Kojima (Hokkaido)
Topic: Earth
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| Native name: 小島, Ko-jima | |
|---|---|
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| Geography | |
| Location | East Asia |
| Coordinates | [ ⚑ ] : 41°21′34″N 139°48′18″E / 41.35944°N 139.805°E[1] |
| Archipelago | Japanese Archipelago |
| Area | 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) |
| Coastline | 5 km (3.1 mi)[2] |
| Highest elevation | 282.1 m (925.5 ft)[1] |
| Highest point | Ko Island |
| Administration | |
Japan | |
| Prefecture | Hokkaido |
| Subprefecture | Oshima Subprefecture |
| District | Matsumae District |
| Town | Matsumae |
| Demographics | |
| Population | uninhabited |
Ko Island (小島 Ko-jima) or Kojima is an uninhabited volcanic island in the Sea of Japan, 23 kilometres (14 mi) southwest of the mainland portion of the town of Matsumae[2] and is the southernmost point in Hokkaidō. It is under the administration of the district of Matsumae in Oshima Subprefecture in Hokkaido, Japan . To distinguish Ko Island from other islands with the same name, it is sometimes known as Oshima Ko Island (渡島小島 Oshima-Kojima) or Matsumae Ko Island (松前小島 Matsumae-Kojima).
Ko Island is the world's smallest volcanic island.[3] It has an area of 1.54 square kilometres (0.59 sq mi). The island is an andesitic stratovolcano.[4] The peak consists of non-alkali mafic rocks, dating from the Early Pleistocene overtop of non-alkali felsic rocks from the Late Miocene-Pliocene.[5]
Several smaller islets surround Ko Island, including Daihiyakushima, Shohiyakushima, Tenjinshima, and Sazaeshima.[6]
To provide refuge for fishing vessels, a small harbor has been put in place.
Flora and fauna
Ko Island has been designated a natural monument. It is a breeding ground for common guillemot, Japanese cormorant, and black-tailed gull. The island, along with some neighbouring islets, have been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because they also support colonies of rhinoceros auklets.[7]
15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the west of Ko Island is the Ko Island Bank, where migratory fish tend to gather. In the adjacent seas there is also tuna and squid. In previous times it was referred to as the Sea of Treasure (宝の海 Takara no Umi). For this reason it is a major fishing area for fishermen out of Matsumae, especially because of the decline in the Arabesque greenling over the last 24 to 25 years.[2]
The predominant vegetation on the island is grasses, but there are stands of Acer pictum subsp. mono in the caldera.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Error: no
|title=specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in Japanese). 25,000:1 Topographical Map. Geographical Survey Institute. http://watchizu.gsi.go.jp/watchizu.html?b=412134&l=1394818. Retrieved 2008-12-14. - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Error: no
|title=specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in Japanese). Hakodate Development and Construction Department. http://www.hk.hkd.mlit.go.jp/port/gyoko/g_kojima.html. Retrieved 2008-12-14. - ↑ The smallest volcanic island in the world?
- ↑ "OSHIMA KO-JIMA". Quaternary Volcanoes of Japan. Geological Survey of Japan, AIST. 2006. http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/vol/183.htm. Retrieved 2008-12-14.
- ↑ "Hokkaido". Seamless Digital Geological Map of Japan. Geological Survey of Japan, AIST. Nov 2, 2007. http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/db084/kihon/hokkaido_e.xml. Retrieved 2008-12-14.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "JP031Matsumae islets". Important Bird Areas in Japan. Wild Bird Society of Japan (WBSJ). 2009. http://www.wbsj.org/nature/hogo/others/iba/eng/031.html. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ↑ "Matsumae islets". BirdLife International. 2021. http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/matsumae-islets-iba-japan.
Sources
- Based on the translation of :ja:渡島小島 on 14 December 2008
- "Oshima-Kojima". Smithsonian Institution. https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=285839.
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