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List of handheld game consoles

Topic: Engineering

 From HandWiki - Reading time: 18 min

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The list of handheld game consoles documents notable handheld game consoles released as commercial products. Handheld game consoles are portable video game consoles with a built-in screen and game controls and the ability to play multiple and separate video games. It does not include PDAs, smartphones, or tablet computers; while those devices are often capable of playing games, they are not generally classified as video game consoles. This is not a complete list; it only lists handheld game consoles with its own Wikipedia article and a source verifying its classification as a handheld console. Currently there are Script error: No such module "Table row counter". entries in this list, Script error: No such module "Table row counter". consoles were canceled.[note 1]

List

Name Image Notes Release year Units sold Ref.
Microvision (Milton Bradley Company) 150px
  • The very first handheld game console that used interchangeable cartridges.[1]
  • Plays monochrome games from ROM cartridges.[1]
  • Cartridges also contained the individual processor and buttons required to play game.[2]
  • Roughly 10-12 games were released.[2]
  • Considered a commercial failure, but a creative success that paved the way for the Game Boy's later success.[2]
 1979[2] [1]
Entex Select-A-Game 150px
  • Dual set of input buttons above and below screen allowed for two player play on same console.[3]
  • Plays monochrome games from ROM cartridges.[3]
  • Only 6 games released.[3]
 1981[3] [3]
Entex Adventure Vision 150px 1982[5] 50,000[5] [4]
Palmtex Portable Videogame System 150px
  • Only 3 games released.[6]
  • Plays cartridges containing a colored sprite overlay, using a monochrome LCD on top of the overlay to cover/uncover each sprite during gameplay[6]
 1984[6] [6]
Digi Casse
  • Game cartridges contained an LCD
 1984 [7]
Epoch Game Pocket Computer Epoch Game Pocket Computer from the front left.
  • Cartridge based handheld, with additional software built in.
  • Monochrome display
  • Battery life of approximately 60+ hours on 4 AA batteries.
 1984 [8]
Etch A Sketch Animator 2000 150px
  • Considered a commercial failure.[9]
  • Only 3 games released.[9]
  • Includes built-in drawing functionality with a touch pad and stylus.[9]
 1988 [9]
Game Boy (Nintendo) 150px
  • First of the Game Boy line of handhelds.[1]
  • Plays monochrome games from ROM cartridges.[1]
  • Hardware revisions include the smaller Game Boy Pocket in 1996, and color screened Game Boy Color in 1998.[10][1]
  • 1,244 games released.[11]
  • Was the best-selling handheld console until 2010 when it was surpassed by the Nintendo DS.[12]
 1989[1] 118,690,000[13] [1]
Atari Lynx (Atari) 150px
  • First handheld electronic game with a color LCD,[3] 3.5-inch screen.[1]
  • Plays ROM cartridges[14]
  • Hardware revision smaller Atari Lynx II released in 1991.[3]
  • Less than 100 games released.[14]
  • Considered a commercial failure.[3]
 1989[1] 500,000[15] [1]
Game Gear (Sega) 150px 1990[19] 11,000,000[16] [1]
TurboExpress (NEC) 150px
  • Internally similar to NEC's TurboGrafx-16 home console, directly able to play its games.[3]
  • Plays ROM cartridges[1]
  • Technologically advanced for its time, but high price and short battery life plagued its commercial appeal.[1][3]
 1990[20] 1,500,000[15] [1]
Gamate (Bit Corporation) 150px
  • Technologically similar to the original Game Boy.[21]
  • Plays monochrome games on large, credit card sized ROM cartridges.[21]
  • Hardware revisions were reported, but they were largely cosmetic and trivial.[21]
  • At least 71 games are known to have been released.[21]
  • No exact sales figures are known, but it is generally considered to be a commercial failure.[21]
 1990[21] [21]
Game Master (Hartung) 150px 1990[18] [18]
Watara Supervision 150px
  • Technologically similar to the Game Boy.[18]
  • Screen could be tilted relative to controls via flexible connection.[22]
  • Hardware revision/version that looked very similar to the Game Boy.[18]
  • Plays monochrome games from ROM cartridges.[22]
  • Could link to a television via a link cable.[22]
  • Considered a commercial failure, often cited due to a lack of games.[22][18]
 1992[18] [18]
Mega Duck (Welback Holdings) 150px 1993[18] [18]
Nomad (Sega) 150px
  • Sega's second and last traditional handheld.
