The Renegade thesis explains the emergence of the Beylik of Osman and, in particular, the successes during the Rise of the Ottoman Empire and Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire with the successful integration of local renegades of all classes, combined with the following policy of meritocracy. [1]
The first example of a significant renegade is Köse Mihal, and Stephan Gerlach describes in his diary very much that often during that time prominent French, Italian, Spanish and Hungarian noblemen became Turkish renegades. [2]