Categories
  Encyclosphere.org ENCYCLOREADER
  supported by EncyclosphereKSF

Siege of Fredrikstad

From HandWiki - Reading time: 6 min

Siege of Fredrikstad
Part of the Swedish–Norwegian War of 1814
Carta over Friderichstad med dens Situation saaledes som den efter - no-nb krt 00895.jpg
Map over Fredrikstad
Date4 August 1814
Location
Fredrikstad, Norway
[ ⚑ ] 59°12′19″N 10°57′0″E / 59.20528°N 10.95°E / 59.20528; 10.95
Result Swedish victory
Belligerents
Norway Norway Sweden
Commanders and leaders
Norway Christian Frederick
Norway Nils Christian Frederik Hals
Crown Prince Charles John
Strength
1,100 6,000
50 gunboats
Casualties and losses
207 surrendered[1] 7 killed
12 wounded[1]
War of the Sixth Coalition:
Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)
<graph>

{

 //
 // ATTENTION: This code is maintained at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Template:Graph:Street_map_with_marks
 //            Please do not modify it anywhere else, as it may get copied and override your changes.
 //            Suggestions can be made at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Template_talk:Graph:Street_map_with_marks
 //
 // Template translation is in https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data:Original/Template:Graphs.tab
 //
 "version": 2, "width":304, "height": 160, "padding": 0,
 "signals":[
   // These signals allow us to quickly move the map within the image, e.g. to leave space for the legend

{"name":"legendWidth", "init": {"expr": "0"} },

   {"name":"legendHeight", "init": {"expr": "height"} },
   {"name":"imgWidth", "init": {"expr": "width-legendWidth"} },
   {"name":"imgHeight", "init": {"expr": "height"} },
   {"name":"imgXC", "init": {"expr": "imgWidth/2"} },
   {"name":"imgYC", "init": {"expr": "imgHeight/2"} },
   {"name":"imgTileSize", "init": {"expr": "256"} },
   {"name":"imgLat", "init": {"expr": "59.5"} },
   {"name":"imgLon", "init": {"expr": "11"} },
   {"name":"imgZoom", "init": {"expr": "6"} },
   {"name":"picWidth", "init": {"expr": "180"} },
   {"name":"picHeight", "init": {"expr": "picWidth/2"} },
   {"name":"picXC", "init": {"expr": "imgWidth-(picWidth/2)"} },
   {"name":"picYC", "init": {"expr": "imgHeight-(picHeight/2)"} },
   {"name":"showMiniMap", "init": {"expr": "0"} }
 ],
 "data": [
   {
     "name": "data",

// Otherwise use the first unnamed argument for source values

     "values": [  { "lat": 59.5, 
    "lon": 11, 
    "img": "wikirawupload:https://handwiki.org/wiki/images/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/120px-Mapscaleline.svg.png", 
    "width": 50, 
    "height": 8, 
    "offsetX": 115, 
    "offsetY": 70, 
    "textAlign": "right", 
    "textDx": 22, 
    "textDy": -2, 
    "textColor": "grey", 
    "textFont": "Tahoma", 
    "textFontSize": 9, 
    "text":  "100km" }

, { "lat": 0, "lon": 0, "img": "wikirawupload:https://handwiki.org/wiki/images/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png", "height": 10, "width": 10, "text": "", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "right", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": -8, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}


, { "lat": 59.06, "lon": 11.02, "size": "80",

"color": "#105396", 
"strokeColor": "#105396",
"shape": "circle",

"text": "Hvaler", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "top", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 7, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}, { "lat": 59.06, "lon": 11.02,

"shape": "circle", 
"size": "0", 
"text": "1", 

"textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "bottom", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 2, "textFontSize": 6, "textFontWeight": "bold", "textColor": "#FFFFFF" } , { "lat": 59.13, "lon": 11.45, "size": "80",

"color": "#105396", 
"strokeColor": "#105396",
"shape": "circle",

"text": "Tistedalen", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "left", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": 4, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}, { "lat": 59.13, "lon": 11.45,

"shape": "circle", 
"size": "0", 
"text": "2", 

"textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "bottom", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 2, "textFontSize": 6, "textFontWeight": "bold", "textColor": "#FFFFFF" } , { "lat": 60.15, "lon": 12.04, "size": "80",

"color": "#105396", 
"strokeColor": "#105396",
"shape": "circle",

"text": "Lier", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "right", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": -8, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}, { "lat": 60.15, "lon": 12.04,

"shape": "circle", 
"size": "0", 
"text": "3", 

"textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "bottom", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 2, "textFontSize": 6, "textFontWeight": "bold", "textColor": "#FFFFFF" } , { "lat": 59.21, "lon": 10.95, "size": "80",