  • Played entire Sega Genesis library and its exact ROM cartridges.[1]
  • No games specifically made for it, no compatibility for any other Sega platforms.[3]
  • Suffered from fast battery consumption and launching at a time when Sega trying to support many other platforms concurrently.[18][3]
  • Considered a commercial failure.[18][1]
 1995[15] 1,000,000[15] [1]
Design Master Senshi Mangajukuu
  • Bandai's touchscreen handheld game console
 1995 [23]
Game.com (Tiger Electronics) 150px
  • First handheld to feature a touchscreen and internet connection.[3]
  • Plays monochrome games from ROM cartridges.[3]
  • Hardware revision Game.com Pocket Pro released in 1998.[3]
  • Considered a commercial failure.[15][3]
 1997[3] 300,000[15] [3]
Game Boy Color (Nintendo) 100px 1998[1] 118,690,000[13] [1]
Neo Geo Pocket (SNK) 150px 1998[25] 2,000,000[15] [1]
WonderSwan (Bandai) 150px
  • Created by Game Boy creator Gunpei Yokoi after leaving Nintendo.[3]
  • Plays monochrome games from ROM cartridges[3]
  • Hardware revisions of WonderSwan Color released in 2000 and SwanCrystal in 2002.[26]
  • Considered a commercial failure, especially after the 2001 release of the Game Boy Advance.[1]
 1999[1] 3,500,000[27][28] [1]
Cybiko 100px
  • Combination PDA and handheld game console.[29]
  • Plays digital games via internet download from PC.[29]
  • More than 430 games and applications produced, all free.[30]
  • Hardware revision Cybiko Xtreme released in September 2001.[29]
 2000[29] 500,000[31] [32]
Game Boy Advance (Nintendo) 150px
  • Part of the Game Boy line of handheld consoles.[1]
  • Backwards compatible with Game Boy and Game Boy Color games.[33]
  • Plays games from ROM cartridges.[33]
  • Hardware revision Game Boy Advance SP released in 2003, smaller Game Boy Micro in 2005.[3]
  • Roughly 1,500 games released.[33]
  • Considered a commercial success despite its shorter lifespan due to the release of the Nintendo DS in 2004.[3][1]
 2001[34] 81,500,000[35] [1]
GP32 (Game Park) 150px
  • Open source hardware handheld released in South Korea.[1]
  • Plays SmartMedia cards and digital games via internet download.[3]
  • Most releases for the system were open-source software games and applications.[3]
  • Few commercial games released, as publishers feared its openness would lead to piracy.[3]
  • Considered a commercial failure, but credited as influential in the world of open source hardware.[1]
 2001[3] 32,000[36] [1]
P/ECE (AQUAPLUS)
File:Piece PME-001.jpg
  • Open source hardware handheld released only in Japan.[37]
  • Plays digital games downloaded via connecting to a computer with USB-B.[38]
  • Most releases for the system were open-source software games and applications.[38]
  • Could interact with select computer games while connected to a computer, mostly visual novels and eroge.[39]
 2001[37]
N-Gage (Nokia) 150px 2003[41][3] 3,000,000[15] [1]
GameKing 150x150px
  • Series of low end handhelds
 2003 [42]
Tapwave Zodiac 150px
  • Combination handheld game console and PDA.[1][3]
  • Features a touchscreen with an included stylus and an MP3 player.[3]
  • Plays digital games via internal memory or SD cards.[3]
  • Received critical acclaim for its concept, but was a commercial failure, especially after Sony's 2004 release of the PlayStation Portable.[1]
 2003[1] 200,000[15] [1]
Nintendo DS (Nintendo) 150px
  • Successor to the Game Boy Advance line, first console in the Nintendo DS line.[43]
  • Feature two separate screens, one of which a touch screen with a stylus.[43]
  • Hardware revisions include Nintendo DS Lite in 2006, Nintendo DSi in 2008, Nintendo DSi XL in 2009.[43]
  • All models play DS ROM cartridges; regular DS models compatible with Game Boy Advance games, DSi models dropped GBA support but added limited library of digital download games.[33]
  • Considered a commercial success; best-selling handheld of all time, and second best-selling console of all time behind the PlayStation 2.[44]
 2004[1] 154,020,000[45] [1]
