Sulfate minerals

The sulfate minerals are a class of minerals that include the sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) within their structure. The sulfate minerals occur commonly in primary evaporite depositional environments, as gangue minerals in hydrothermal veins and as secondary minerals in the oxidizing zone of sulfide mineral deposits. The chromate and manganate minerals have a similar structure and are often included with the sulfates in mineral classification systems.^[1]

Anhydrite crystal structure

Barite with cerussite

Sulfate minerals include:

Anhydrous sulfates
- Barite BaSO₄
- Celestite SrSO₄
- Anglesite PbSO₄
- Anhydrite CaSO₄
- Hanksite Na₂₂K(SO₄)₉(CO₃)₂Cl
Hydroxide and hydrous sulfates
- Gypsum CaSO₄·2H₂O
- Chalcanthite CuSO₄·5H₂O
- Kieserite MgSO₄·H₂O
- Starkeyite MgSO₄·4H₂O
- Hexahydrite MgSO₄·6H₂O
- Epsomite MgSO₄·7H₂O
- Meridianiite MgSO₄·11H₂O
- Melanterite FeSO₄·7H₂O
- Antlerite Cu₃SO₄(OH)₄
- Brochantite Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆
- Alunite KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
- Jarosite KFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

Nickel–Strunz classification -07- sulfates

Hanksite, one of the rare minerals that is a sulfate and carbonate

IMA-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009). This list uses it to modify the Classification of Nickel–Strunz (mindat.org, 10 ed, pending publication).

Abbreviations:
- "*" – discredited (IMA/CNMNC status).
- "?" – questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status).
- "REE" – Rare-earth element (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
- "PGE" – Platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt)
- 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V^[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
  - Neso: insular (from Greek νησος nēsos, island)
  - Soro: grouping (from Greek σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
  - Cyclo: ring
  - Ino: chain (from Greek ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
  - Phyllo: sheet (from Greek φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
  - Tekto: three-dimensional framework
Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##x
- NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
- X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
- Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
- ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter

