Short description : none
This is a chronological list of pioneer aircraft built, planned or conceptualized before 1914. Entries here may or may not be repeated in the main List of aircraft pages.
Before the 19th century
12000 BC Vailixi flying machines[citation needed ]
12000 BC Vimanika flying machines[citation needed ]
400 BC Archytas steam powered pigeon
1485 Da Vinci Ornithopter
1493 Da Vinci Helicopter
1495 Da Vinci Aeroplane
1648 Hautsch and Burattini Flying machine
1655 Borelli and Hooke Ornithopter
1670 Terzi Flying boat
1678 Besnier Ornithopter[ 1]
1709 De Gusmao Steam airship
1714 Swedenborg Monoplane
1742 De Bacqueville Artificial wings[ 1]
1754 Lomonosov Helicopter
1764 Bauer Ornithopter
1768 Paucton Helicopter
1772 Desforges Flying machine[ 1]
1781 Blanchard Flying machine
1781 Meerwein Ornithopter
1784 Blanchard Airship[ 1]
1784 Charles and Robert Airship
1784 Gerard Ornithopter[ 1]
1784 Launoy and Bienvenu Helicopter
1784 Meusnier Airship
1784 Renaux Ornithopter[ 1]
1784 Thibault Flying machine[ 1]
1788 De Goue Flying machine[ 1]
1793 Aguilera Glider
1796 Cayley Helicopter
19th century
1900
1901
1901 Blériot I
1901 Kress Floatplane
1901 Nemethy Flugrad (Emil von Némethy)
1901 Santos-Dumont No.5 airship
1901 Santos-Dumont No.6 airship
1901 Whitehead No. 21 (Gustav Whitehead Weisskops)
1901 Wright No.2 Glider
1902
1902 Cannon Ezekiel Airship
1902 Ferber Biplane glider (Ferdinand Ferber )
1902 Lebaudy No.1 airship
1902 Santos-Dumont No.7 airship
1902 Spencer Airship No.1
1902 Wright No.3 glider
1903
1903 Botts Flying machine
1903 Fedorov Five wing plane
1903 Jatho Doppeldecker motorgleiter
1903 Langley Aerodrome A
1903 Lebaudy No.1 Jaune I bis airship
1903 Pearse monoplane
1903 Santos-Dumont No.9 Baladeuse airship
1903 Santos-Dumont No.10 airship
1903 Spencer Airship No.2
1903 Tatin Mallet Airship
1903 Wright Flyer l
1904
1905
1905 Blériot II
1905 Blériot-Voisin Floatplane glider
1905 Ellehammer Monoplane
1905 Ferber VI glider
1905 Gillespie Aeroplane
1905 Jones Aeroplane (Charles Oliver Jones)
1905 Lebaudy No.1B airship
1905 Lipkovski Helicopter[ 4]
1905 Montgomery California tandem glider[ 3]
1905 Montgomery Defalco tandem glider[ 3]
1905 Santos-Dumont No.11 monoplane
1905 Santos-Dumont No.12 helicopter
1905 Santos-Dumont No.13 airship
1905 Schio Italia I airship
1905 Voisin Floatplane glider
1905 Willows No.1 airship
1905 Wright Flyer III
1906
1906 Blériot III tandem biplane
1906 Blériot IV tandem biplane
1906 Bellamy Floatplane[ 1]
1906 Crocco and Ricaldoni Airship 1
1906 De La Hault Ornithopter[ 9] (flapper)
1906 Ellehammer No.1 tractor monoplane
1906 Ellehammer semi-biplane
1906 Gilbert Monoplane[ 1] (Eugene Gilbert)
1906 Godard Airship (French airship built for an American journalist to reach the North Pole)
1906 Lebaudy No.1C airship
1906 Lebaudy No.2 Patrie airship
1906 Parseval Versuchsluftschiff
1906 Pischoff et Koechlin Tandem biplane
1906 Santos-Dumont No.14A airship
1906 Santos-Dumont No.14B airship
1906 Santos-Dumont No.14bis Canard
1906 Surcouf Airship
1906 Vuia I
1906 Vuia I bis
1906 Zeppelin LZ-2 airship
1906 Zeppelin LZ-3 Z-I airship
