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Leap year starting on Sunday

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Short description: Type of year AG on a solar calendar according to its starting and ending days in the week

A leap year starting on Sunday is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes 29 February) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Monday, 31 December. Its dominical letters hence are AG. The most recent year of such kind was 2012 and the next one will be 2040 in the Gregorian calendar[1] or, likewise, 1996, 2024 and 2052 in the obsolete Julian calendar.

This is the only leap year with three occurrences of Friday the 13th: those three in this leap year occur three months (13 weeks) apart: in January, April, and July. Common years starting on Thursday share this characteristic, in the months of February, March, and November.

In this type of year, all dates (except 29 February) fall on their respective weekdays 58 times in the 400 year Gregorian calendar cycle. Leap years starting on Friday share this characteristic. Additionally, these types of years are the only ones which contain 54 different calendar weeks (2 partial, 52 in full) in areas of the world where Monday is considered the first day of the week.

Calendars

Applicable years

Gregorian Calendar

Leap years that begin on Sunday, along with those starting on Friday, occur most frequently: 15 of the 97 (≈ 15.46%) total leap years in a 400-year cycle of the Gregorian calendar. Thus, their overall occurrence is 3.75% (15 out of 400).

Gregorian leap years starting on Sunday[1]
Decade 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
16th century prior to first adoption (proleptic) 1584
17th century 1612 1640 1668 1696
18th century 1708 1736 1764 1792
19th century 1804 1832 1860 1888
20th century 1928 1956 1984
21st century 2012 2040 2068 2096
22nd century 2108 2136 2164 2192
23rd century 2204 2232 2260 2288
24th century 2328 2356 2384
25th century 2412 2440 2468 2496
26th century 2508 2536 2564 2592
27th century 2604 2632 2660 2688
400-year cycle
0–99 12 40 68 96
100–199 108 136 164 192
200–299 204 232 260 288
300–399 328 356 384

Julian Calendar

Like all leap year types, the one starting with 1 January on a Sunday occurs exactly once in a 28-year cycle in the Julian calendar, i.e., in 3.57% of years. As the Julian calendar repeats after 28 years, it will also repeat after 700 years, i.e., 25 cycles. The formula gives the year's position in the cycle ((year + 8) mod 28) + 1).

Julian leap years starting on Sunday
Decade 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
15th century 1408 1436 1464 1492
16th century 1520 1548 1576
17th century 1604 1632 1660 1688
18th century 1716 1744 1772 1800
19th century 1828 1856 1884
20th century 1912 1940 1968 1996
21st century 2024 2052 2080
22nd century 2108 2136 2164 2192

Holidays

International

    • Valentine's Day falls on a Tuesday
    • The leap day (February 29) falls on a Wednesday
    • World Day for Grandparents and the Elderly falls on its earliest possible date, July 22
    • Halloween falls on a Wednesday
    • Christmas Day falls on a Tuesday

Roman Catholic Solemnities

    • Epiphany falls on a Friday
    • Candlemas falls on a Thursday
    • Saint Joseph's Day falls on a Monday
    • The Annunciation of Jesus falls on a Sunday
    • The Nativity of John the Baptist falls on a Sunday
    • The Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul falls on a Friday
    • The Transfiguration of Jesus falls on a Monday
    • The Assumption of Mary falls on a Wednesday
    • The Exaltation of the Holy Cross falls on a Friday
    • All Saints' Day falls on a Thursday
    • All Souls' Day falls on a Friday
    • The Feast of Christ the King falls on November 25 (or on October 28 in versions of the calendar between 1925 and 1962)
    • The First Sunday of Advent falls on December 2
    • The Immaculate Conception falls on a Saturday
    • Gaudete Sunday falls on December 16
    • Rorate Sunday falls on December 23

Australia and New Zealand

    • Australia Day falls on a Thursday
    • Waitangi Day falls on a Monday
    • Daylight saving ends on its earliest possible date, April 1
    • ANZAC Day falls on a Wednesday
    • Mother's Day falls on May 13
    • Father's Day falls on September 2
    • Daylight saving begins on its latest possible date, September 30 in New Zealand and October 7 in Australia – this is the only leap year where the period of standard time over the winter months lasts 26 weeks in New Zealand and 27 weeks in Australia (in all other leap years, it lasts only 25 weeks in New Zealand and 26 weeks in Australia)

British Isles

    • Saint David's Day falls on a Thursday
    • Mother's Day falls on March 4, March 11, March 18, March 25 or April 1
    • Saint Patrick's Day falls on a Saturday
    • Daylight saving begins on its earliest possible date, March 25
    • Saint George's Day falls on a Monday
    • Father's Day falls on June 17
    • Orangeman's Day falls on a Thursday
    • Daylight saving ends on October 28
    • Guy Fawkes Night falls on a Monday
    • Saint Andrew's Day falls on a Friday

Canada

    • Daylight saving begins on March 11
    • Mother's Day falls on May 13
    • Victoria Day falls on May 21
    • Father's Day falls on June 17
    • Canada Day falls on a Sunday
    • Labour Day falls on September 3
    • Thanksgiving Day falls on its earliest possible date, October 8
    • Daylight saving ends on November 4

United States

    • Martin Luther King Jr. Day falls on January 16
    • President's Day falls on February 20
    • Daylight saving begins on March 11
    • Mother's Day falls on May 13
    • Memorial Day falls on May 28
    • Father's Day falls on June 17
    • Juneteenth falls on a Tuesday
    • Independence Day falls on a Wednesday
    • Labor Day falls on September 3
    • Grandparents' Day falls on September 9
    • Columbus Day falls on its earliest possible date, October 8
    • Daylight saving ends on November 4
    • Thanksgiving Day falls on its earliest possible date, November 22

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Robert van Gent (2017). "The Mathematics of the ISO 8601 Calendar". Utrecht University, Department of Mathematics. https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/calendar/isocalendar.htm. 



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