Class: sulfates, selenates, tellurates

07.A Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without Additional Anions, without H₂O
- 07.AB With medium-sized cations: 05 Millosevichite, 05 Mikasaite; 10 Chalcocyanite, 10 Zincosite*
- 07.AC With medium-sized and large cations: IMA2008-029, 05 Vanthoffite; 10 Efremovite, 10 Manganolangbeinite, 10 Langbeinite; 15 Eldfellite, 15 Yavapaiite; 20 Godovikovite, 20 Sabieite; 25 Thenardite, 35 Aphthitalite
- 07.AD With only large cations: 05 Arcanite, 05 Mascagnite; 10 Mercallite, 15 Misenite, 20 Letovicite, 25 Glauberite, 30 Anhydrite; 35 Anglesite, 35 Barite, 35 Celestine, 35 Radiobarite*, 35 Olsacherite; 40 Kalistrontite, 40 Palmierite
07.B Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H₂O
- 07.BB With medium-sized cations: 05 Caminite, 10 Hauckite, 15 Antlerite, 20 Dolerophanite, 25 Brochantite, 30 Vergasovaite, 35 Klebelsbergite, 40 Schuetteite, 45 Paraotwayite, 50 Xocomecatlite, 55 Pauflerite
- 07.BC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Dansite; 10 Alunite, 10 Ammonioalunite, 10 Ammoniojarosite, 10 Beaverite, 10 Argentojarosite, 10 Huangite, 10 Dorallcharite, 10 Jarosite, 10 Hydroniumjarosite, 10 Minamiite, 10 Natrojarosite, 10 Natroalunite, 10 Osarizawaite, 10 Plumbojarosite, 10 Walthierite, 10 Schlossmacherite; 15 Yeelimite; 20 Atlasovite, 20 Nabokoite; 25 Chlorothionite; 30 Fedotovite, 30 Euchlorine; 35 Kamchatkite, 40 Piypite; 45 Klyuchevskite-Duplicate, 45 Klyuchevskite, 45 Alumoklyuchevskite; 50 Caledonite, 55 Wherryite, 60 Mammothite; 65 Munakataite, 65 Schmiederite, 65 Linarite; 70 Chenite, 75 Krivovichevite
- 07.BD With only large cations: 05 Sulphohalite; 10 Galeite, 10 Schairerite; 15 Kogarkoite; 20 Cesanite, 20 Caracolite; 25 Burkeite, 30 Hanksite, 35 Cannonite, 40 Lanarkite, 45 Grandreefite, 50 Itoite, 55 Chiluite, 60 Hectorfloresite, 65 Pseudograndreefite, 70 Sundiusite
07.C Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H₂O
- 07.CB With only medium-sized cations: 05 Gunningite, 05 Dwornikite, 05 Kieserite, 05 Szomolnokite, 05 Szmikite, 05 Poitevinite, 05 Cobaltkieserite; 07 Sanderite, 10 Bonattite, 15 Boyleite, 15 Aplowite, 15 Ilesite, 15 Rozenite, 15 Starkeyite, 15 IMA2002-034; 20 Chalcanthite, 20 Jokokuite, 20 Pentahydrite, 20 Siderotil; 25 Bianchite, 25 Ferrohexahydrite, 25 Chvaleticeite, 25 Hexahydrite, 25 Moorhouseite, 25 Nickelhexahydrite; 30 Retgersite; 35 Bieberite, 35 Boothite, 35 Mallardite, 35 Melanterite, 35 Zincmelanterite, 35 Alpersite; 40 Epsomite, 40 Goslarite, 40 Morenosite; 45 Alunogen, 45 Meta-alunogen; 50 Coquimbite, 50 Paracoquimbite; 55 Rhomboclase, 60 Kornelite, 65 Quenstedtite, 70 Lausenite; 75 Lishizhenite, 75 Romerite; 80 Ransomite; 85 Bilinite, 85 Apjohnite, 85 Dietrichite, 85 Halotrichite, 85 Pickeringite, 85 Redingtonite, 85 Wupatkiite; 90 Meridianiite, 95 Caichengyunite
- 07.CC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Krausite, 10 Tamarugite; 15 Mendozite, 15 Kalinite; 20 Lonecreekite, 20 Alum-(K), 20 Alum-(Na), 20 Lanmuchangite, 20 Tschermigite; 25 Pertlikite, 25 Monsmedite?, 25 Voltaite, 25 Zincovoltaite; 30 Krohnkite, 35 Ferrinatrite, 40 Goldichite, 45 Loweite; 50 Blodite, 50 Changoite, 50 Nickelblodite; 55 Mereiterite, 55 Leonite; 60 Boussingaultite, 60 Cyanochroite, 60 Mohrite, 60 Picromerite, 60 Nickelboussingaultite; 65 Polyhalite; 70 Leightonite, 75 Amarillite, 80 Konyaite, 85 Wattevilleite
