Klippe

Short description: Geological feature

thumb|right|350px|Schematic overview of a thrust system. The shaded material is called a [[nappe. The erosional hole is called a window or fenster. The klippe is the isolated block of the nappe overlying autochthonous material.]]

Beckov Castle, Slovakia, perched on a limestone klippe

A klippe (German for cliff or crag) is a geological feature of thrust fault terrains. The klippe is the remnant portion of a nappe after erosion has removed connecting portions of the nappe. This process results in an outlier of exotic, often nearly horizontally translated strata overlying autochthonous strata.^[1]

Examples

Chief Mountain, Montana
Mount Yamnuska, Alberta
The Rock of Gibraltar
Acropolis of Athens, Greece

Klippes may also be found in the Pre-Alps of Switzerland and some of the isolated mountains in Assynt, Sutherland, in NW Scotland.^[2]

References

↑ DiPietro, Joseph A. (December 21, 2012). Landscape Evolution in the United States: An Introduction to the Geography, Geology, and Natural History. Newnes. p. 343. ISBN 9780123978066. https://books.google.com/books?id=vZWWAA-USoUC&pg=PA343. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
↑ Whittow, John (1984). Dictionary of Physical Geography. London: Penguin, 1984, p. 294. ISBN:0-14-051094-X.

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[1] DiPietro, Joseph A. (December 21, 2012). Landscape Evolution in the United States: An Introduction to the Geography, Geology, and Natural History. Newnes. p. 343. ISBN 9780123978066. https://books.google.com/books?id=vZWWAA-USoUC&pg=PA343. Retrieved 10 February 2016.

[2] Whittow, John (1984). Dictionary of Physical Geography. London: Penguin, 1984, p. 294. ISBN:0-14-051094-X.

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[2]

v t e Structural geology
Underlying theory	Strain Stress Stress field Mohr–Coulomb theory Mohr's circle Lamé's stress ellipsoid Strain partitioning Tension Overburden pressure Deformation mechanism Rock mechanics
Measurement conventions	Strike and dip Rake Inclinometer Brunton compass Stereographic projection Orthographic projection
Large-Scale Tectonics	Plate tectonics Orogeny Structural basin Rift Extensional tectonics Graben Half-graben Décollement Obduction List of tectonic plate interactions Nappe Continental collision Convergent boundary Fenster Klippe Fold and thrust belt Foreland basin Accretionary wedge Terrane Mountain formation Fold mountains Fault block Horst Rift valley Mélange Thick-skinned deformation Thin-skinned deformation Thrust tectonics Passive margin Extensional tectonics Divergent boundary Back-arc basin Intra-arc basin Strike-slip tectonics Syneclise Suture Saddle Inversion Horst and graben Horse Pull-apart basin Autochthon Allochthon
Fracturing	Joint Exfoliation joint Vein Dike Columnar jointing
Faulting	Thrust fault Detachment fault Disturbance Fault mechanics Fault trace Fault scarp Transform fault Transfer zone Cataclastic rock Cataclasite
Foliation and Lineation	Rock microstructure Crenulation Cleavage Slickenside Pressure solution Stylolite Compaction Fissility Oblique foliation Tectonic phase Tectonite
Folding	Vergence Anticline Syncline Dome Monocline Chevron Homocline Detachment fold
Boudinage	Competence
Kinematic Analysis	3D fold evolution Section restoration Paleostress Paleostress inversion
Shear zone	Shear Pure shear Mylonite

Klippe

Topic: Earth

Examples

References