Löwenstein Formation

Löwenstein Formation
Stratigraphic range: Mid Norian (Alaunian) 215.6–212 Ma

PreЄ

Є

O

S

D

C

P

T

J

K

Pg

N

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Löwenstein Formation; Stratigraphic range: Mid Norian (Alaunian) 215.6–212 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Keuper
Underlies	Trossingen Formation
Overlies	Mainhardt Formation
Thickness	At least 80 m
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Other	Marl
Location
Region	Europe
Country	Germany, Switzerland
Extent	Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg

The Löwenstein Formation (Stubensandstein in Baden-Württemberg, Burgsandstein in Bavaria) is a lithostratigraphic formation of the Keuper in Germany. It is underlain by the Mainhardt Formation and overlain by the Trossingen Formation. It dates back to the middle Norian.^[1]

Fauna

Theropod tracks and an unnamed herrerasaur genus are known from the Lower Stubensandstein.^[2] Template:Paleobiota-key-compact

Archosaurs

Dinosaurs

Sauropodomorphs

Sauropodomorphs of the Stubensandstein
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Efraasia	E. minor		Lower			frameless
Plateosaurus^[3]	P. gracilis^[3]		Middle^[4] Lower^[2]	"[Twenty one] partial skeletons, isolated elements, [three] partial skulls, juvenile to adult."^[5]	Yates assigned the type material of Sellosaurus gracilis to Plateosaurus gracilis ^[6]	frameless

Theropods

Theropods of the Stubensandstein
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Dolichosuchus^[4]	D. cristatus^[4]		Middle^[4]	"Tibia"^[7]	Actually indeterminate coelophysoid remains^[4]
Halticosaurus^[4]	H. longotarsus^[4]		Middle^[4]	"Mandibular fragment, vertebrae, humerus, illium, femur, metatarsal."^[7]	Later found to be indeterminate coelophysoid remains^[4]
Liliensternus	L. liliensterni					frameless
Procompsognathus^[4]	P. triassicus^[4]		Middle^[4]	"Partial postcranial skeleton."^[8]

Reptiles

Archosaurs of the Stubensandstein
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Aetosaurus	A. feratus		Lower			frameless
Aetosaurus	A. crassicauda		Lower			frameless
Apatosuchus	A. orbitoangulatus		Lower	"Partial skull"
Mystriosuchus	M. ?					frameless
Nicrosaurus	N. kapffi		Middle
Nicrosaurus	N. meyeri		Middle
Paratypothorax	P. andressi		Middle			frameless
Saltoposuchus	S. connectens					frameless
Saltoposuchus	S. longipes					frameless
Tanystrosuchus	T. posthomus		Middle	" Neck vertebra"
Teratosaurus^[4]	T. suevicus^[4]		Middle^[4]		Galton and Benton showed that Teratosaurus is actually a rauisuchian.^[9]^[10]

Other Amniotes

Cyclotosaurus
Metoposaurus

References

↑ Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Triassic, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 521–525. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "17.2 Baden-Württemberg, Germany; 1. Lower Stubensandstein," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 524.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "17.2 Baden-Württemberg, Germany; '1. Lower Stubensandstein' and '2. Middle Stubensandstein,'" in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 524.
↑ ^4.00 ^4.01 ^4.02 ^4.03 ^4.04 ^4.05 ^4.06 ^4.07 ^4.08 ^4.09 ^4.10 ^4.11 ^4.12 ^4.13 ^4.14 "17.2 Baden-Württemberg, Germany; 2. Middle Stubensandstein," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 524.
↑ "Table 12.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 236.
↑ Yates, A.M. (2003). "Species taxonomy of the sauropodomorph dinosaurs from the Löwenstein Formation (Norian, Late Triassic) of Germany". Palaeontology 46 (2): 317–337
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 "Table 3.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 50.
↑ "Table 3.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 48.
↑ Galton, P. M. (1985). "The poposaurid thecodontian Teratosaurus suevicus von Meyer, plus referred specimens mostly based on prosauropod dinosaurs". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, B, 116: 1-29.
↑ Benton, M.J. (1986). "The late Triassic reptile Teratosaurus - a rauisuchian, not a dinosaur". Palaeontology 29: 293-301.

Bibliography

Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (2004), The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 1–880, ISBN 0-520-24209-2, https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C, retrieved 2019-02-21

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Löwenstein Formation. Read more

[triassicdistribution-1] Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Triassic, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 521–525. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

[lower-stub-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "17.2 Baden-Württemberg, Germany; 1. Lower Stubensandstein," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 524.

[both-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "17.2 Baden-Württemberg, Germany; '1. Lower Stubensandstein' and '2. Middle Stubensandstein,'" in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 524.

[middle-stub-4] 4.00 ^4.01 ^4.02 ^4.03 ^4.04 ^4.05 ^4.06 ^4.07 ^4.08 ^4.09 ^4.10 ^4.11 ^4.12 ^4.13 ^4.14 "17.2 Baden-Württemberg, Germany; 2. Middle Stubensandstein," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 524.

[table-12-1-236-5] "Table 12.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 236.

[Yates2003-6] Yates, A.M. (2003). "Species taxonomy of the sauropodomorph dinosaurs from the Löwenstein Formation (Norian, Late Triassic) of Germany". Palaeontology 46 (2): 317–337

[table-3-1-50-7] 7.0 ^7.1 "Table 3.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 50.

[table-3-1-8] "Table 3.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 48.

[Galton85-9] Galton, P. M. (1985). "The poposaurid thecodontian Teratosaurus suevicus von Meyer, plus referred specimens mostly based on prosauropod dinosaurs". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, B, 116: 1-29.

[Benton86-10] Benton, M.J. (1986). "The late Triassic reptile Teratosaurus - a rauisuchian, not a dinosaur". Palaeontology 29: 293-301.

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