The Chinese Library Classification (CLC; Chinese: 中国图书馆分类法), also known as Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL),[1] is effectively the national library classification scheme in China . It is used in almost all primary and secondary schools, universities, academic institutions, as well as public libraries. It is also used by publishers to classify all books published in China.
The Book Classification of Chinese Libraries (BCCL) was first published in 1975, under the auspices of China's Administrative Bureau of Cultural Affairs. Its fourth edition (1999) was renamed CLC. In September 2010, the fifth edition was published by National Library of China Publishing House.
CLC has twenty-two top-level categories, and inherits a Marxist orientation from its earlier editions.[2] (For instance, category A is Marxism, Leninism, Maoism & Deng Xiaoping Theory.) It contains a total of 43600 categories, many of which are recent additions, meeting the needs of a rapidly changing nation.[3]
The CLC system
The 22 top categories and selected sub-categories of CLC (5th Edition) are as follows:
- A1 The works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
- A2 The works of Vladimir Lenin
- A3 The works of Joseph Stalin
- A4 The works of Mao Zedong
- A5 The symposium/collection of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, Mao and Deng Xiaoping
- A7 The biobibliography and biography of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, Mao and Deng Xiaoping
- A8 Study and research of Marxism, Leninism, Maoism and Deng Xiaoping theory
- B-4 Education and dissemination of philosophy
- B-49 Learners' book and popular literature of philosophy
- B0 theory of philosophy
- B0-0 Marxist philosophy
- B01 Basic problems of philosophy
- B02 Dialectical materialism
- B024 Materialist dialectics
- B025 Categories of materialist dialectics
- B026 Methodology
- B027 Application of dialectical materialism
- B028 Natural philosophy
- B029 Dialectics of nature
- B03 Historical materialism
- B031 Social material requirements of life
- B032 Basic social conflict
- B033 Class theory
- B034 Theory of revolution
- B035 Theory of country
- B036 Social being and social consciousness
- B037 Contradictions among the people
- B038 Role of the people in historical development
- B08 Philosophical schools and research
- B1 Philosophy (worldwide)
- B2 Philosophy in China
- B22 Pre-Qin Dynasty philosophy (~before 220 BC)
- B222 The Confucian School
- B3 Philosophy in Asia
- B4 Philosophy in Africa
- B5 Philosophy in Europe
- B6 Philosophy in Australasia
- B7 Philosophy in America
- B8 Cognitive science
- B9 Religions
C. Social sciences
- C0 Social scientific theory and methodology
- C1 Present and future of social sciences
- C2 Organisations, groups, conferences
- C3 Method of research in social sciences
- C4 Education and popularization of social sciences
- C5 Serials, anthologies, periodicals in social sciences
- C6 Reference materials in social sciences
- C7 (no longer used)
- C8 Statistics in social sciences
- C9 Sociology
D. Politics and law
- D0 Political theory
- D1 International campaign of Communism
- D2 Communist Party of China
- D3 Communist parties of other countries
- D4 Labor, peasant, youth, female organizations and movements
- D5 Politics (worldwide)
- D6 Politics in China
- D7 Politics in individual countries
- D8 Diplomacy, international relations
- D9 Law
- DF Law (Applications of laws)
E. Military science
- E0 Military theory
- E1 Military (worldwide)
- E2 Military in China
- E3 Military in Asia
- E4 Military in Africa
- E5 Military in Europe
- E6 Military in Australasia
- E7 Military in America
- E8 Strategies, tactics, and battles
- E9 Military technology
- G0 Philosophy of culture
- G1 Culture
- G2 Knowledge transmission
- G3 Science, scientific research
- G4 Education
- G5 Education in individual countries
- G6 Education (primary, secondary, tertiary)
- G7 Education (specialized)
- G8 Sports
I. Literature
- I0 Literary theory
- I1 Literature (worldwide)
- I2 Literature in China
- I3 Literature in Asia
- I4 Literature in Africa
- I5 Literature in Europe
- I6 Literature in Australasia
- I7 Literature in America
J. Art
- N0 Theory and methodology
- N1 Present state
- N2 Organisations, groups, conferences
- N3 Research methodology
- N4 Education and popularization
- N5 Serials, anthologies, periodicals
- N6 Reference materials
- N8 Field surveys
- N9 Minor sciences
O. Mathematics, physics and chemistry
Q. Life sciences
R. Medicine and health sciences
T. Industrial technology
U. Transportation
- U1 General transport
- U2 Railway transport
- U4 Highway transport
- U6 Marine transport
V. Aviation and Aerospace
- V1 Research and Exploration of Aviation and Aerospace Technology