PlayStation Portable (Sony) 150px
  • Sony's first traditional entry into the handheld console market.[3]
  • Plays proprietary Universal Media Discs and digital download games via internet.[46]
  • Minor hardware revisions include PSP-2000 in 2007, PSP-3000 in 2008.[3]
  • Major hardware revisions include UMD drive-less PSP Go in 2009, wifi-connection-less PSP E1000 in 2011.[3]
  • Its legacy is mixed; its sales are far more than any other non-Nintendo handheld, but its sales are just over half of its main competitor of the time, the Nintendo DS.[3]
 2004 80,000,000[47] [1]
Gizmondo (Tiger Telematics) 150px
  • Plays SD cards.[48]
  • Features camera, GPS, text messaging, and Bluetooth wireless connectivity.[49]
  • Despite features, technologically well behind main competitors of the time of PlayStation Portable and Nintendo DS.[48]
  • Had an alternative "Smart Ads" model released concurrently which sold at almost half the price, but required daily streaming advertisements to be watched on the handheld, well before smartphone games popularized the concept.[49]
  • Considered a severe commercial failure, propelled by a juxtaposition low sales and particularly high promotional spending and investments.[49][1]
 2005[1] 25,000[15] [1]
GP2X (GamePark Holdings) 150px 2005[50] >60,000[51] [52]
Dingoo A320 (Dingo Digital Technology) 150px
  • Open source hardware handheld game console with music and video playback functions.[53]
  • Plays digital distribution games via internet download and mini-SD cards.[53]
  • Sold with connection accessories to playing on a television.[53]
  • Limited retail software.[53]
 2009[53] [53]
GP2X Wiz (GamePark Holdings) 150px
  • Open source hardware handheld game console.[54]
  • Successor to the GP2X.[54]
  • Possesses upgrades in screen and button quality, but only minor upgrade in processing power.[54]
  • Plays digital games via internet download, few retail games.[54]
 2009[54] [54]
Pandora (OpenPandora) 150px
  • Open source hardware handheld game console.[55]
  • Combination game console and subnotebook; appearance of a laptop shrunk down to the size of a Nintendo 3DS.[56]
  • Plays digital games via internet download.[56]
  • Features a touchscreen, full QWERTY keyboard, and TV-out.[56]
 2010[55] [55]
CAANOO (GamePark Holdings) 150px
  • Open source hardware handheld game console.[49]
  • Successor to the GP2X Wiz[57]
  • Plays digital games via internet download.[57]
  • Considered a commercial failure.[49]
 2010[49] [49]
Nintendo 3DS (Nintendo) 150px
  • Successor to the Nintendo DS line, start of the Nintendo 3DS line.[58]
  • Hardware revisions include the Nintendo 3DS XL, Nintendo 2DS and New Nintendo 3DS.[58]
  • Uses two separate screens and is capable of projecting stereoscopic 3D effects without use of 3D glasses.[58]
  • Plays cartridges and digital games via internet download.[59]
  • Mixed legacy; a commercial success as far as 75 million sold put it among the best selling handhelds, and well above main competitor PlayStation Vita, but a large sales drop from predecessor Nintendo DS, and quickly dropped after its own successor, Nintendo Switch, was released.[58]
 2011[60] 75,940,000[61] [1]
PlayStation Vita (Sony) 150px
  • Sony's second handheld console, successor to the PlayStation Portable.[62]
  • Two models launched; a regular one, and one with 3G internet capabilities that was quickly phased out.[62]
  • Minor hardware revisions model "PCH-2000" released in 2013
  • Mixed legacy; was a commercial failure, but retained a cult following, and is cited as influential in the successful PlayStation 4 home console released after it.[62]
 2011[62] 16,000,000[62] [62]
Neo Geo X (Tommo) 150px
  • Part of the Neo Geo line, releases are adaptations of past Neo Geo titles.[63]
  • Plays games loaded on SD cards, no digital distribution.[63]
  • Contains HDMI, A/V and control docking ports for connecting to a television.[63]
  • The publishing and distribution was licensed to Tommo from SNK Playmore.[63]