1906 Zodiac No.1 airship
1907
1907 ABF No.1 NS I and NS II airship (also known as British Army Airship No.1 NS I and NS II)
1907 Agusta Biplane[ 10] (Giovanni Agusta)
1907 Blanc and Barlatier Aeroplane
1907 Blériot V Canard
1907 Blériot VI Libellule
1907 Blériot VII monoplane
1907 Breguet-Richet Gyroplane No.1
1907 Collomb Ornithopter
1907 Cornu helicopter
1907 De La Vaux Monoplane[ 10]
1907 De Pischoff Tractor biplane
1907 Dunne D.1 glider
1907 Ellehammer Triplane
1907 Equivelly-Montjustin Multiplane
1907 Epps Monoplane
1907 Esnault-Pelterie REP.1
1907 Etrich-Wels I
1907 Farman HF.I[ 9] pusher biplane (Henri Farman)
1907 Ferber VIII
1907 Gammeter Orthopter
1907 Gross-Basenach Versuchsluftschiff
1907 Koechlin No.1 biplane[ 10]
1907 Lebaudy No.2A airship
1907 Phillips 1907 Multi-Wing Flying machine
1907 Santos-Dumont No.15 biplane[ 10]
1907 Santos-Dumont No.16 airship
1907 Santos-Dumont No.19 Demoiselle
1907 Santos-Dumont No.19bis Demoiselle
1907 Sautereau Biplane[ 10]
1907 Seux Monoplane[ 11] (Edmond Seux)
1907 Torres-Quevedo No.1 airship
1907 Voisin 1907 biplane
1907 Voisin HF.I[ 10] biplane
1907 Vuia II
1907 Wright Model A
1908
1908 AEA June Bug
1908 AEA Loon pontoon floatplane
1908 AEA Red Wing
1908 AEA Silver Dart
1908 AEA White Wing
1908 Antoinette IV
1908 Antoinette V
1908 Astra-Clement-Bayard No.1 airship
1908 Astra-Kapferer Tandem plane[ 10]
1908 Auffin-Ordt Monoplane[ 10]
1908 Baldwin SC-1 airship
1908 Bates Biplane I[ 10]
1908 Bates Biplane II[ 10]
1908 Berliner-Williams Helicopter
1908 Bertin Compound helicopter
1908 Blanc et Barlatier Monoplane[ 10]
1908 Blériot VIII monoplane
1908 Blériot IX monoplane
1908 Blériot X biplane
1908 Blériot XI monoplane
1908 Bocker Triplane[ 10]
1908 Bonnet-Labranche No.1 pusher biplane[ 10]
1908 Bonnet-Labranche No.2 pusher biplane
1908 Bousson Borguis Triplane[ 10]
1908 Breguet-Richet Gyroplane No.2
1908 Cody I biplane (also known as British Army Aeroplane No.1 of Cody 'Cathedral')
1908 De Caters Triplane
1908 Delagrange No.2 biplane[ 10]
1908 Delagrange No.3 biplane[ 10]
1908 Dernaut Monoplane[ 10]
1908 Denhaut-Bouyer-Mercier Biplane
1908 Dufaux Tractor dreidecker[ 10]
1908 Dunne D.4
1908 Ellehammer IV tractor biplane[ 10]
1908 Esnault-Pelterie REP 2 monoplane
1908 Etrich-Wels Tailless parasol[ 10]
1908 Etrich-Wels Tractor monoplane
1908 Euler No.3 doppeldecker[ 10]
1908 Farman HF.Ibis[ 9] pusher triplane (Henri Farman)
1908 Farman HF Flying fish monoplane
1908 Ferber IX (also known as Antoinette III)
1908 Gasnier Biplane (René Gasnier)
1908 Gastambide-Mengin I (also known as Antoinette I)
1908 Gastambide-Mengin II (also known as Antoinette II)
1908 Geisler Eindecker
1908 Goupy Triplane
1908 Grade Dreidecker[ 10]
1908 Gross-Basenach M I airship
1908 Guilbaut Tandem monoplane
1908 Guyot et Verdier Biplane[ 10]
1908 Hippsich Eindecker[ 9] (maybe 1908)
1908 Italian Μilitary Αirship No.1
1908 Jatho IV doppeldecker motorgleiter[ 10]
1908 Kapferer Tandem monoplane[ 12]
1908 Lebaudy No.3 Republique airship
1908 Leray Triplane[ 10]
1908 Liore No.1
1908 Lorenzen Helicopter
1908 Luyties Otto Helicopter
