Mathematical Operators

Mathematical Operators
Range	U+2200..U+22FF; (256 code points)
Plane	BMP
Scripts	Common
Symbol sets	Mathematical symbols; Logic and Set operators; Relation symbols
Assigned	256 code points
Unused	0 reserved code points
Unicode version history
1.0.0	242 (+242)
3.2	256 (+14)
	Note:

Short description: Unicode character block

This article contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

Mathematical Operators is a Unicode block containing characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation.

Notably absent are the plus sign (+), greater than sign (>) and less than sign (<), due to them already appearing in the Basic Latin Unicode block, and the plus-or-minus sign (±), multiplication sign (×) and obelus (÷), due to them already appearing in the Latin-1 Supplement block, although a distinct minus sign (−) is included, differing from the Basic Latin hyphen-minus (-).

Block

Variation sequences

The Mathematical Operators block has sixteen variation sequences defined for standardized variants.^[3]^[4] They use U+FE00 VARIATION SELECTOR-1 (VS01) to denote variant symbols (depending on the font):

Variation sequences
Base character	Base	+VS01	Description
U+2205 EMPTY SET	∅	∅︀	zero with long diagonal stroke overlay form
U+2229 INTERSECTION	∩	∩︀	with serifs
U+222A UNION	∪	∪︀	with serifs
U+2268 LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO	≨	≨︀	with vertical stroke
U+2269 GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO	≩	≩︀	with vertical stroke
U+2272 LESS-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO	≲	≲︀	following the slant of the lower leg
U+2273 GREATER-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO	≳	≳︀	following the slant of the lower leg
U+228A SUBSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO	⊊	⊊︀	with stroke through bottom members
U+228B SUPERSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO	⊋	⊋︀	with stroke through bottom members
U+2293 SQUARE CAP	⊓	⊓︀	with serifs
U+2294 SQUARE CUP	⊔	⊔︀	with serifs
U+2295 CIRCLED PLUS	⊕	⊕︀	with white rim
U+2297 CIRCLED TIMES	⊗	⊗︀	with white rim
U+229C CIRCLED EQUALS	⊜	⊜︀	with equal sign touching the circle
U+22DA LESS-THAN EQUAL TO OR GREATER-THAN	⋚	⋚︀	with slanted equal
U+22DB GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO OR LESS-THAN	⋛	⋛︀	with slanted equal

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Mathematical Operators block:

Version	Final code points^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Count	UTC ID	L2 ID	WG2 ID	Document
1.0.0	U+2200..22F1	242				(to be determined)
			UTC/1999-013			Karlsson, Kent (1999-05-27), Tildes and micro sign decompositions
				L2/99-176R		Moore, Lisa (1999-11-04), Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999
				L2/00-115R2		Moore, Lisa (2000-08-08), Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83
				L2/01-342		Suignard, Michel (2001-09-10), Comments accompanying the US positive vote on the FPDAM 1 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2001
				L2/07-268	N3253 (pdf, doc)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007-07-26), Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 50, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany; 2007-04-24/27
				L2/15-268		Beeton, Barbara; Freytag, Asmus; Iancu, Laurențiu; Sargent, Murray (2015-10-30), Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set
				L2/15-254		Moore, Lisa (2015-11-16), UTC #145 Minutes
3.2	U+22F2..22FF	14		L2/00-119^{[lower-alpha 2]}	N2191R	Whistler, Ken; Freytag, Asmus (2000-04-19), Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode
				L2/00-234	N2203 (rtf, txt)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000-07-21), Minutes from the SC2/WG2 meeting in Beijing, 2000-03-21 -- 24
				L2/00-115R2		Moore, Lisa (2000-08-08), Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83
↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names ↑ Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B block for additional math-related documents

References

↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
↑ "Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/StandardizedVariants.txt.
↑ Whistler, Ken; Freytag, Asmus (2000-04-19), L2/00-119: Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode, https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00119-math.pdf

0.00

(0 votes)

[final-5] Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

[mathdocs-6] Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B block for additional math-related documents

[1] "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2016-07-09.

[2] "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html. Retrieved 2016-07-09.

[3] "Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/StandardizedVariants.txt.

[4] Whistler, Ken; Freytag, Asmus (2000-04-19), L2/00-119: Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode, https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00119-math.pdf

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Mathematical Operators

Contents

Block

Variation sequences

History

See also

References

Mathematical Operators
Range	U+2200..U+22FF (256 code points)
Plane	BMP
Scripts	Common
Symbol sets	Mathematical symbols Logic and Set operators Relation symbols
Assigned	256 code points
Unused	0 reserved code points
Unicode version history

1.0.0	242 (+242)
3.2	256 (+14)

Note: ^[1]^[2]