  • Considered a commercial failure for both parties; SNK ordered a halt on production after consumer complaints on quality, which in turn hurt Tommo financially. Both parties threatened legal action.[64]
 2012[65] [64]
Game Gadget 150px
  • Plays a number of licensed Sega games
  • Linux based handheld
 2012 ~20,000[66]
GCW Zero (Game Consoles Worldwide) 150px
  • Linux-based on open source hardware.[67]
  • Focus on homebrew and emulation.[68]
  • Relatively small-scale, niche production funded by Kickstarter.[67][68]
 2013[68] [68]
Nvidia Shield Portable 150px 2012[71] [69]
GPD XD (GamePad Digital) 150px 2015 [72]
Arduboy
  • Open source hardware based on the Arduino hardware platform
  • The original version was 1.6 mm thick, with the height and width of a credit card
  • Games published on Arduboy Arcade are free, open source and available to be edited
  • 'Arduboy FX', an upgraded version, includes a flash memory chip that stores over 250 games on the device itself
 2016 [73]
GPD Win (GamePad Digital) 150px 2016[75] [75]
Nintendo Switch (Nintendo) 150px
  • Can be played as a handheld or on a television when put into docking station.[1]
  • The individual Joy-Con controllers can attach to the main unit or be used separately.[76]
  • Touchscreen display with 720p resolution, up to 1080p when docked via HDMI port.[77]
  • Hardware revision in the handheld-only Nintendo Switch Lite in 2019, larger OLED screen model in 2021.[78]
  • Considered a commercial success; passing 125 million sold by 2023.[79]
 2017 154,010,000[80]
Evercade (Blaze Entertainment) 150px
  • Plays officially licensed collections of emulated retro video games.[81]
  • Design similar to original Game Boy Advance, has ability to connect to television with additional HDMI accessory.[82]
  • Games released through curated collections of games compiled onto a game cartridge.[81]
  • Supported by companies such as Atari, Namco, and Interplay.[81][82]
 2020[83] [81]
Analogue Pocket (Analogue)
  • Plays original game cartridge for Game Boy, Game Boy Color, Game Boy Advance, Game Gear, Neo Geo Pocket, Neo Geo Pocket Color and Atari Lynx games.
  • Has a 3.5" 1600x1440, 615 ppi Display.
  • Designed with Analogue OS, an database based operating system
  • Features Save States with original game cartridges.
 2021 [84]
Ayaneo
  • Handheld Windows gaming PC using AMD Ryzen processors
  • Various models include Aya Neo (2021), Ayaneo Next (2022) and Ayaneo Air/Ayaneo Air Pro (2022).
 2021 [85][86][87]
Steam Deck (Valve Corporation) Steam Deck console.
  • A handheld console that plays most games in the Steam library.[88]
  • Ability to run games from other game stores as well - (Epic Games Store, uPlay, etc.)[88]
  • Comes in 3 models; one LCD and two OLED models, all with different storage capacities.[89]
  • Has 7 inch, 800p touchscreen.[88]
  • Ability to hook up to PC monitor or television.[88]
 2022[90] ≈3,000,000 as of 2023[91] [92][93]
Thumby (TinyCircuits) Thumby
  • Very small formfactor handheld measuring 1.2 by 0.7 by 0.3 inches (30.5 mm × 17.8 mm × 7.6 mm).
  • Has a 0.38 by 0.27 inches (9.7 mm × 6.9 mm) black and white OLED display.
  • Can be mounted on a keychain.
  • Can play multiplayer games with a link cable.
 2022 [94]
Playdate (Panic) 150px 150px
  • Has physical appearance of the original Game Boy with a crank (used as controller input) attached to right side.[95]
  • Has a 2.7-inch black and white display.[95]
  • New games released once per week.[96]
  • Initial purchase of unit give user access to the first "season" of games (24 total.)[96]
 2022 [95]
Ayaneo 2

(Ayaneo)

2022 [97][98]
ROG Ally (Asus) ROG Ally console 2023[99] [99]
TECNO Pocket Go (Tecno Mobile)
  • Handheld Windows gaming PC using AMD Ryzen 7 processor
  • Uses Windows 11 operating system
Nintendo Switch 2 (Nintendo) The Nintendo Switch 2 in portable mode 2025 10,360,000[100]
ROG Xbox Ally (Microsoft & ASUS) ROG Xbox Ally X 2025

Cancelled

This is a list of notable cancelled handheld game consoles.