1908 Ostoja-Ostaszweski Stibor No.2 ornithopter[ 4]
1908 Ostoja-Ostaszweski Stibor No.3 ornithopter[ 4]
1908 Passat Ornithopter
1908 Pean Monoplane[ 10]
1908 Pischoff et Koechlin Tandem monoplane[ 10]
1908 Quick Monoplane
1908 Robart 1 1.2 monoplane[ 10]
1908 Robinson Monoplane[ 10]
1908 Roe I Biplane
1908 Roshon Multiplane
1908 Santos-Dumont No.20 Demoiselle
1908 Schneider No.1 biplane (Frederick Schneider)
1908 Scholtz Flying machine
1908 Sellers No.5 quadriplane[ 10]
1908 Seux-Roesch Biplane
1908 Shabsky Uchebny airship
1908 Torres-Quevedo No.2 airship
1908 Tatin Monoplane [ 10]
1908 Tips Canard biplane[ 10]
1908 Vaniman Triplane[ 10]
1908 Vendome No.2 monoplane[ 10]
1908 Voisin HF.Ibis[ 10] biplane
1908 Voisin Standard biplane[ 10]
1908 Vuitton-Huber Helicopter
1908 Williams Quadriplane
1908 Witzig-Liore-Dutilleul Biplane
1908 Zens Pusher biplane[ 10]
1908 Zeppelin LZ-4.2 airship
1908 Zeppelin LZ-4.3 airship
1908 Zerbe Sextuplane (James Slough Zerbe)
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
Bleriot XI
Blériot XI Artillerie
Blériot XI Ecole
Blériot XI Militaire
Blériot XI R1
Blériot XI REP
Blériot XIbis
Blériot XI-2 Artillerie
Blériot XI-2 BG
Blériot XI-2 Genie
Blériot XI-2 Hauteur
Blériot XI-2bis
Blériot XI-3 Concours Militaire 3 seater
Albatros Taube (Produced by the Albatros Flugzeugwerke)
Albatros Doppeltaube (Biplane version produced by the Albatros Flugzeugwerke)
Aviatik Taube (Produced by the Automobil und Aviatik AG firm)
DFW Stahltaube (Version with a steel frame)
EFW Etrich Taube (Produced by the inventor Igo Etrich and EFW Etrich Flugzeugwerke)
EFW Etrich II Taube 2-seater tractor monoplane
EFW Etrich II modified Taube tractor monoplane
EFW Etrich III Möve (Seagull) tractor monoplane
EFW Etrich IV Manövertaube Type B military 2-seater monoplane
EFW Etrich IV Taube tractor monoplane
EFW Etrich V Taube tractor monoplane
EFW Etrich VI Taube tractor monoplane
EFW Etrich VII Renntaube 3-seater racing monoplane
EFW Etrich VIII Luft-Limousine 4-seater high-wing monoplane
EFW Etrich IX Schwalbe monoplane
EFW Etrich XII Rennapparat 2-seater bomber monoplane
EFW Etrich Taube Type 1913 2-seater bomber monoplane
EFW Etrich Manövertaube Type F 2-seater military monoplane
EFW Etrich Etrichapparat monoplane
Etrich-Rumpler Taube (Initial name of the Rumpler Taube)
Gotha Taube (Produced by the Gothaer Waggonfabrik as the LE1 , LE2 and LE3 (land eindecker means land monoplane) and designated A.I by the Idflieg)
Harlan Pfeil Taube
Halberstadt Taube III (Produced by the Halberstadt)
Jeannin Taube (Jeannin Stahltaube version with a steel tubing fuselage structure)
Kondor Taube (Produced by the Kondor)
RFG Taube (Produced by the Reise und Industrieflug GmbH (RFG))
Roland Taube
Rumpler Taube (Produced by Rumpler Luftfahrzeugbau)
Rumpler Delfin-Taube (Rumpler Kabinentaube Delfin version with a closed cabin, produced by Rumpler Luftfahrzeugbau)
References
↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 Opdycke, Leonard E. (1999). French Aeroplanes before the Great War . Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-0-7643-0752-2 .