"color": "#000000", 
"strokeColor": "#FFFFFF",
"shape": "diamond",

"text": "Fredrikstad", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "right", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": -8, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": 14, "textColor": "#000000"


} , { "lat": 60.03, "lon": 12.13, "size": "80",

"color": "#105396", 
"strokeColor": "#105396",
"shape": "circle",

"text": "Matrand", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "left", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": 4, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}, { "lat": 60.03, "lon": 12.13,

"shape": "circle", 
"size": "0", 
"text": "5", 

"textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "bottom", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 2, "textFontSize": 6, "textFontWeight": "bold", "textColor": "#FFFFFF" } , { "lat": 59.37, "lon": 11.42, "size": "80",

"color": "#105396", 
"strokeColor": "#105396",
"shape": "circle",

"text": "Rakkestad", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "left", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": 4, "textDy": -3, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}, { "lat": 59.37, "lon": 11.42,

"shape": "circle", 
"size": "0", 
"text": "6", 

"textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "bottom", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 2, "textFontSize": 6, "textFontWeight": "bold", "textColor": "#FFFFFF" } , { "lat": 59.61, "lon": 11.13, "size": "80",

"color": "#105396", 
"strokeColor": "#105396",
"shape": "circle",

"text": "Langnes", "textAngle": 0, "textAlign": "right", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": -8, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": 12, "textColor": "#105396"


}, { "lat": 59.61, "lon": 11.13,

"shape": "circle", 
"size": "0", 
"text": "7", 

"textAlign": "center", "textBaseline": "bottom", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 2, "textFontSize": 6, "textFontWeight": "bold", "textColor": "#FFFFFF" }




























     ],
     "transform": [
       {
         "type": "geo",
         "projection": "mercator",
         "scale": {"expr": "imgTileSize/PI/2*pow(2,imgZoom)"},
         "translate": [{"expr": "imgXC"}, {"expr": "imgYC"}],
         "center": [{"expr": "imgLon"}, {"expr": "imgLat"}],
         "lon": "lon", "lat": "lat"
       },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"layout_x", "expr": "datum.layout_x + (datum.offsetX || 0)" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"layout_y", "expr": "datum.layout_y + (datum.offsetY || 0)" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"color", "expr": "datum.color || '#c33'" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"textColor", "expr": "datum.textColor || datum.color" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"strokeColor", "expr": "datum.strokeColor || '#ffe7e6'" }
     ]
   },
   {
     // Hack: single value data source for drawing/hiding images and other non-series elements
     "name": "dummyData",
     "values": [{}]
   }
 ],

