List of Indian musical instruments

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Indian musical instruments can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).

Chordophones

Plucked strings

Arched harp
Bulbul Tarang
Dotar, Dotora, or Dotara
Dhrupad
Ektara
Getchu Vadyam or Jhallari
Gopichand or Gopiyantra or Khamak
Gottuvadhyam or Chitravina
Katho
Sarod
Sitar
Surbahar
Surshringar
Swarabat
Swarmandal
Tambura
Tritantri Veena

Tumbi
Tuntuna
Magadi Veena
Hansa Veena
Mohan Veena
Nakula Veena
Nanduni
Pamiri rubab
Rudra Veena, also called Bīn in North India
Sagar Veena
Saraswati Veena
Vichitra Veena
Yazh
Ranjan Veena
Mayuri Veena
Rubab (instrument)
Triveni Veena

Bowed strings

Chikara
Dhantara
Dilruba
Ektara violin
Esraj
Kamaicha
Kingri (string instrument)
Mayuri Vina or Taus
Onavillu
Behala (violin type)
Pena (musical instrument)
Pinaka vina
Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin
Ravanahatha
Sarangi
Classical Sarangi
Sarinda
Tar Shehnai
Taus
Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument

Other string instruments

Gethu or Jhallari – struck tanpura
Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
Pulluvan kutam
Santoor – Hammered dulcimer

Aerophones

Single reed

Pepa
Pungi or Been

Bansuri player at Mehrangarh Fort at Jodhpur.

Double reed

Kuzhal
Mukhavina
Nadaswaram
Shehnai
Sundari
Tangmuri

Flute

Alghoza – double flute
Bansuri
Venu (Carnatic flute) Pullanguzhal

Bagpipes

Mashak
Titti
Sruti upanga

Free reed

Gogona
Morsing

Free reed and bellows

Shruti box
Harmonium (hand-pumped)

Brass

Bigul – see Bugle
Ekkalam
Karnal
Kombu (instrument)
Ramsinga
Kahal
Nagfani
Turi
Tutari

Membranophones

Hand drums

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Learning to play tabla

Tumbaknaer, drum from Jammu and Kashmir for accompanying devotionals

Dhad
Damru
Dimadi
Dhol
Dholak
Dholki
Duggi
Ghat singhari or Gada Singari
Ghumot
Gummeta
Kanjira
Khol
Kinpar and Dhopar (Tribal Drums)
Madal
Mardala
Maddale
Maram
Mizhavu
Mridangam
Naal

Pakhavaj
Pakhavaj Jori – Sikh instrument similar to Tabla
Panchamukha vadyam
Pung cholom
Shuddha Madalam or Maddalam
Tabala / Tabl / Chameli – goblet drum
Tabla
Tabla Tarang – set of Tablas
Tamate
Thanthi Panai
Thimila
Tumbak, Tumbaknari, Tumbaknaer
Tumdak'
Udukku

Hand frame drums

Daf, duf, or dafli – medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
Dubki, dimdi or dimri – small frame drum without jingles
Kanjira – small frame drum with one jingle
Kansi – small drum without jingles
Patayani thappu – medium frame drum played with hands

Stick and hand drums

Chenda
Davul
Dhak
Dhimay
Dhol
Dholi
Dollu
Idakka
Thavil
Udukai
Urumi (drum)

Stick drums

Chande
Davul
Kachhi Dhol
Nagara – pair of kettledrums
Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums
Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks
Sambal
Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks
Tamak'
Tasha – type of kettledrum
Timki
Urumee

Idiophones

Chigggjha – fire tong with brass jingles
Chengila – metal disc
Eltathalam
Gegvrer – brass vessel
Ghaynti – Northern Indian bell
Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
Ghunyugroo
Khartal or Chiplya
Manjira or jhanj or taal
Nut – clay pot
Sankarpjlnjang – lithophone
Thali – metal plate
Thattukanvjzhi mannai
Yakshahgana bells

Melodic

Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone

Hand harmonium

Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.

Electronic

Roland HandSonic
Electronic tanpura
Electronic (digital) tabla
Talameter

References

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of Indian musical instruments. Read more