↑ Chanute, O, Progress in Aerial Locomotion
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Harwood, Craig; Fogel, Gary (2012). Quest for Flight: John J. Montgomery and the Dawn of Aviation in the West . Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806187815 . https://books.google.com/books?id=Tc1x40255swC .
↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 Cynk, Jerzy B. (1971). Polish Aircraft 1893–1939 . London: Putnam. ISBN 978-0-370-00085-5 . https://archive.org/details/polishaircraft1800cynk .
↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 Jane, Fred T. (1909). Jane's All the World's Airships (Facsimile edition 1969 ed.). London: Sampson Low & Marston. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7153-4649-5 .
↑ 10.000 10.001 10.002 10.003 10.004 10.005 10.006 10.007 10.008 10.009 10.010 10.011 10.012 10.013 10.014 10.015 10.016 10.017 10.018 10.019 10.020 10.021 10.022 10.023 10.024 10.025 10.026 10.027 10.028 10.029 10.030 10.031 10.032 10.033 10.034 10.035 10.036 10.037 10.038 10.039 10.040 10.041 10.042 10.043 10.044 10.045 10.046 10.047 10.048 10.049 10.050 10.051 10.052 10.053 10.054 10.055 10.056 10.057 10.058 10.059 10.060 10.061 10.062 10.063 10.064 10.065 10.066 10.067 10.068 10.069 10.070 10.071 10.072 10.073 10.074 10.075 10.076 10.077 10.078 10.079 10.080 10.081 10.082 10.083 10.084 10.085 10.086 10.087 10.088 10.089 10.090 10.091 10.092 10.093 10.094 10.095 10.096 10.097 10.098 10.099 10.100 10.101 10.102 10.103 10.104 10.105 10.106 10.107 10.108 10.109 10.110 10.111 10.112 10.113 10.114 10.115 10.116 10.117 10.118 10.119 10.120 10.121 10.122 10.123 10.124 10.125 10.126 10.127 10.128 10.129 10.130 10.131 10.132 10.133 10.134 10.135 10.136 10.137 10.138 10.139 10.140 10.141 10.142 10.143 10.144 10.145 10.146 10.147 10.148 10.149 10.150 10.151 10.152 10.153 10.154 10.155 10.156 10.157 10.158 10.159 10.160 10.161 10.162 10.163 10.164 10.165 10.166 10.167 10.168 10.169 10.170 10.171 10.172 10.173 10.174 10.175 10.176 10.177 10.178 10.179 10.180 10.181 10.182 10.183 10.184 10.185 10.186 10.187 10.188 10.189 10.190 10.191 10.192 10.193 10.194 10.195 10.196 10.197 10.198 10.199 10.200 10.201 10.202 10.203 10.204 10.205 10.206 10.207 10.208 10.209 10.210 10.211 10.212 10.213 10.214 10.215 10.216 10.217 10.218 10.219 10.220 10.221 10.222 10.223 10.224 10.225 10.226 10.227 10.228 10.229 10.230 10.231 10.232 10.233 10.234 10.235 10.236 10.237 10.238 10.239 10.240 10.241 10.242 10.243 10.244 10.245 10.246 10.247 10.248 10.249 10.250 10.251 10.252 10.253 10.254 10.255 10.256 10.257 10.258 10.259 10.260 10.261 10.262 10.263 10.264 10.265 10.266 10.267 10.268 10.269 10.270 10.271 10.272 10.273 10.274 10.275 10.276 10.277 10.278 10.279 10.280 10.281 10.282 10.283 10.284 10.285 10.286 10.287 10.288 10.289 10.290 10.291 10.292 10.293 10.294 10.295 10.296 10.297 10.298 10.299 10.300 10.301 10.302 10.303 10.304 10.305 