Name Image Notes Anticipated year of release Ref
Red Jade
  • GBA competitor
  • 3D capable
 2002 [101]
MoMA Eve Steam Deck console.
  • X86 based handheld
  • Capable of hybrid operation
  • Used two hot swappable lithium-ion batteries.
 ~2005 [102]
XGP Steam Deck console.
  • Successor to the GP32
  • 3D capable
 ~2007 [103]
Jungle (console) Steam Deck console.
  • MMO oriented handheld
  • Clamshell design
 2011 [104]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ This number is always up to date by this script.

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.44 "The greatest handheld games consoles – ranked!". January 15, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/games/2021/jan/15/the-greatest-handheld-games-consoles-ranked. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Milton Bradley Microvision". AllGame. http://allgame.com/platform.php?id=17664&tab=overview. 
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36 "In Pictures: 3 decades of hand-held game systems". https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/slideshow/328987/pictures-3-decades-hand-held-game-systems/. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Mallory, Jordan (January 11, 2019). "2 Rare Video Game Consoles You've Probably Never Heard Of". https://www.fanbyte.com/lists/2-rare-video-game-consoles/. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Forster, Winnie (2005). The Encyclopedia of Game.Machines: Consoles, Handhelds, and Home Computers 1972-2005. Magdalena Gniatczynska. p. 53. ISBN 3-0001-5359-4. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Jason Scott (January 26, 1984). "Popular Computing Weekly (1984-01-26) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". https://archive.org/details/popular-computing-weekly-1984-01-26/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Palmtex. Retrieved 2022-01-11. 
  7. ↑ "Bandai Digi Casse - Game Console - Computing History". https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/62892/Bandai-Digi-Casse/. 
  8. ↑ "Game Pocket Computer by Epoch – The Video Game Kraken" (in en-US). http://videogamekraken.com/game-pocket-computer. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "History of video games/Platforms/Etch-A-Sketch Animator 2000 - Wikibooks, open books for an open world" (in en). https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_video_games/Platforms/Etch-A-Sketch_Animator_2000. 
  10. ↑ "Hardware Classics: Game Boy Pocket". Nintendo Life. June 9, 2016. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2016/06/hardware_classics_game_boy_pocket. 
  11. ↑ 9/10/21 6:00AM (September 10, 2021). "Nintendo Fan Collects All 1,244 Game Boy Games In Two Years". Kotaku.com. https://kotaku.com/in-just-two-years-nintendo-fan-completes-game-boy-coll-1847649831. Retrieved 2022-01-11. 
  12. ↑ "DS finally outsells Game Boy, best-selling handheld ever". Destructoid. May 6, 2010. https://www.destructoid.com/ds-finally-outsells-game-boy-best-selling-handheld-ever/. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Consolidated Sales Transition by Region". Nintendo. January 27, 2010. http://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e0912.pdf. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "There's a mini Atari Lynx revival going on.". Engadget. 2021-08-21. https://www.engadget.com/atari-lynx-four-new-physical-games-183055733.html. Retrieved 2022-01-11. 
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 Snow, Blake (July 30, 2007). "The 10 Worst-Selling Handhelds of All Time". GamePro. http://www.gamepro.com/gamepro/domestic/games/features/125748.shtml. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 "I'll Never Love a Console Like I Loved the SEGA Game Gear". Vice.com. October 2015. https://www.vice.com/en/article/ill-never-love-a-console-like-i-loved-the-sega-game-gear-820/. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Let's revisit Game Gear vs Game Boy". Digitalspy.com. October 6, 2015. https://www.digitalspy.com/videogames/retro-gaming/a672009/sega-game-gear-vs-nintendo-game-boy-which-90s-handheld-was-the-real-games-master/. Retrieved 2022-01-11. 
  18. ↑ 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 18.11 18.12 18.13 18.14 18.15 18.16 18.17 18.18 "The Handheld Rivals Which Tried And Failed To Beat The Game Boy". Nintendo Life. April 17, 2019. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/04/feature_the_handheld_rivals_which_tried_and_failed_to_beat_the_game_boy. 
  19. ↑ Forster, Winnie (2005). The Encyclopedia of Game.Machines: Consoles, Handhelds, and Home Computers 1972-2005. Magdalena Gniatczynska. p. 139. ISBN 3-0001-5359-4. 