- 07.CD With only large cations: 05 Matteuccite, 10 Mirabilite, 15 Lecontite, 20 Hydroglauberite, 25 Eugsterite, 30 Gorgeyite; 35 Koktaite, 35 Syngenite; 40 Gypsum, 45 Bassanite, 50 Zircosulfate, 55 Schieffelinite, 60 Montanite, 65 Omongwaite
07.D Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H₂O
- 07.DB With only medium-sized cations; insular octahedra and finite groups: 05 Svyazhinite, 05 Aubertite, 05 Magnesioaubertite; 10 Rostite, 10 Khademite; 15 Jurbanite; 20 Minasragrite, 20 Anorthominasragrite, 20 Orthominasragrite; 25 Bobjonesite; 30 Amarantite, 30 Hohmannite, 30 Metahohmannite; 35 Aluminocopiapite, 35 Copiapite, 35 Calciocopiapite, 35 Cuprocopiapite, 35 Ferricopiapite, 35 Magnesiocopiapite, 35 Zincocopiapite
- 07.DC With only medium-sized cations; chains of corner-sharing octahedra: 05 Aluminite, 05 Meta-aluminite; 10 Butlerite, 10 Parabutlerite; 15 Fibroferrite, 20 Xitieshanite; 25 Botryogen, 25 Zincobotryogen; 30 Chaidamuite, 30 Guildite
- 07.DD With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Basaluminite?, 05 Felsobanyaite, 07.5 Kyrgyzstanite, 08.0 Zn-Schulenbergite; 10 Langite, 10 Posnjakite, 10 Wroewolfeite; 15 Spangolite, 20 Ktenasite, 25 Christelite; 30 Campigliaite, 30 Devilline, 30 Orthoserpierite, 30 Niedermayrite, 30 Serpierite; 35 Motukoreaite, 35 Mountkeithite, 35 Glaucocerinite, 35 Honessite, 35 Hydrowoodwardite, 35 Hydrohonessite, 35 Shigaite, 35 Natroglaucocerinite, 35 Wermlandite, 35 Nikischerite, 35 Zincaluminite, 35 Woodwardite, 35 Carrboydite, 35 Zincowoodwardite, 35 Zincowoodwardite-3R, 35 Zincowoodwardite-1T; 40 Lawsonbauerite, 40 Torreyite, 45 Mooreite, 50 Namuwite, 55 Bechererite, 60 Ramsbeckite, 65 Vonbezingite, 70 Redgillite; 75 Chalcoalumite, 75 Nickelalumite*; 80 Guarinoite, 80 Theresemagnanite, 80 Schulenbergite; 85 Montetrisaite
- 07.DE With only medium-sized cations; unclassified: 05 Mangazeite; 10 Carbonatecyanotrichite, 10 Cyanotrichite; 15 Schwertmannite, 20 Tlalocite, 25 Utahite, 35 Coquandite, 40 Osakaite, 45 Wilcoxite, 50 Stanleyite, 55 Mcalpineite, 60 Hydrobasaluminite, 65 Zaherite, 70 Lautenthalite, 75 Camérolaite, 80 Brumadoite
- 07.DF With large and medium-sized cations: 05 Uklonskovite, 10 Kainite, 15 Natrochalcite; 20 Metasideronatrite, 20 Sideronatrite; 25 Despujolsite, 25 Fleischerite, 25 Schaurteite, 25 Mallestigite; 30 Slavikite, 35 Metavoltine; 40 Lannonite, 40 Vlodavetsite; 45 Peretaite, 50 Gordaite, 55 Clairite, 60 Arzrunite, 65 Elyite, 70 Yecoraite, 75 Riomarinaite, 80 Dukeite, 85 Xocolatlite
- 07.DG With large and medium-sized cations; with NO₃, CO₃, B(OH)₄, SiO₄ or IO₃: 05 Darapskite; 10 Clinoungemachite, 10 Ungemachite, 10 Humberstonite; 15 Bentorite, 15 Charlesite, 15 Ettringite, 15 Jouravskite, 15 Sturmanite, 15 Thaumasite, 15 Carraraite, 15 Buryatite; 20 Rapidcreekite, 25 Tatarskite, 30 Nakauriite, 35 Chessexite; 40 Carlosruizite, 40 Fuenzalidaite; 45 Chelyabinskite*
07.E Uranyl Sulfates
- 07.EA Without cations: 05 Uranopilite, 05 Metauranopilite, 10 Jachymovite
- 07.EB With medium-sized cations: 05 Johannite, 10 Deliensite
- 07.EC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Cobaltzippeite, 05 Magnesiozippeite, 05 Nickelzippeite, 05 Natrozippeite, 05 Zinc-zippeite, 05 Zippeite; 10 Rabejacite, 15 Marecottite, 20 Pseudojohannite
07.J Thiosulfates
- 07.JA Thiosulfates with Pb: 05 Sidpietersite
07.X Unclassified Strunz Sulfates (Selenates, Tellurates)
- 07.XX Unknown: 00 Aiolosite, 00 Steverustite, 00 Grandviewite, 00 IMA2009-008, 00 Adranosite, 00 Blakeite

