Long ciliary nerves

Long ciliary nerves
	Nerves of the orbit, and the ciliary ganglion. Side view.
Details
From	Nasociliary nerve
Innervates	Cornea, iris, and ciliary body
Fiber type	"Somatosensory" (via V1 Lacrimal), and "Sympathetic" (via V2 Zygomatic)
Identifiers
Latin	nervi ciliares longi
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

Short description: Branch of the nasociliary nerve

The long ciliary nerves are two-three sensory nerves that arise from the nasociliary nerve (itself a branch of the ophthalmic branch (CN V₁) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)).^[1] They pass forward within the orbit, passing toward the eyeball alongside the optic nerve (CN II).^[2] They enter the eyeball to provide sensory innervation to the cornea, iris, and ciliary body.^[3] They also provide sympathetic visceral motor innervation to the dilator pupillae muscle, which is responsible for dilation of the pupil.^[4] The long ciliary nerves are clinically relevant in conditions affecting corneal sensitivity, pupillary responses, and surgical procedures involving the eye.^[5]

Anatomy

Origin

The long ciliary nerves branch from the nasociliary nerve as it crosses the optic nerve (CN II).^[1]

Course

Accompanied by the short ciliary nerves, the long ciliary nerves pierce and enter^[1] the posterior part of the sclera near where it is entered by the optic nerve, then run anterior-ward between the sclera and the choroid.^[1]

Function

The long ciliary nerves are distributed to the ciliary body, iris, and cornea.^[1]

Sensory

The long ciliary nerves provide sensory innervation to the eyeball, including the cornea.^[6]

Sympathetic

Additional images

Pathways in the ciliary ganglion.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42nd ed.). New York. pp. 783. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621.
↑ Ansari, Mohammad Wakeel; Nadeem, Ahmed (2016). "Atlas of Ocular Anatomy". Ocular Anatomy. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42781-2. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-42781-2?error=cookies_not_supported&code=988742a0-3716-4576-89ca-a88746e5dca8.
↑ Levin, Leonard A.; Kaufman, Paul L.; Hartnett, Mary Elizabeth (2024). Adler's physiology of the eye (12th ed.). Chantilly: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-323-83407-0.
↑ Wu, Feipeng; Zhao, Yin; Zhang, Hong (2022-01-14). "Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions" (in en). Vision 6 (1): 6. doi:10.3390/vision6010006. ISSN 2411-5150. PMID 35076641. PMC 8788436. https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/6/1/6.
↑ Lum, Edward; Corbett, Melanie C.; Murphy, Paul J. (July 2019). "Corneal Sensitivity After Ocular Surgery" (in en). Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 45 (4): 226–237. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000543. ISSN 1542-2321. https://journals.lww.com/00140068-201907000-00003.
↑ Yang, Alina Y.; Chow, Jessica; Liu, Ji (March 2018). "Corneal Innervation and Sensation: The Eye and Beyond". The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 91 (1): 13–21. ISSN 1551-4056. PMID 29599653. PMC 5872636. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29599653.

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long ciliary nerves. Read more

[:333-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42nd ed.). New York. pp. 783. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621.

[2] Ansari, Mohammad Wakeel; Nadeem, Ahmed (2016). "Atlas of Ocular Anatomy". Ocular Anatomy. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42781-2. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-42781-2?error=cookies_not_supported&code=988742a0-3716-4576-89ca-a88746e5dca8.

[3] Levin, Leonard A.; Kaufman, Paul L.; Hartnett, Mary Elizabeth (2024). Adler's physiology of the eye (12th ed.). Chantilly: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-323-83407-0.

[4] Wu, Feipeng; Zhao, Yin; Zhang, Hong (2022-01-14). "Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions" (in en). Vision 6 (1): 6. doi:10.3390/vision6010006. ISSN 2411-5150. PMID 35076641. PMC 8788436. https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/6/1/6.

[5] Lum, Edward; Corbett, Melanie C.; Murphy, Paul J. (July 2019). "Corneal Sensitivity After Ocular Surgery" (in en). Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 45 (4): 226–237. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000543. ISSN 1542-2321. https://journals.lww.com/00140068-201907000-00003.

[6] Yang, Alina Y.; Chow, Jessica; Liu, Ji (March 2018). "Corneal Innervation and Sensation: The Eye and Beyond". The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 91 (1): 13–21. ISSN 1551-4056. PMID 29599653. PMC 5872636. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29599653.

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