  20. ↑ "TurboGrafx-16 TurboExpress". AllGame. http://allgame.com/platform.php?id=17673. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 "Meet The Gamate, The Handheld Which Tried To Take On The Game Boy And Failed - Feature". Nintendo Life. February 13, 2014. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2014/02/feature_meet_the_gamate_the_handheld_which_tried_to_take_on_the_game_boy_and_failed. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 "Rise of the Wannabes: The Game Boy's Many Uninspired Knockoffs". Vice.com. November 7, 2017. https://www.vice.com/en/article/rise-of-the-wannabes-the-game-boys-many-uninspired-knockoffs/. 
  23. ↑ "Design Master Denshi Mangajuku by Bandai – The Video Game Kraken" (in en-US). http://videogamekraken.com/design-master-denshi-mangajuku-by-bandai. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 "Hardware Classics: SNK Neo Geo Pocket Color". Nintendo Life. March 26, 2014. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2014/03/hardware_classics_snk_neo_geo_pocket_color. 
  25. ↑ "NeoGeo Pocket". AllGame. http://allgame.com/platform.php?id=17665. 
  26. ↑ "Hardware Classics: Bandai WonderSwan". Nintendo Life. March 11, 2014. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2014/03/hardware_classics_bandai_wonderswan. 
  27. ↑ Wild, Kim (2007). "Retroinspection: WonderSwan". Retro Gamer (36): 68–71. ISSN 1742-3155. 
  28. ↑ Brunskill, Kerry (2010). "Swan Song: A WonderSwan Retrospective". Retro Gamer (126): 45–47. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 "Chapter 1 : Introducing the Cybiko". Piclist.com. http://www.piclist.com/tecHREF/cybiko/b2c/ch1.htm. 
  30. ↑ "Win a fabulous Cybiko Xtreme; READER CLUB.". MGN Ltd.. 2002. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Win+a+fabulous+Cybiko+Xtreme%3b+READER+CLUB.-a084536941. 
  31. ↑ Ringshaw, Grant (January 2001). "Vesta pours $9m into new console". https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/4478896/Vesta-pours-9m-into-new-console.html. 
  32. ↑ "New 32-bit Handheld System on the Block - IGN". February 15, 2000. https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/02/15/new-32-bit-handheld-system-on-the-block. 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 "At 20 Years Old, Nintendo's GBA is Still Neglected". June 12, 2021. https://screenrant.com/gba-game-boy-advance-20-year-anniversary-nintendo/. 
  34. ↑ "Game Boy Advance: It's Finally Unveiled". IGN. August 23, 2000. http://ca.ign.com/articles/2000/08/24/game-boy-advance-its-finally-unveiled. 
  35. ↑ "Consolidated Sales Transition by Region". Nintendo. July 28, 2010. https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e1006.pdf. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 36.5 "GP2X Gaming Handheld Officially Released in UK". May 18, 2006. https://www.gamedeveloper.com/console/gp2x-gaming-handheld-officially-released-in-uk. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "Aquaplus P/ECE (vs Panic Playdate) ⌘I Get Info" (in en). 2021-08-19. https://blog.gingerbeardman.com/2021/08/19/aquaplus-piece-vs-panic-playdate/. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "P/ECE Official WebPage". https://aquaplus.jp/piece/intr.html. 
  39. ↑ "P/ECE Official WebPage". https://aquaplus.jp/piece/soft.html. 
  40. ↑ "The rise and fall of the Game Boy's weirdest rivals". https://www.avclub.com/the-game-com-cometh-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-game-boy-1846501180/slides/9. 
  41. ↑ "N-Gage". AllGame. http://allgame.com/platform.php?id=42646. 
  42. ↑ "Gameking by Timetop – The Video Game Kraken" (in en-US). http://videogamekraken.com/gameking-by-timetop. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 "Stop Releasing New F*Cking Handhelds!". March 26, 2010. https://www.destructoid.com/stop-releasing-new-fcking-handhelds/. 
  44. ↑ "The rise and fall of the Game Boy's weirdest rivals". https://www.avclub.com/the-game-com-cometh-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-game-boy-1846501180/slides/10. 
  45. ↑ "Dedicated Video Game Sales Units". Nintendo. https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/en/finance/hard_soft/index.html. 
  46. ↑ "Sony Introduces UMD-to-Digital Program, But It'll Cost You". November 11, 2011. https://www.giantbomb.com/articles/sony-introduces-umd-to-digital-program-but-itll-co/1100-3803/. 