10.306 10.307 10.308 10.309 10.310 10.311 10.312 10.313 10.314 10.315 10.316 10.317 10.318 10.319 10.320 10.321 10.322 10.323 10.324 10.325 10.326 10.327 10.328 10.329 10.330 10.331 10.332 10.333 10.334 10.335 10.336 10.337 10.338 10.339 10.340 10.341 10.342 10.343 10.344 10.345 10.346 10.347 10.348 10.349 10.350 10.351 10.352 10.353 10.354 10.355 10.356 10.357 10.358 10.359 10.360 10.361 10.362 10.363 10.364 10.365 10.366 10.367 10.368 10.369 10.370 10.371 10.372 10.373 10.374 10.375 10.376 10.377 10.378 10.379 10.380 10.381 10.382 10.383 10.384 10.385 10.386 10.387 10.388 10.389 10.390 10.391 10.392 10.393 10.394 10.395 10.396 10.397 10.398 10.399 10.400 10.401 10.402 10.403 10.404 10.405 10.406 10.407 10.408 10.409 10.410 10.411 10.412 10.413 10.414 10.415 10.416 10.417 10.418 10.419 10.420 10.421 10.422 10.423 10.424 10.425 10.426 10.427 10.428 10.429 10.430 10.431 10.432 10.433 10.434 10.435 10.436 10.437 10.438 10.439 10.440 10.441 10.442 10.443 10.444 10.445 10.446 10.447 10.448 10.449 10.450 10.451 10.452 10.453 10.454 10.455 10.456 10.457 10.458 10.459 10.460 10.461 10.462 10.463 10.464 10.465 10.466 10.467 10.468 10.469 10.470 10.471 10.472 10.473 10.474 10.475 10.476 10.477 10.478 10.479 10.480 10.481 10.482 10.483 10.484 10.485 10.486 10.487 10.488 10.489 10.490 10.491 10.492 10.493 10.494 10.495 10.496 10.497 10.498 10.499 10.500 10.501 10.502 10.503 "EarlyBirds1907" . http://chezpeps.free.fr/musee/modelflight-01/1907.htm .
↑ "L'Aéroplane Edmond Seux" . l'Aérophile : 165. June 1907. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6551462k/f175.image .
↑ L'aéroplane Kapferer . l'Aérophile : 1 April 1908, p. 122.
↑ Ekland, K.O. (2008-06-06). "Aerofiles" . USA: Aerofiles.com. http://aerofiles.com/_yz.html#_z .
↑ 14.0 14.1 "TABLE: OF AEROPLANES AT OLYMPIA" . Flight : 235. 26 March 1910. https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1910/1910%20-%200237.html . Retrieved 7 April 2018 .
↑ Angle, Glenn D. (1921). Airplane Engine Encyclopedia . Dayton, Ohio: THE OTTERBEIN PRESS. https://archive.org/details/airplaneenginee00anglgoog .
↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 Lewis, Peter (1962). British Aircraft 1809–1914 . London: Putnam.
↑ 17.0 17.1 Goodall, Michael H.; Albert E. Tagg (2001). British Aircraft Before the Great War . Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing. p. 10 . ISBN 978-0-7643-1207-6 . https://archive.org/details/britishaeroplane00good .
↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Jane, Fred T. (1969). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1913 (Facsimile ed.). Newton Abbott: David & Charles (Publishers). ISBN 978-0-7153-4388-3 .
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
By characteristic
Type Fuselage Manufacturer Engine number Range Use Research Rotor-powered
Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of aircraft (pre-1914). Read more