Class: chromates

07.F Chromates
- 07.FA Without additional anions: 05 Tarapacaite, 10 Chromatite, 15 Hashemite, 20 Crocoite
- 07.FB With additional O, V, S, Cl: 05 Phoenicochroite, 10 Santanaite, 15 Wattersite, 20 Deanesmithite, 25 Edoylerite
- 07.FC With PO₄, AsO₄, SiO₄: 05 Vauquelinite; 10 Fornacite, 10 Molybdofornacite; 15 Hemihedrite, 15 Iranite; 20 Embreyite, 20 Cassedanneite;
- 07.FD Dichromates: 05 Lopezite

Class: molybdates, wolframates and niobates

07.G Molybdates, wolframates and niobates
- 07.GA Without additional anions or H₂O: 05 Fergusonite-(Ce), 05 Fergusonite-(Nd)^N, 05 Fergusonite-(Y), 05 Powellite, 05 Wulfenite, 05 Stolzite, 05 Scheelite; 10 Formanite-(Y), 10 Iwashiroite-(Y); 15 Paraniite-(Y)
- 07.GB With additional anions and/or H₂O: 05 Lindgrenite, 10 Szenicsite, 15 Cuprotungstite, 20 Phyllotungstite, 25 Rankachite, 30 Ferrimolybdite, 35 Anthoinite, 35 Mpororoite, 40 Obradovicite-KCu, 45 Mendozavilite-NaFe, 45 Paramendozavilite, 50 Tancaite-(Ce)
07.H Uranium and uranyl molybdates and wolframates
- 07.HA With U⁴⁺: 05 Sedovite, 10 Cousinite, 15 Moluranite
- 07.HB With U⁶⁺: 15 Calcurmolite, 20 Tengchongite, 25 Uranotungstite

References

↑ Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, 20th ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 347–354 ISBN:0-471-80580-7.

Stuart J. Mills; Frédéric Hatert; Ernest H. Nickel; Giovanni Ferraris (2009). "The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals". Eur. J. Mineral. 21: 1073–1080. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994. http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/Mills%20et%20al%202009%20Groups%20EJM%20October.pdf.
"IMA-CNMNC List of Mineral Names". IMA-CNMNC. March 2009. http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/IMA2009-01%20UPDATE%20160309.pdf.
Ferraiolo, Jim. "Nickel–Strunz (Version 10) Classification System". webmineral.com. http://webmineral.com/strunz/strunz.php.

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[1] Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, 20th ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 347–354 ISBN:0-471-80580-7.

[1]

v t e white;">IMA–CNMNC / Nickel–Strunz IDs Mineral categories (classes, subclasses, divisions)
"Special cases" ("native elements and organic minerals")	"Native elements" (IDs 1) Organic minerals (IDs 10)
"Sulfides and oxides"	Sulfides (IDs 2.A–F) Sulfosalts; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites (IDs 2.G) Sulfosalts; sulfarsenates, sulfantimonates (IDs 2.K) Other sulfosalts (IDs 2.H–J and 2.L–M) Oxides (IDs 4.A–E, e.g. pyrochlore supergroup and corundum group) Hydroxides (IDs 4.F–G) "Arsenites", "sulfites" and iodates (IDs 4.J–K) Tellurium oxysalts Vanadium oxides (IDs 4.H)
"Evaporites and similars"	Carbonates (IDs 5.A–E) Nitrates (IDs 5.N) Borates (IDs 6) Halides (IDs 3)
"Mineral structures with tetrahedral units" (sulfate anion, phosphate anion, silicon, etc.)	Monomeric minerals (similar to nesosilicates) Sulfates (IDs 7.A–E) Thiosulphates (IDs 7.J) Chromates (IDs 7.F) Molybdates, wolframates, niobates (IDs 7.G–H) Phosphates (IDs 8) Arsenates, vanadates (IDs 8) Monomeric, isolated silicates (IDs 9.A) Germanates (IDs 9.J) Silicate frameworks, tectosilicates Zeolite frameworks, zeolite family (IDs 9.G) Other zeolitic frameworks: nephelines (IDs 9.FA.05) Cancrinite-sodalite groups (IDs 9.FB.) Other tectosilicates (IDs 9.FA. and 9.FB.15, e.g. feldspars) Other silicate frameworks Cyclosilicates (IDs 9.C) Phyllosilicates (IDs 9.E, e.g. clays) Silica family (IDs 4.DA.) Inosilicates Single chain inosilicates (IDs 9.D, e.g. pyroxenes) Ribbon or multiple chain inosilicates (IDs 9.D, e.g. amphiboles) Other non monomeric minerals Unclassified silicates (IDs 9.H) Sorosilicates (IDs 9.B, e.g. epidote and seidozerite supergroups) Polymeric, isolated silicates (IDs 9.A, e.g. olivine and gadolinite supergroups) Other inorganic polymers (e.g. polyoxometalates; "polyphosphates", IDs 8.F)