  47. ↑ "Sony to Stop Selling PlayStation Portable by End of Year". http://time.com/2816781/sony-to-stop-selling-playstation-portable-by-end-of-year/. 
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 "Tiger Telematics Gizmondo review: Tiger Telematics Gizmondo". https://www.cnet.com/reviews/tiger-telematics-gizmondo-review/. 
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.5 49.6 "The rise and fall of the Game Boy's weirdest rivals". https://www.avclub.com/the-game-com-cometh-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-game-boy-1846501180/slides/11. 
  50. ↑ "GP2X Linux handheld console showing promise". November 15, 2005. https://www.engadget.com/2005-11-15-gp2x-linux-handheld-console-showing-promise.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAJpUVD9MGLqlS9Z0Mta7Uy_WbVK-S9tZNNWGxPKQLHI1f-fAc_VjFyb0uErZSANG8-6xL54qm-KUc-A2DgIBFWQVMq6iZ-pVqUnM4kLsp-LYVIdktAirME6Kt9PC4Ot3MBnZTQWfxzs4w1SiE0h1wh_IlGDQkAa9P6e1hAKvSCIy. 
  51. ↑ "Korea Goes All-out to Copy Nintendo" (in en). 2009-03-24. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/tech/2022/05/419_41898.html. 
  52. ↑ Beschizza, Rob. "CES 2008: GP2X Linux-Based Handheld Game Console". Wired. https://www.wired.com/2008/01/ces-2008-gp2x-l/. 
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.5 "Dingoo A320 Micro Game Station review". August 13, 2009. https://www.techradar.com/reviews/gaming/handheld-consoles/dingoo-a320-micro-game-station-624388/review. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5 "GP2X Wiz". July 20, 2009. https://www.pocketgamer.com/articles/014461/gp2x-wiz/. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 "Pandora gaming console finally shipping to UK". April 19, 2010. https://www.techradar.com/news/gaming/pandora-gaming-console-finally-shipping-to-uk-684324. 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 "The ultimate open source handheld: the return of Pandora •". Eurogamer.net. 2012-09-29. https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/df-hardware-the-pandora-story. Retrieved 2022-01-11. 
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 "GamePark's GP2X Caanoo handheld hits this August, picks up where the Wiz left off (Video)". July 12, 2010. https://www.engadget.com/2010-07-12-gameparks-gp2x-caanoo-handheld-hits-this-august-picks-up-where.html. 
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 58.2 58.3 d'Anastasio, Cecilia. "The Nintendo 3DS' Surprisingly Social Legacy". Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/obituary-nintendo-3ds-in-memoriam/. 
  59. ↑ "PSA: Yes, Your DS and 3DS Cartridges Will Eventually Deteriorate, but Don't Panic". May 6, 2021. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/05/psa_yes_your_ds_and_3ds_cartridges_will_eventually_deteriorate_but_dont_panic. 
  60. ↑ "Nintendo 3DS discontinued after almost a decade". BBC News. 17 September 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-54191058. 
  61. ↑ "Dedicated Video Game Sales Units". Nintendo. https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/en/finance/hard_soft/index.html. 
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.4 62.5 "'The little handheld that could': Examining the Vita's impact a decade later". June 24, 2021. https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22545198/playstation-vita-10-year-anniversary-sony-handheld. 
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 63.2 63.3 "Neo Geo X review". February 24, 2013. https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/df-hardware-neo-geo-x-review. 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 "Tommo planning to take action in Neo Geo X sales feud with SNK". January 10, 2014. https://www.polygon.com/2014/1/10/5296008/tommo-planning-to-take-action-in-neo-geo-x-sales-feud-with-snk. 
  65. ↑ "Neo Geo X is still super boss, now comes in Limited Edition with an extra game". October 22, 2012. https://www.engadget.com/2012-10-22-neo-geo-x-limited-edition.html. 
  66. ↑ "GameGadget: The empty promises and, finally, a response" (in en-gb). Eurogamer.net. 2012-10-31. https://www.eurogamer.net/gamegadget-the-empty-promises-and-finally-a-response. 
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 "Meet GCW-Zero, a Linux-based, open-source gaming handheld". January 31, 2013. https://www.destructoid.com/meet-gcw-zero-a-linux-based-open-source-gaming-handheld/. 
