Si2O5(CO3) with a hybrid structure of kalsilite and soda-like layered fragments"] (in en). Solid State Sciences 60: 23–27. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2016.08.003. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1293255816305234.
↑ "Thaumasite Mineral Data". http://www.webmineral.com/data/Thaumasite.shtml.
↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". https://www.mindat.org/min-880.html.
↑ "Meionite". https://www.mindat.org/min-2627.html.
↑ "Scapolite: A metamorphic mineral and interesting gem". https://geology.com/minerals/scapolite.shtml.
↑ "The atomic arrangement of iimoriite-(Y), Y 2 (SiO 4)(CO 3)". The Canadian Mineralogist 34 (4): 817–820. https://rruff-2.geo.arizona.edu/uploads/CM34_817.pdf.
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 Kasatkin, Anatoly V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Pekov, Igor V.; Chukanov, Nikita V.; Škoda, Radek; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I.; Britvin, Sergey N. et al. (October 2021). "The mineralogy of the historical Mochalin Log REE deposit, South Urals, Russia. Part IV. Alexkuznetsovite-(La), La 2 Mn(CO 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ), alexkuznetsovite-(Ce), Ce 2 Mn(CO 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ) and biraite-(La), La 2 Fe 2+ (CO 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ), three new isostructural minerals and a definition of the biraite group" (in en). Mineralogical Magazine 85 (5): 772–783. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.64. ISSN 0026-461X. Bibcode: 2021MinM...85..772K. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0026461X21000645/type/journal_article.
↑ Konev, Alexey; Pasero, Marco; Pushcharovsky, Dmitry; Merlino, Stefano; Kashaev, Anvar; Suvorova, Ludmila; Ushchapovskaya, Zinaida; Nartova, Nadezda et al. (2005-10-18). "Biraite-(Ce), Ce2Fe2+(CO3)(Si2O7), a new mineral from Siberia with a novel structure type" (in en). European Journal of Mineralogy 17 (5): 715–721. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2005/0017-0715. ISSN 0935-1221. http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/ejm/detail/17/56797/Biraite_Ce_Ce2Fe2_CO3_Si2O7_a_new_mineral_from_Sib?af=crossref.
↑ Belokoneva, E. L.; Eremina, T. A.; Dimitrova, O. V.; Volkov, A. S. (January 2021). "New Lead Silicates: Structures and Topology and Symmetry Analysis" (in en). Crystallography Reports 66 (1): 95–104. doi:10.1134/S1063774521010028. ISSN 1063-7745. Bibcode: 2021CryRp..66...95B. https://link.springer.com/10.1134/S1063774521010028.

Carbonates
H₂CO₃																	He
Li₂CO₃, LiHCO₃	BeCO₃											B	C	(NH₄)₂CO₃, NH₄HCO₃	O	F	Ne
Na₂CO₃, NaHCO₃, Na₃H(CO₃)₂	MgCO₃, Mg(HCO₃)₂											Al₂(CO₃)₃	Si	P	S	Cl	Ar
K₂CO₃, KHCO₃	CaCO₃, Ca(HCO₃)₂	Sc	Ti	V	Cr	MnCO₃	FeCO₃	CoCO₃	NiCO₃	CuCO₃	ZnCO₃	Ga	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
Rb₂CO₃	SrCO₃	Y	Zr	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	Pd	Ag₂CO₃	CdCO₃	In	Sn	Sb	Te	I	Xe
Cs₂CO₃, CsHCO₃	BaCO₃		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg	Tl₂CO₃	PbCO₃	(BiO)₂CO₃	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Nh	Fl	Mc	Lv	Ts	Og
		↓
		La₂(CO₃)₃	Ce₂(CO₃)₃	Pr	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	UO₂CO₃	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate carbonate. Read more

[santap-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Santamaria-Perez, David; Ruiz-Fuertes, Javier; Peña-Alvarez, Miriam; Chulia-Jordan, Raquel; Marqueño, Tomas; Zimmer, Dominik; Gutiérrez-Cano, Vanessa; MacLeod, Simon et al. (27 May 2019). "Post-tilleyite, a dense calcium silicate-carbonate phase" (in en). Scientific Reports 9 (1): 7898. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44326-9. ISSN 2045-2322. PMID 31133679. Bibcode: 2019NatSR...9.7898S.