// Legend only works if showLegend and colorScaleField are set

 "marks": [
   {
     "type": "image",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "formula", "field":"url", "expr": "'mapsnapshot:///?width='+imgWidth+'&height='+imgHeight+'&zoom='+imgZoom+'&lat='+imgLat+'&lon='+imgLon+'&style=osm'" }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "url": {"field": "url"},
         "xc": {"signal": "imgXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "imgYC"},
         "width": {"signal": "imgWidth"}, "height": {"signal": "imgHeight"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Places an image of a given name and size at the [lan,lon] location
     "type": "image",
     "from": {
       "data": "data",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "datum.img" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"iconWidth", "expr": "datum.width || 0" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"iconHeight", "expr": "datum.height || 0" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"img",
           "expr": "if(!test(/^[a-z]+:\\/\\//, datum.img), 'wikifile:///'+datum.img, datum.img)" },
         // Ensure that either width or height parameter is passed to wikifile:// request
         { "type": "formula", "field":"img",
           "expr": "if((datum.iconWidth || datum.iconHeight) && !test(/[?&](width|height)=\\d/, datum.img),if(datum.iconWidth,datum.img+'?width='+datum.iconWidth,datum.img+'?height='+datum.iconHeight), datum.img)" }
     ]},
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "url": {"field": "img"},
         "xc": {"field": "layout_x"}, "yc": {"field": "layout_y"},
         "width": {"field": "iconWidth"}, "height": {"field": "iconHeight"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw marks of a given color, shape, and size at the [lan,lon] location
     "type": "symbol",
     "from": {
       "data": "data",
       "transform": [{ "type": "filter", "test": "!datum.img" }]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "x": {"field": "layout_x"},
         "y": {"field": "layout_y"},
         // If colorScaleField is set, use color scaling, otherwise use the preset color value
         "fill": { "field": "color" },
         "size": {"field": "size"},
         "shape": {"field": "shape"},
         "stroke": {"field": "strokeColor"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw text with the given color and size at the [lan,lon] location
     // See https://github.com/vega/vega/wiki/Marks#text for all parameter description (prepend "text" and capitalize them)
     "type": "text",
     "from": {
       "data": "data",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "datum.text" },
         // Figure out if this is an LTR or RTL page. For LTR, show label to the right of the icon, left-aligned. For RTL, reverse.
         { "type": "formula", "field":"isLTR", "expr": "'‎' == '\\u200E'" },
         // If these values are not defined ("undefined" is not allowed, so test for truthiness and not 0)
         { "type": "formula", "field":"textDx", "expr": "if(!datum.textDx && datum.textDx != 0, if(datum.isLTR,8,-8), datum.textDx)" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"textAlign", "expr": "if(!datum.textAlign, if(datum.isLTR,'left','right'), datum.textAlign)" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"textBaseline", "expr": "datum.textBaseline || 'middle'" }
     ]},
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "text": {"field": "text"},
         "x": {"field": "layout_x" },
         "y": {"field": "layout_y"},
         "dx": {"field": "textDx" },
         "dy": {"field": "textDy"},
         "fill": {"field": "textColor"},
         "align": {"field": "textAlign"},
         "baseline": {"field": "textBaseline"},
         "radius": {"field": "textRadius"},
         "theta": {"field": "textTheta"},
         "angle": {"field": "textAngle"},
         "font": {"field": "textFont"},
         "fontSize": {"field": "textFontSize"},
         "fontWeight": {"field": "textFontWeight"},
         "fontStyle": {"field": "textFontStyle"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw a low-zoom locator map frame
     "type": "rect",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "xc": {"signal": "picXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "picYC"},
         "width": {"signal": "picWidth", "offset":2}, "height": {"signal": "picHeight"},
         "stroke": {"value":"#fff"},"strokeWidth": {"value":6}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw a low-zoom locator map by using a premade world map image
     "type": "image",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"url", "expr": "1" }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "url": {"value": "wikirawupload:https://handwiki.org/wiki/images/thumb/a/ac/Earthmap1000x500.jpg/180px-Earthmap1000x500.jpg"},
         "xc": {"signal": "picXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "picYC"},
         "width": {"signal": "picWidth"}, "height": {"signal": "picHeight"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw a zoom-out mark at the [lan,lon] location
     "type": "symbol",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"lat", "expr": "imgLat" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"lon", "expr": "imgLon" },
         {
           "type": "geo",
           "projection": "equirectangular",
           "scale": {"expr": "180/2/PI"},
           "translate": [{"expr": "picXC"}, {"expr": "picYC"}],
           "center": [{"expr": "0"}, {"expr": "0"}],
           "lon": "lon", "lat": "lat"
         }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "x": {"field": "layout_x"}, "y": {"field": "layout_y"},
         "fill": {"value": "#c33"},
         "stroke": {"value": "#ffe7e6"},
         "size": {"value": 40}
       }
     }
   }
 ]

} </graph>

<maplink zoom="7" latitude="59.5" longitude="11" text="[Interactive fullscreen map]">

[


{"type": "FeatureCollection",

 "features": [


{ "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Invasion of Hvaler
on 29 July 1814", "description": " 59.06,11.02", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#105396" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [11.02,59.06] } }

, { "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Battle of Tistedalen
on 1 August 1814", "description": " 59.13,11.45", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#105396" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [11.45,59.13] } }

, { "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Battle of Lier (1814)
on 2 August 1814", "description": " 60.15,12.04", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#105396" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [12.04,60.15] } }

, { "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Siege of Fredrikstad
on 4 August 1814
Battle of Kjølberg Bridge
on 14 August 1814", "description": " 59.21,10.95", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#000000" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [10.95,59.21] } }

, { "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Battle of Matrand
on 5 August 1814", "description": " 60.03,12.13", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#105396" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [12.13,60.03] } }

, { "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Battle of Rakkestad
on 6 August 1814", "description": " 59.37,11.42", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#105396" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [11.42,59.37] } }

, { "type": "Feature",

  "properties": {
   "title": "Battle of Langnes
on 9 August 1814", "description": " 59.61,11.13", "marker-symbol": "-number", "marker-size": "medium", "marker-color": "#105396" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [11.13,59.61] } }






















































] }

]</maplink>
The color black indicates the current battle.

Fredrikstad Fortress, under the command of Nils Christian Frederik Hals, was captured by the Swedish armed forces on 4 August 1814.[2][3] 207 men remained in the fortress as the Norwegian surrendered to the Swedes; the rest had evacuated earlier. The Swedish casualties were few, 7 men killed and 12 wounded from the army, navy and Archipelago fleet combined.[1]

Notes

References

Further reading





Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 | Source: https://handwiki.org/wiki/History:Siege_of_Fredrikstad
9 views | Status: cached on October 11 2024 16:20:48
↧ Download this article as ZWI file
Encyclosphere.org EncycloReader is supported by the EncyclosphereKSF