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 68.3 "Old-school gaming on the sly with the GCW Zero". https://torontosun.com/2014/01/14/old-school-gaming-on-the-sly-with-the-gcw-zero. 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 "Nvidia Shield review". July 31, 2013. https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/31/4573596/nvidia-shield-review. 
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 "Nvidia Shield Portable Review". September 18, 2014. https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/nvidia-shield-portable. 
  71. ↑ "Nvidia's portable gaming console Shield will hit retail in June for $349". May 14, 2013. https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/nvidias-portable-gaming-console-shield-will-hit-retail-june-349-flna1c9921539. 
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 72.2 72.3 Nero, Dom (March 18, 2021). "The 8 Best Portable Handheld Gaming Consoles of 2021". Esquire. https://www.esquire.com/lifestyle/g31016769/portable-handhelds-gaming-consoles/. 
  73. ↑ "The Arduboy History" (in en-US). https://www.arduboy.com/blog/the-arduboy-history. 
  74. ↑ "This Powerful Portable Console Has Us Dreaming of a Nintendo Switch Pro". November 18, 2020. https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2020/11/this_powerful_portable_console_has_us_dreaming_of_a_nintendo_switch_pro. 
  75. ↑ 75.0 75.1 75.2 75.3 "GPD Win 2 Handheld Launches April 2018, Runs GTA V". December 19, 2017. https://www.pcmag.com/news/gpd-win-2-handheld-launches-april-2018-runs-gta-v. 
  76. ↑ "Nintendo Switch uses detachable 'Joy-Con' controllers". October 20, 2016. https://www.polygon.com/2016/10/20/13345506/nintendo-switch-controller-joy-con. 
  77. ↑ "Nintendo Switch has a 6.2" 720p multi-touch screen". October 27, 2016. https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-10-27-nintendo-switch-has-a-6-2-multi-touch-screen. 
  78. ↑ "2021 is the Year of the Gaming Handheld". https://www.cnet.com/tech/gaming/2021-is-the-year-of-the-gaming-handheld/. 
  79. ↑ Park, Gene (2019-11-20). "Review | Nintendo's Switch Lite is the most comfortable handheld gaming device ever created" (in en-US). Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/reviews/nintendos-switch-lite-is-most-comfortable-handheld-gaming-device-ever-created/. 
  80. ↑ "Dedicated Video Game Sales Units". Nintendo. https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/en/finance/hard_soft/index.html. 
  81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 81.3 "This Retro Gaming Console is a Time Machine to the '80s". April 2021. https://www.wired.com/review/evercade-retro-handheld-console/. 
  82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 "Evercade is a slick gaming handheld that shows why cartridges are still cool". May 28, 2020. https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/28/21271988/evercade-retro-games-handheld-review-classic-atari-namco-interplay. 
  83. ↑ "Evercade review: "Classic gaming on a new handheld console reignites the retro romance"". December 21, 2020. https://www.gamesradar.com/evercade-review/. 
  84. ↑ "Analogue Pocket preorders will ship December 13th". November 22, 2021. https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/22/22796303/analogue-pocket-preorder-ship-date. 
  85. ↑ Sullivan, Derek (2021-07-26). "Aya Neo review - AMD Ryzen handheld gaming device" (in en-US). https://www.ultrabookreview.com/48387-aya-neo-handheld-review/. 
  86. ↑ Leadbetter, Richard (2022-09-17). "AyaNeo Air/AyaNeo Air Pro Review: OLED PC gaming in the palm of your hand" (in en-gb). Eurogamer. https://www.eurogamer.net/ayaneo-airayaneo-air-pro-review-oled-pc-gaming-in-the-palm-of-your-hand. 
  87. ↑ Coke, Chris (2022-05-01). "Aya Neo Next Advance Review" (in en). https://www.ign.com/articles/aya-neo-next-advance-review. 
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  91. ↑ "Omdia: Steam Deck installed base to surpass three million during 2023". April 6, 2023. https://omdia.tech.informa.com/pr/2023/apr/omdia-steam-deck-installed-base-to-surpass-three-million-during-2023. 
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  93. ↑ "Steam Deck: Is it the Nintendo Switch for nerds?". July 20, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/games/2021/jul/20/steam-deck-valve-nintendo-switch-for-nerds. 
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