[2] Radha, A. V.; Navrotsky, A. (1 January 2013). "Thermodynamics of Carbonates". Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 77 (1): 73–121. doi:10.2138/rmg.2013.77.3. Bibcode: 2013RvMG...77...73R.

[3] Berndt, Jasper; Klemme, Stephan (24 May 2022). "Origin of carbonatites—liquid immiscibility caught in the act". Nature Communications 13 (1). doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30500-7.

[4] Zhang, Yin-Qing; Radha, A.V.; Navrotsky, Alexandra (August 2013). "Thermochemistry of two calcium silicate carbonate minerals: scawtite, Ca7(Si6O18)(CO3)·2H2O, and spurrite, Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3)" (in en). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 115: 92–99. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2013.03.031. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016703713001877.

[5] Santamaria-Perez, David; Ruiz-Fuertes, Javier; Marqueño, Tomas; Pellicer-Porres, Julio; Chulia-Jordan, Raquel; MacLeod, Simon; Popescu, Catalin (11 December 2017). "Structural Behavior of Natural Silicate–Carbonate Spurrite Mineral, Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3), under High-Pressure, High-Temperature Conditions". Inorganic Chemistry 57 (1): 98–105. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02101. PMID 29227639.

[:0-6] 6.00 ^6.01 ^6.02 ^6.03 ^6.04 ^6.05 ^6.06 ^6.07 ^6.08 ^6.09 ^6.10 ^6.11 Belokoneva, Elena L.; Stefanovich, Sergey Yu.; Volkov, Anatoly S.; Dimitrova, Olga V. (October 2016). "A new nonlinear optical silicate carbonate K2Ca[Si2O5(CO3) with a hybrid structure of kalsilite and soda-like layered fragments"] (in en). Solid State Sciences 60: 23–27. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2016.08.003. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1293255816305234.

[7] "Thaumasite Mineral Data". http://www.webmineral.com/data/Thaumasite.shtml.

[8] "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". https://www.mindat.org/min-880.html.

[9] "Meionite". https://www.mindat.org/min-2627.html.

[10] "Scapolite: A metamorphic mineral and interesting gem". https://geology.com/minerals/scapolite.shtml.

[11] "The atomic arrangement of iimoriite-(Y), Y 2 (SiO 4)(CO 3)". The Canadian Mineralogist 34 (4): 817–820. https://rruff-2.geo.arizona.edu/uploads/CM34_817.pdf.

[:1-12] 12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 Kasatkin, Anatoly V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Pekov, Igor V.; Chukanov, Nikita V.; Škoda, Radek; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I.; Britvin, Sergey N. et al. (October 2021). "The mineralogy of the historical Mochalin Log REE deposit, South Urals, Russia. Part IV. Alexkuznetsovite-(La), La 2 Mn(CO 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ), alexkuznetsovite-(Ce), Ce 2 Mn(CO 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ) and biraite-(La), La 2 Fe 2+ (CO 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ), three new isostructural minerals and a definition of the biraite group" (in en). Mineralogical Magazine 85 (5): 772–783. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.64. ISSN 0026-461X. Bibcode: 2021MinM...85..772K. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0026461X21000645/type/journal_article.

[13] Konev, Alexey; Pasero, Marco; Pushcharovsky, Dmitry; Merlino, Stefano; Kashaev, Anvar; Suvorova, Ludmila; Ushchapovskaya, Zinaida; Nartova, Nadezda et al. (2005-10-18). "Biraite-(Ce), Ce2Fe2+(CO3)(Si2O7), a new mineral from Siberia with a novel structure type" (in en). European Journal of Mineralogy 17 (5): 715–721. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2005/0017-0715. ISSN 0935-1221. http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/ejm/detail/17/56797/Biraite_Ce_Ce2Fe2_CO3_Si2O7_a_new_mineral_from_Sib?af=crossref.

[14] Belokoneva, E. L.; Eremina, T. A.; Dimitrova, O. V.; Volkov, A. S. (January 2021). "New Lead Silicates: Structures and Topology and Symmetry Analysis" (in en). Crystallography Reports 66 (1): 95–104. doi:10.1134/S1063774521010028. ISSN 1063-7745. Bibcode: 2021CryRp..66...95B. https://link.springer.com/10.1134/S1063774521010028.

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Silicate carbonate

Topic: Chemistry

Contents

Structures

Properties

List

References