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Connors form

Topic: Medicine

 From HandWiki - Reading time: 3 min
Short description: Colloquial name for the Conners rating-scale questionnaires used in ADHD assessment

Connors form (also spelled Conners form or Conner's form) is a colloquial term used in clinical and school settings for the questionnaires that make up the Conners rating scales, multi-informant behavior rating instruments commonly used to assess symptoms of ADHD and related difficulties in children and adolescents. The forms have been published in several editions, including the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) and Conners' Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS), the Conners 3, the Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales (Conners CBRS), and the Conners 4. These instruments include parent, teacher, and self-report forms and are designed to be combined with clinical interviews and other data for diagnostic decision-making.[1][2][3][4][5]

Terminology

In everyday clinical communication, “Connors form” typically refers to the specific questionnaire a parent, teacher, or youth completes (for example, a parent form or teacher form). Publishers and research literature use formal names for the instrument families and editions (e.g., Conners CBRS, Conners 3, Conners 4).[3][6]

Forms and editions

Parent, Teacher, and Self-Report versions exist across editions to capture behavior in multiple settings; scales align with contemporary diagnostic frameworks and include validity indicators and impairment measures.[1][2] The Conners 3 and Conners CBRS expanded coverage to co-occurring problems and introduced short forms and indices; studies support their reliability and validity across cultures.[3][4] The current Conners 4 (ages 6–18) updates norms and scale structure, adds impairment and functional outcome measures, and offers multi-informant digital reporting.[5][7][8]

Uses

Connors forms are used as standardized behavior ratings to support ADHD assessment and differential diagnosis, typically alongside interviews, observations, academic records, and performance-based measures (e.g., the Conners CPT-3).[9][10] Meta-analytic evidence indicates that teacher rating scales provide valid, time-efficient assessments of classroom ADHD symptoms.[11]

Psychometrics

Across editions, factor-analytic studies have supported multidimensional structures for parent and teacher forms, with acceptable internal consistency and test–retest reliability; cross-cultural studies generally support reliability and validity of translated versions.[1][2][4] For Conners 4, publisher documentation reports updated norms, confirmatory factor analyses, and convergent validity with established measures.[7][12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Conners, C. Keith; Sitarenios, G.; Parker, J. D. A.; Epstein, J. N. (August 1998). "The revised Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity". Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 26 (4): 257–268. doi:10.1023/a:1022602400621. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9700518/. Retrieved 13 October 2025. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Conners, C. Keith; Sitarenios, G.; Parker, J. D. A.; Epstein, J. N. (August 1998). "Revision and restandardization of the Conners Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS-R): factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity". Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 26 (4): 279–291. doi:10.1023/a:1022606501530. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9700520/. Retrieved 13 October 2025. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Izzo, Viola Angela; Donati, Maria Anna; Novello, Federica; Maschietto, Dino (10 May 2019). "The Conners 3-short forms: Evaluating the adequacy of brief versions to assess ADHD symptoms and related problems". Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 24 (4): 791–808. doi:10.1177/1359104519846602. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31074289/. Retrieved 13 October 2025. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Morales-Hidalgo, Paula; Hernández-Martínez, Carmen; Ferrer, Mariona; Voltas, Nil (2017). "Psychometric properties of the Conners-3 and Conners Early Childhood Indices in a Spanish school population". International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology 17 (3): 221–229. doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.05.001. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6236327/. Retrieved 13 October 2025. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Conners 4th Edition is Now Available!". Multi-Health Systems. 12 August 2024. https://mhs.com/blog/conners-4th-edition-is-now-available/. 
  6. ↑ "Conners CBRS®". Multi-Health Systems. https://storefront.mhs.com/collections/conners-cbrs. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "CONNERS4". Multi-Health Systems. 17 October 2022. https://cdn.mhs.com/mhsdocs/Marketing_Files/Conners4/Conners4_FAQ_Digital_17_October_2022_R4.pdf. 
  8. ↑ "Conners 4®". Multi-Health Systems. https://storefront.mhs.com/collections/conners-4. 
  9. ↑ Conners, C. Keith (April 2004). "VALIDATION OF ADHD RATING SCALES". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 43 (4): 452–457. doi:10.1097/00004583-200404000-00007. https://www.jaacap.org/article/S0890-8567(09)61568-9/fulltext. Retrieved 13 October 2025. 
  10. ↑ "Conners CPT 3™". Multi-Health Systems. https://storefront.mhs.com/collections/conners-cpt-3. 
  11. ↑ Staff, Anouck I.; Oosterlaan, Jaap; van der Oord, Saskia; Hoekstra, Pieter J. (2021). "The Validity of Teacher Rating Scales for the Assessment of ADHD Symptoms in the Classroom: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Journal of Attention Disorders 25 (12): 1701–1716. doi:10.1177/1087054720920295. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32390490/. Retrieved 13 October 2025. 
  12. ↑ "Chapter 4: Step-by-Step Interpretation Guidelines". Multi-Health Systems. https://mhscdn.blob.core.windows.net/mhs-web/MHS-WordPress/Learn.MHS/Manuals/conners_4_html_manual_full/part3/ch4_interpretation.html. 



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