- V2 Aviation
- V4 Aerospace (Spaceflight)
- V7 Aerospace Medicine [4]
- X1 Fundamental environmental science
- X2 Environmental research
- X3 Environmental protection and management
- X4 Disaster protection
- X5 Pollution control
- X7 Waste Management and recycling
- X8 Environmental quality monitoring
- X9 Occupational safety and health
Z. General works
- Z1 Collectanea/generalia (book series)
- Z12 Collectanea of China
- Z121 General collectanea
- Z121.2 Song Dynasty
- Z121.3 Yuan Dynasty
- Z121.4 Ming Dynasty
- Z121.5 Qing Dynasty
- Z121.6 Republic period
- Z121.7 Modern
- Z122 Collectanea of a particular locality
- Z123 Collectanea by members of a particular family
- Z124 Collectanea by individual writers
- Z125 Collectanea of lost books
- Z126 Collectanea of Chinese classics
- Z126.1 Collection of Confucian classics
- Z126.2 Collection of treatises
- Z126.21 General collection
- Z126.22 Remake of lost books
- Z126.23 Collection of a particular theme
- Z126.24 Chronological tables, tablets, illustrated works
- Z126.25 Works on phonetics, semantics and authenticity
- Z126.27 Research, critics and proves
- Z13 Collectanea and book series of Asia
- Z14 Book series of Africa
- Z15 Book series of Europe
- Z16 Book series of Oceania
- Z17 Book series of America
- Z2 Encyclopedias and Chinese encyclopedias (Leishu)
- Z22 Chinese encyclopedias
- Z221 Tang Dynasty
- Z222 Song Dynasty
- Z223 Yuan Dynasty
- Z224 Ming Dynasty
- Z225 Qing Dynasty
- Z226 Republic
- Z227 Modern
- Z228 General popular literature
- Z228.1 Children's books
- Z228.2 Popular youth books
- Z228.3 Elders' books
- Z228.4 Women's readers
- Z228.5 Men's readers
- Z23 Encyclopedias of Asia
- Z24 Encyclopedias of Africa
- Z25 Encyclopedias of Europe
- Z26 Encyclopedias of Oceania
- Z27 Encyclopedias of America
- Z28 Encyclopedias of a particular field
- Z3 Dictionaries
- Z4 Symposia, anthologies, selected works, essays
- Z5 Almanac
- Z6 Serials, periodicals
- Z8 Catalogues, abstracts, indexes
Other classifications
The other library classifications in China are:
- Library Classification of the People’s University of China (LCPUC)
- Library Classification of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LCCAS)
- Library Classification for Medium and Small Libraries (MSL)
- Library Classification of Wuhan University (LCWU)
The other library classifications for Chinese materials outside mainland China are:
See also
- Libraries in the People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Library
References
- ↑ "Chinese Library Classification | The CIARD R.I.N.G.". https://ring.ciard.net/chinese-library-classification.
- ↑ Zhang, Wenxian (2003). Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL): Histories, accomplishments, problems and its comparisons. Journal of Educational Media & Library Sciences, vol. 41, nr. 1, p. 1-22. (PDF)
- ↑ The Standardization of Chinese Library Classification, Xiaochun Liu, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Volume 16, Issue 2, ISSN 0163-9374, Pub Date: 8/13/1993
- ↑ Chinese Library Classification. National Library of China Publishing. 1991. ISBN 9787501343935.
External links
- Official website
- Contemporary Classification Systems and Thesauri in China, Zhang Qiyu, Liu Xiangsheng, Wang Dongbo, 62nd IFLA General Conference - Conference Proceedings - August 25-31, 1996
- Chinese Library Classification Editorial Board
- Abridged third (obsolete) edition of CLC (in Chinese)
- CLC Online (in Chinese)
- Research on Interoperability of Metadata in Classification Schemes-construction of automatic mapping system between CLC and DDC, Jianbo Dai, Hanqing Hou, Ling Cao, Dept. of Libr. & Inform. Sci., Nanjing Agri. Univ., Nanjing, China 210095
- Construction of Knowledge Base for Automatic Indexing and Classification based on CLC, Hanqing Hou, Chunxiang Xue, Nanjing Agri. Univ., Nanjing, China 210095
- An Intelligent Retrieval System for Chinese Agricultural Literature indexed by Chinese Classification System, Ping Qian, Xiaolu Su, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
- East Asian Library Classification Systems, archived
- The Development of Authority Database in National Library of China (NLC), March 2002, Beixin Sun of NLC NLC's classification subject thesaurus database based on CLC.
- National Bibliographies: the Chinese Experience, 72nd IFLA Conference at Seoul in Korea, August 2006, Ben Gu of NLC An overview of the current situation of the National Bibliography and classification systems in China.
- A month at the Shanghai Library, November 2004, Helen Michael, University of Toronto A librarian from Canada shared her experience of working in a library of China.
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